Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Aug. 26, 2021
Abstract
In
the
age
of
antibiotic
resistance
and
precise
microbiome
engineering,
CRISPR-Cas
antimicrobials
promise
to
have
a
substantial
impact
on
way
we
treat
diseases
in
future.
However,
efficacy
these
their
mechanisms
remain
be
elucidated.
We
systematically
investigated
how
target
E.
coli
strain
can
escape
killing
by
episomally-encoded
CRISPR-Cas9
antimicrobials.
Using
Cas9
from
Streptococcus
pyogenes
(SpCas9)
studied
efficiency
mutation
rate
towards
elucidated
underlying
genetic
alterations.
find
that
is
not
correlated
with
number
cutting
sites
or
type
target.
While
targets
did
significantly
affect
killing,
it
reduce
emergence
chromosomal
mutations
conferring
resistance.
The
most
frequent
was
plasmid-encoded
SpCas9
inactivated
bacterial
genome
rearrangements
involving
translocation
mobile
elements
such
as
insertion
elements.
This
mechanism
overcome
re-introduction
an
intact
copy
SpCas9.
work
presented
here
provides
guide
design
strategies
improve
activity
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
5(1)
Published: Aug. 25, 2020
Abstract
Accumulating
evidence
shows
that
cellular
and
acellular
components
in
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
can
reprogram
initiation,
growth,
invasion,
metastasis,
response
to
therapies.
Cancer
research
treatment
have
switched
from
a
cancer-centric
model
TME-centric
one,
considering
the
increasing
significance
of
TME
cancer
biology.
Nonetheless,
clinical
efficacy
therapeutic
strategies
targeting
TME,
especially
specific
cells
or
pathways
remains
unsatisfactory.
Classifying
chemopathological
characteristics
crosstalk
among
one
another
greatly
benefit
further
studies
exploring
effective
treating
methods.
Herein,
we
present
an
updated
image
with
emphasis
on
hypoxic
niche,
immune
microenvironment,
metabolism
acidic
innervated
mechanical
microenvironment.
We
then
summarize
conventional
drugs
including
aspirin,
celecoxib,
β-adrenergic
antagonist,
metformin,
statin
new
antitumor
application.
These
are
considered
as
viable
candidates
for
combination
therapy
due
their
activity
extensive
use
practice.
also
provide
our
outlook
directions
potential
applications
theory.
This
review
depicts
comprehensive
vivid
landscape
biology
treatment.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
33(38)
Published: Aug. 4, 2021
Abstract
Bacteria
are
one
of
the
main
groups
organisms,
which
dynamically
and
closely
participate
in
human
health
disease
development.
With
integration
chemical
biotechnology,
bacteria
have
been
utilized
as
an
emerging
delivery
system
for
various
biomedical
applications.
Given
unique
features
such
their
intrinsic
biocompatibility
motility,
bacteria‐based
systems
drawn
wide
interest
diagnosis
treatment
diseases,
including
cancer,
infectious
kidney
failure,
hyperammonemia.
Notably,
at
interface
biotechnology
bacteria,
many
research
opportunities
initiated,
opening
a
promising
frontier
application.
Herein,
current
synergy
design
principles
systems,
microbial
modulation,
clinical
translation
reviewed,
with
special
focus
on
advances
therapy.
Science Signaling,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
15(756)
Published: Oct. 18, 2022
The
tumor
microbiome
is
increasingly
implicated
in
cancer
progression
and
resistance
to
chemotherapy.
In
pancreatic
ductal
adenocarcinoma
(PDAC),
high
intratumoral
loads
of
Fusobacterium
nucleatum
correlate
with
shorter
survival
patients.
Here,
we
investigated
the
potential
mechanisms
underlying
this
association.
We
found
that
F.
infection
induced
both
normal
epithelial
cells
PDAC
secrete
increased
amounts
cytokines
GM-CSF,
CXCL1,
IL-8,
MIP-3α.
These
proliferation,
migration,
invasive
cell
motility
infected
noninfected
but
not
noncancerous
cells,
suggesting
autocrine
paracrine
signaling
cells.
This
phenomenon
occurred
response
regardless
strain
absence
immune
other
stromal
Blocking
GM-CSF
markedly
limited
proliferative
gains
after
infection.
Thus,
pancreas
elicits
cytokine
secretion
from
cancerous
promotes
phenotypes
associated
progression.
findings
support
importance
exploring
host-microbe
interactions
guide
future
therapeutic
interventions.
