Longitudinal genomic profiling using liquid biopsies in metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC following first line immunotherapy

npj Precision Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Tumor genomic profiling is often limited to one or two timepoints due the invasiveness of tissue biopsies, but longitudinal may provide deeper clinical insights. Using ctDNA data from IMpower150 study, we examined genetic changes in metastatic non-squamous NSCLC post-first-line immunotherapy. Mutations were most frequently detected TP53, KRAS, SPTA1, FAT3, and LRP1B at baseline during treatment. Mutation levels rose prior radiographic progression progressing patients, with specific mutations (SPTA1, STK11, KEAP1, SMARCA4, TBX3, CDH2, MLL3) significantly enriched those nondurable response. However, ctDNA's role detecting hyperprogression pseudoprogression remains uncertain. SLT2, KEAP1 showed strongest correlation poorer overall survival, while correlated shorter progression-free survival. Overall, liquid biopsy provided valuable insights into lung cancer biology post-immunotherapy, potentially guiding personalized therapies future drug development.

Language: Английский

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Gene mutation, clinical characteristics and pathology in resectable lung adenocarcinoma

World Journal of Surgical Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

With the wide use of CT scan in clinical practice, more lung cancer was diagnosed resectable stage. Pathological examination and genetic testing have become a routine procedure for adenocarcinoma following radical resection. This study analyzed special pathological components gene mutations to explore their relationship with characteristics overall survival. Clinical, pathological, mutation data from 1,118 patients were collected. All underwent surgery at Department Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University. Patients grouped based on mutations. Differences features survival as well. mucinous, neuroendocrine, poor-differentiated presented prognostic risk factors, including pleural invasion, carcinothrombosis, STAS, advanced stages, along varying frequencies These factors significantly shortened ALK KRAS also associated such solid nodules, later stages. However, significant reduction observed only mutation. Relationship between still requires further investigation. Special (mucinous, poor-differentiated) had an influence biological behavior tumors, resulting different prognosis.

Language: Английский

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Osimertinib in the Treatment of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mutant Early and Locally Advanced Stages of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 668 - 668

Published: Feb. 16, 2025

The treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients was dramatically revolutionized by the introduction EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in clinical practice, both advanced and locally advanced/early stages. present work focuses on osimertinib use early NSCLC Phase 3 trials have supported as new standard care, adjuvant setting disease. ADAURA study reported an overall survival (OS) advantage for completely resected stage II-IIIA EGFR-mutant tumors, while LAURA proved a statistically significant benefit progression-free (PFS) delay central nervous system metastasis development treated with maintenance after concurrent chemoradiotherapy In neoadjuvant setting, data osimertinib’s efficacy are conflicting; therefore, Neo-ADAURA is evaluating safety alone or combination chemotherapy II-IIIB common mutations. We discuss several issues that need to be clarified, such drug uncommon mutations, long-term impact survival, management resistance mechanisms. Moreover, we report studies trying identify potential biomarkers response, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), aim selecting who will most from osimertinib.

Language: Английский

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Aktuelle Entwicklungen zu Liquid Biopsy beim Lungenkarzinom

InFo Hämatologie + Onkologie, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(1-2), P. 10 - 14

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

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Caractérisation moléculaire des cancers du poumon : mise au point et recommandations

Bulletin du Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 112(3), P. 3S16 - 3S23

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cancer liquid biopsies by Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing of cell-free DNA: from basic research to clinical applications

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

Liquid biopsies, in particular, analysis of cell-free DNA, are expected to revolutionize the current landscape cancer diagnostics and treatment. However, existing methods for cfDNA-based liquid biopsies have certain limitations, such as fragment interruption GC bias, which likely be resolved by emerging Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT), characterized long read-length, fast read-times, high throughput, polymerase chain reaction-free. In this review, we summarized literatures regarding feasibility applications using ONT management, a possible game-changer that believe is promising detecting multimodal biomarkers can applied wide range oncology utilities including early screening, diagnosis, treatment monitoring.

Language: Английский

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The Role of ctDNA in the Management of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the AI and NGS Era

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(24), P. 13669 - 13669

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Liquid biopsy (LB) involves the analysis of circulating tumour-derived DNA (ctDNA), providing a minimally invasive method for gathering both quantitative and qualitative information. Genomic ctDNA through next-generation sequencing (NGS) enables comprehensive genetic profiling tumours, including non-driver alterations that offer prognostic insights. LB can be applied in early-stage disease settings, diagnosis monitoring minimal residual (MRD), advanced treatment response understanding mechanisms behind progression tumour heterogeneity. Currently, has limited use clinical practice, primarily due to its significant costs, diagnostic yield, uncertain role. The application artificial intelligence (AI) medical field is promising approach processing extensive information applying it individual cases enhance therapeutic decision-making refine risk assessment.

Language: Английский

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A novel prediction model for the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer with clinical routine laboratory indicators: a machine learning approach

BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Nov. 18, 2024

Lung cancer is characterized by high morbidity and mortality due to the lack of practical early diagnostic prognostic tools. The present study uses machine learning algorithms construct a clinical predictive model for non-small cell lung (NSCLC) patients. Laboratory indices NSCLC patients at their initial visit were collected quality control exploratory analysis. By comparing levels above between survival death groups, statistically significant selected subsequent modeling. Ten then employed develop models with recurrence as outcomes, respectively. Moreover, regression constructed using random forest algorithm incorporating time dimension. Finally, critical variables in optimal screened based on interpretable build decision tree facilitate application. 682 enrolled according inclusion exclusion criteria. preliminary comparison results revealed that except fast blood glucose, CD3+T proportion, NK CA72-4, there statistical differences other tumor markers, inflammation, metabolism, immune-related groups (p < 0.01). Subsequently, incorporated into modeling evaluation. showed among ten status outcome, neural network obtained best performance, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, AUC, precision values 0.993, 0.987, 1.000, 0.994, corresponding SHAP16 top five terms importance interleukin6 (IL-6), soluble interleukin2 receptor (sIL-2R), cholesterol, CEA, Cy211, also confirmed role sIL-2R, IL-6 predicting prognosis A seven cut-off points three was eventually built exhibited ideal performance patients, important conducive rapid bedside assessment decision-making. There highly sensitive, specific, organ-specific biomarkers predict Compared traditional models, methods have incredibly specificity. Both classification value IL-6, CEA including explicit cutoff further provided

Language: Английский

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Elevated Serum Direct Bilirubin and Smoking Status Are Prognostic Factors for EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(23), P. 3982 - 3982

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes cancer-related death worldwide [...]

Language: Английский

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