Harnessing exogenous membrane vesicles for studying Fusarium circinatum and its biofilm communities DOI Creative Commons
Thabiso Motaung, Francinah M Ratsoma, Sithembile Kunene

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2023

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are tiny messengers that convey bioactive molecules from donor to recipient cells, leading changes in their physiology and function. We investigated the role of EVs shaping growth biofilm biology tree pathogen Fusarium circinatum its interaction with susceptible host, Pinus patula . Vesicles were collected fungal planktonic cultures pine seedling needles roots. The physical properties these analysed using nanoparticle tracking analysis transmission electron microscopy, which revealed a diverse range sizes shapes, respectively. Furthermore, uptake by conidia demonstrated F. significantly but variably affected spore viability during early phase (2-4 h) although they enhanced biomass extracellular matrix (ECM) production biofilms. In contrast, P. greatly inhibited hyphal formation biomass, failed inhibit ECM biosynthesis biofilm. Our results therefore suggest conidial germination is essential for late development including while may be counter measure against harsh environmental conditions effects plant-derived EVs. Therefore, plant-microbe interactions viewed within context can improve understanding into dynamic complex behaviours pathogens plant hosts.

Language: Английский

The plant immune system: From discovery to deployment DOI Creative Commons
Jonathan D. G. Jones, Brian J. Staskawicz, Jeffery L. Dangl

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187(9), P. 2095 - 2116

Published: April 1, 2024

Plant diseases cause famines, drive human migration, and present challenges to agricultural sustainability as pathogen ranges shift under climate change. breeders discovered Mendelian genetic loci conferring disease resistance specific isolates over 100 years ago. Subsequent breeding for underpins modern agriculture and, along with the emergence focus on model plants genetics genomics research, has provided rich resources molecular biological exploration last 50 years. These studies led identification of extracellular intracellular receptors that convert recognition microbe-encoded patterns or pathogen-delivered virulence effectors into defense activation. receptor systems, downstream responses, define plant immune systems have evolved since migration land ∼500 million Our current understanding provides platform development rational enhancement control many continue plague crop production.

Language: Английский

Citations

77
Rice extracellular vesicles send defense proteins into fungus Rhizoctonia solani to reduce disease DOI
Yifan Huang, Wei Li,

Tiangu Liu

et al.

Developmental Cell, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
In silico characterisation of the avocado WAK/WAKL gene family with a focus on genes involved in defence against Phytophthora cinnamomi DOI Creative Commons

Alan W. Harvey,

Noëlani van den Berg, Velushka Swart

et al.

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

The avocado industry faces a significant threat from the hemibiotrophic oomycete pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi . A variably expressed defence gene during an infection trial was Wall-associated kinase ( WAK ). and WAK-Like (WAKL) proteins are known to bind fragmented pectin (oligogalacturonides) produced penetration, thereby activating downstream defence-related pathways. To better understand P. -avocado interaction, this family assessed using in silico methods. In study, previously generated RNA-sequencing data were used associate genes with response, followed by promoter- phylogenetic analysis of these genes/proteins. predicted modelled AlphaFold2, structural similarity across different rootstocks, as well their binding affinity for oligogalacturonides, assessed. identified 14 Persea americana Pa)WAK s 62 PaWAKL West-Indian (pure accession reference), Dusa ® , Leola™ R0.12 rootstock genomes. These showed distribution genome’s chromosomes, MCScanX analyses predicting tandem duplications. PaWAK/WAKL expression profiles compared, implicating five defence. Phylogenetic promoter conducted predict associated pathways, focusing on stress phytohormone-responsive Structural differences varying oligogalacturonide affinities PaWAK/WAKLs rootstocks. could be incorporated into molecular screening tool improve development resistant

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Harnessing exogenous membrane vesicles for studying Fusarium circinatum and its biofilm communities DOI Creative Commons
Thabiso Motaung, Francinah M Ratsoma, Sithembile Kunene

et al.

Microbial Pathogenesis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107368 - 107368

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are tiny messengers that convey bioactive molecules from donor to recipient cells, leading changes in their physiology and function. We investigated the role of EVs shaping growth biofilm biology tree pathogen Fusarium circinatum its interaction with susceptible host, Pinus patula. Vesicles were collected fungal planktonic cultures pine seedling needles roots. The physical properties these analysed using nanoparticle tracking analysis transmission electron microscopy, which revealed a diverse range sizes shapes, respectively. Furthermore, uptake by conidia was conducted. results demonstrated F. significantly but variably affected spore viability during early phase (2-4 h) although they enhanced integrity. In contrast, P. patula greatly inhibited hyphal formation biomass, failed inhibit matrix production biofilm. Our therefore show conidial germination is essential for late development including while counter measure against harsh environmental conditions effects plant-derived EVs.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Proteolytic processing of both RXLR and EER motifs in oomycete effectors DOI Creative Commons
Lin Xu, Shumei Wang, Wei Wang

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 19, 2024

Abstract Arg-any amino acid-Leu-Arg (RXLR) effectors are central oomycete virulence factors that target diverse host proteins and processes to suppress plant immunity. Relatively little is known about how they processed post-translationally before delivery into cells. Proteolytic cleavage at the RXLR motif was observed occur prior secretion in all Phytophthora infestans tested, suggesting it a general rule, between leucine second arginine. There no of naturally occurring structured region Pi21388/AvrBlb1, or one introduced similar position effector Pi04314, keeping with being positionally constrained, potentially disordered regions closely following signal peptide. Remarkably, independent proteolytic Glu-Glu-Arg (EER) motif, often found immediately downstream RXLR, also effectors, after Expression full-length Nicotiana benthamiana revealed that, although secreted, were poorly processed, EER does not eukaryotic Our observations indicate whether possessing both EER, either alone, these likely proteolytically cases.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Proteolytic processing of both RXLR and EER motifs in oomycete effectors DOI Creative Commons
Lin Xu, Shumei Wang, Wei Wang

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Summary Arg‐any amino acid‐Leu‐Arg (RXLR) effectors are central oomycete virulence factors that suppress plant immunity. Relatively little is known about how they processed post‐translationally before delivery into host cells. A range of molecular, cell and biochemical processes were used to investigate proteolytic processing RXLR Glu‐Glu‐Arg (EER) motifs in Phytophthora infestans effectors. Proteolytic cleavage at the motif occurred secretion all tested, suggesting it a general rule. Cleavage between leucine second arginine. There was no naturally occurring structured region Pi21388/AvrBlb1, or one introduced similar position effector Pi04314, keeping with being positionally constrained, potentially disordered regions closely following signal peptide. Remarkably, independent EER motif, often found immediately after RXLR, also observed, Full‐length expressed Nicotiana benthamiana revealed that, although secreted, poorly processed, does not occur eukaryotic We conclude whether possessing both EER, either alone, these likely generally proteolytically secretion.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Harnessing Exogenous Membrane Vesicles for Studying Fusarium Circinatum and its Biofilm Communities DOI
Thabiso Motaung, Francinah M Ratsoma, Sithembile Kunene

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
A pharmacological approach to investigating effector translocation in rice- Magnaporthe oryzae interactions DOI Creative Commons
Ely Oliveira‐Garcia, A. Hamilton

Plant Signaling & Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: May 9, 2024

Fungal pathogens deliver effector proteins into living plant cells to suppress immunity and control processes that are needed for infection. During infection, the devastating rice blast fungus,

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A versatile protocol for purifying recombinant proteins fromNicotiana benthamianafor structural studies DOI Creative Commons
Aaron W. Lawson,

Arthur Macha,

Ulla Neumann

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 13, 2024

Abstract Structural biology is an essential tool for understanding the molecular basis of biological processes. Although predicting protein structures by fold recognition algorithms has become increasingly powerful, especially with integration deep-learning approaches, experimentally resolved are indispensable guiding structure-function studies and improving modelling. However, experimental structural complexes still challenging, owing to, example, necessity high concentrations purity downstream analyses such as cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The use Nicotiana benthamiana leaves a transient expression system recombinant proteins attractive approach plant inexpensive to cultivate, grows rapidly, allows fast turnaround easily scalable compared other established systems insect cell cultures. Using N. system, we present here robust versatile protocol purification five heterocomplexes sizes ranging from ∼140 kDa ∼660 consisting immunoreceptors their associated pathogen effectors, followed microscopy. plant-based was applied verify structure cell-derived wheat Sr35 resistosome co-purify co-resolve homodimer AvrSr35 effector fungus Puccinia graminis f sp tritici ( Pgt ). In several cases, only single epitope tag needed complex purification, reducing complications that come multiple tags two-step affinity purifications. We identify codon usage, signal peptide fusion, choice detergents critical factors leaves.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Harnessing Exogenous Membrane Vesicles for Studying Fusarium Circinatum and its Biofilm Communities DOI
Thabiso Motaung, Francinah M Ratsoma, Sithembile Kunene

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0