Severe skin complications of varicella in previously healthy children in Iran: emerging concern

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 24, 2025

Varicella, commonly known as chickenpox, is typically considered a mild childhood illness but can lead to severe complications necessitating hospitalization. In Iran, the varicella-zoster vaccine not currently included in routine immunization schedule. This case series study aimed characterize skin of varicella children admitted an Iranian referral hospital. reviewed 17 pediatric cases hospitalized for and demographics data, clinical presentation, outcomes were collected. Between December 2023 March 2024, total 98 diagnosed with screened our hospital, which (17.3%) presented complications. Among analyzed, 82.3% males (n = 14) mean age 6.9 ± 3.9 years. Severe manifested across diverse anatomical sites, chest neck emerging most frequently affected areas. Cellulitis was consistent finding all cases, while abscess formation noted six instances. Particularly noteworthy necrotizing fasciitis localized thigh leg region, underscoring potential severity varicella-related Furthermore, we documented instance preseptal cellulitis linked zoster virus infection. Treatment involved local wound care, broad-spectrum antibiotics, surgical intervention cases. Bacterial cultures identified Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus 35.3% Our highlights spectrum underscores importance prompt recognition management prevent morbidity optimize outcomes. Further research analysis epidemiology Iran are essential evaluate benefits feasibility integrating into national program. Not applicable.

Language: Английский

Immunity to Varicella Zoster Virus in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2024)

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 1021 - 1021

Published: Sept. 6, 2024

Healthcare workers (HCWs) are occupationally exposed to varicella zoster virus (VZV), and their inappropriate vaccination status could contribute an outbreak involving both professionals the patients they care for, with a potential impact on general population. Therefore, since 2007, Advisory Committee Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends that all HCWs have evidence of immunity against varicella. The present meta-analysis was therefore designed collect available seronegative VZV among HCWs. PubMed, Scopus, Embase databases were searched without backward limit for articles reporting seroprevalence HCWs, meeting inclusion criteria included in random-effect model. From 1744 initial entries, total 58 quantitative analysis (publication range: 1988 2024), pooled sample 71,720 Moreover, studies reported data measles (N = 36,043 HCWs) rubella 22,086 HCWs). Eventually, estimated be 5.72% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 4.59 7.10) compared 6.91% CI 4.79 9.87) 7.21% (5.36 9.64) rubella, greater risk subjects younger than 30 years at time survey (risk ratio [RR] 1.434, 95% 1.172 1.756). Interestingly, medical history either infection/vaccination had low diagnostic performances (sensitivity 76.00%; specificity 60.12%; PPV 96.12% but PNV 18.64%). In summary, suggest newly hired increasingly affected by immunization rates also stressing importance systematically testing test components measles-pertussis-rubella-varicella vaccine.

Language: Английский

Incremental Effectiveness of Emergency Vaccination Against a Varicella Outbreak at an Elementary School in Beijing, China, 2019: An Observational Cohort Study

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 1184 - 1184

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

(1) Background: The effect of varicella emergency vaccination (EV) has not been fully evaluated. (2) Methods: This was a cohort study. Participants were categorized into five groups based on their immune status: unvaccinated group, first dose as EV one no second and two doses group. A Cox proportional hazards model employed to examine the association between measures incidence rate in this outbreak. (3) Results: Demographic characteristics, details, disease onset information 100% (918/918) collected. crude attack 44% (11/25), 8% (3/36), 11% (24/215), 3% (6/176), 2% (8/466) among group respectively. Compared vaccine demonstrated an incremental effectiveness 90% (95% CI 65-97%) 79% 47-92%), (4) Conclusions: Both contributed reducing rates offered outbreak setting. Our study underscores importance benefits initiating early reduce elementary school setting where there complete coverage occurred.

Language: Английский