International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(7), P. 6710 - 6710
Published: April 4, 2023
Cancer
is
one
of
the
leading
causes
death
in
world;
therefore,
extensive
research
has
been
dedicated
to
exploring
potential
therapeutics,
including
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs).
Initially,
programmed-death
ligand-1
was
biomarker
utilized
predict
efficacy
ICIs.
However,
its
heterogeneous
expression
tumor
microenvironment,
which
critical
cancer
progression,
promoted
exploration
mutation
burden
(TMB).
Research
various
cancers,
such
as
melanoma
and
lung
cancer,
shown
an
association
between
high
TMB
response
ICIs,
increasing
predictive
value.
failed
ICI
numerous
other
cancers.
Therefore,
future
needed
analyze
variations
types
establish
cutoffs
order
create
a
more
standardized
methodology
for
using
clinically.
In
this
review,
we
aim
explore
current
on
biomarker,
discuss
approaches
overcoming
immunoresistance
highlight
new
trends
field
liquid
biopsies,
next
generation
sequencing,
chimeric
antigen
receptor
T-cell
therapy,
personalized
vaccines.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Sept. 2, 2023
Immunotherapy
has
recently
emerged
as
a
treatment
strategy
which
stimulates
the
human
immune
system
to
kill
tumor
cells.
Tumor
immunotherapy
is
based
on
editing,
enhances
antigenicity
of
cells
and
increases
tumoricidal
effect
It
also
suppresses
immunosuppressive
molecules,
activates
or
restores
function,
anti-tumor
responses,
inhibits
growth
f
cell.
This
offers
possibility
reducing
mortality
in
triple-negative
breast
cancer
(TNBC).Immunotherapy
approaches
for
TNBC
have
been
diversified
recent
years,
with
breakthroughs
this
entity.
Research
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs)
made
it
possible
identify
different
molecular
subtypes
formulate
individualized
schedules.
review
highlights
unique
microenvironment
integrates
analyzes
advances
ICI
therapy.
discusses
strategies
combination
ICIs
chemotherapy,
radiation
therapy,
targeted
emerging
methods
such
nanotechnology,
ribonucleic
acid
vaccines,
gene
Currently,
numerous
ongoing
completed
clinical
trials
are
exploring
utilization
conjunction
existing
modalities
TNBC.
The
objective
these
investigations
assess
effectiveness
various
combined
determine
most
effective
regimens
patients
TNBC.This
provides
insights
into
used
overcome
drug
resistance
immunotherapy,
explores
directions
development
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(2), P. 294 - 294
Published: Jan. 20, 2023
Gut
microbes
and
their
metabolites
are
actively
involved
in
the
development
regulation
of
host
immunity,
which
can
influence
disease
susceptibility.
Herein,
we
review
most
recent
research
advancements
gut
microbiota–immune
axis.
We
discuss
detail
how
microbiota
is
a
tipping
point
for
neonatal
immune
as
indicated
by
newly
uncovered
phenomenon,
such
maternal
imprinting,
utero
intestinal
metabolome,
weaning
reaction.
describe
shapes
both
innate
adaptive
immunity
with
emphasis
on
short-chain
fatty
acids
secondary
bile
acids.
also
comprehensively
delineate
disruption
axis
results
immune-mediated
diseases,
gastrointestinal
infections,
inflammatory
bowel
cardiometabolic
disorders
(e.g.,
cardiovascular
diabetes,
hypertension),
autoimmunity
rheumatoid
arthritis),
hypersensitivity
asthma
allergies),
psychological
anxiety),
cancer
colorectal
hepatic).
further
encompass
role
fecal
transplantation,
probiotics,
prebiotics,
dietary
polyphenols
reshaping
therapeutic
potential.
Continuing,
examine
modulates
therapies,
including
checkpoint
inhibitors,
JAK
anti-TNF
therapies.
lastly
mention
current
challenges
metagenomics,
germ-free
models,
recapitulation
to
achieve
fundamental
understanding
regulates
immunity.
Altogether,
this
proposes
improving
immunotherapy
efficacy
from
perspective
microbiome-targeted
interventions.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Oct. 9, 2023
Abstract
Individual
variability
in
drug
response
(IVDR)
can
be
a
major
cause
of
adverse
reactions
(ADRs)
and
prolonged
therapy,
resulting
substantial
health
economic
burden.
Despite
extensive
research
pharmacogenomics
regarding
the
impact
individual
genetic
background
on
pharmacokinetics
(PK)
pharmacodynamics
(PD),
diversity
explains
only
limited
proportion
IVDR.
The
role
gut
microbiota,
also
known
as
second
genome,
its
metabolites
modulating
therapeutic
outcomes
human
diseases
have
been
highlighted
by
recent
studies.
Consequently,
burgeoning
field
pharmacomicrobiomics
aims
to
explore
correlation
between
microbiota
variation
IVDR
or
ADRs.
This
review
presents
an
up-to-date
overview
intricate
interactions
classical
agents
for
systemic
diseases,
including
cancer,
cardiovascular
(CVDs),
endocrine
others.
We
summarise
how
directly
indirectly,
modify
absorption,
distribution,
metabolism,
excretion
(ADME)
drugs.
Conversely,
drugs
modulate
composition
function
leading
changes
microbial
metabolism
immune
response.
discuss
practical
challenges,
strategies,
opportunities
this
field,
emphasizing
critical
need
develop
innovative
approach
multi-omics,
integrate
various
data
types,
genomic
data,
well
translate
lab
into
clinical
practice.
To
sum
up,
represents
promising
avenue
address
improve
patient
outcomes,
further
is
imperative
unlock
full
potential
precision
medicine.
Microorganisms,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
10(12), P. 2382 - 2382
Published: Nov. 30, 2022
Probiotics
and
synbiotics
are
used
to
treat
chronic
illnesses
due
their
roles
in
immune
system
modulation
anti-inflammatory
response.
They
have
been
shown
reduce
inflammation
a
number
of
immune-related
disorders,
including
systemic
lupus
erythematosus
(SLE),
human
immunodeficiency
virus
(HIV),
inflammatory
skin
conditions
such
as
psoriasis
atopic
dermatitis
(AD).
Akkermansia
muciniphila
(A.
muciniphila)
Faecalibacterium
prausnitzii
(F.
prausnitzii)
two
different
types
bacteria
that
play
significant
part
this
function.
It
has
established
abundant
normal
populations
protective
benefits
on
digestive
health
while
also
enhancing
the
system,
metabolism,
gut
barrier
host.
potential
be
therapeutic
target
diseases
connected
microbiota,
immunological
disorders
cancer
immunotherapy.
There
not
review
effects
Faecalibacterium,
particularly
diseases.
In
review,
we
highlight
most
recent
scientific
findings
regarding
A.
F.
microbiota
for
microbiome
alterations
seek
provide
cutting-edge
insight
terms
microbiome-targeted
therapies
promising
preventive
tools
Science Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(700)
Published: June 14, 2023
Immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs)
target
advanced
malignancies
with
high
efficacy
but
also
predispose
patients
to
immune-related
adverse
events
like
immune-mediated
colitis
(IMC).
Given
the
association
between
gut
bacteria
response
ICI
therapy
and
subsequent
IMC,
fecal
microbiota
transplantation
(FMT)
represents
a
feasible
way
manipulate
microbial
composition
in
patients,
potential
benefit
for
IMC.
Here,
we
present
large
case
series
of
12
refractory
IMC
who
underwent
FMT
from
healthy
donors
as
salvage
therapy.
All
had
grade
3
or
4
ICI-related
diarrhea
that
failed
respond
standard
first-line
(corticosteroids)
second-line
immunosuppression
(infliximab
vedolizumab).
Ten
(83%)
achieved
symptom
improvement
after
FMT,
three
(25%)
required
repeat
two
whom
no
response.
At
end
study,
92%
clinical
remission.
16
S
rRNA
sequencing
patient
stool
samples
revealed
compositional
differences
before
were
associated
complete
FMT.
Comparison
pre-
post-FMT
responses
showed
significant
increases
alpha
diversity
abundances
Collinsella
Bifidobacterium
,
which
depleted
responders
Histologically
evaluable
decreases
select
immune
cells
including
CD8
+
T
cells,
colon
when
compared
non-complete
(
n
=
4).
This
study
validates
an
effective
treatment
strategy
gives
insights
into
signatures
may
play
critical
role
Experimental Hematology and Oncology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: Sept. 28, 2023
Immunotherapy
has
emerged
as
an
effective
treatment
for
various
types
of
cancers.
Recent
studies
have
highlighted
a
significant
correlation
between
the
gut
microbiome
and
patients'
response
to
immunotherapy.
Several
characteristics
microbiome,
such
community
structures,
taxonomic
compositions,
molecular
functions,
been
identified
crucial
biomarkers
predicting
immunotherapy
immune-related
adverse
events
(irAEs).
Unlike
other
-omics,
can
serve
not
only
but
also
potential
targets
enhancing
efficacy
Approaches
modulating
include
probiotics/prebiotics
supplementation,
dietary
interventions,
fecal
microbiota
transplantation
(FMT),
antibiotic
administration.
This
review
primarily
focuses
on
elucidating
role
in
cancer
improving
its
efficacy.
Notably,
we
explore
reasons
behind
inconsistent
findings
observed
different
studies,
highlight
underlying
benefits
antibiotics
liver
Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
384(6694), P. 428 - 437
Published: April 25, 2024
A
role
for
vitamin
D
in
immune
modulation
and
cancer
has
been
suggested.
In
this
work,
we
report
that
mice
with
increased
availability
of
display
greater
immune-dependent
resistance
to
transplantable
cancers
augmented
responses
checkpoint
blockade
immunotherapies.
Similarly,
humans,
D-induced
genes
correlate
improved
inhibitor
treatment
as
well
immunity
overall
survival.
mice,
is
attributable
the
activity
on
intestinal
epithelial
cells,
which
alters
microbiome
composition
favor
