Broadband Long Wavelength Light Promotes Myopic Eye Growth and Alters Retinal Responses to Light Offset in Chick

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 66(1), P. 30 - 30

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Purpose: Prolonged exposure to broadband light with a short-wavelength (blue) or long-wavelength (orange/red) bias is known impact eye growth and refraction, but the mechanisms underlying this response are unknown. Thus, present study investigated effects of blue orange lights well-differentiated spectrums on refractive development global flash electroretinography (gfERG) measures retinal function in chick myopia model. Methods: Chicks were raised for 4 days monocular negative lenses, no lens, under blue, orange, white light. Chick weight, dimensions, refraction measured at conclusion rearing. In separate cohort chicks, effect colored rearing responses flashes was assessed using gfERG. Results: reared exhibited significantly larger myopic shift lenses compared those Orange increased gfERG d-wave amplitude implicit time did not alter flashes. Blue affect retina's any color. Conclusions: exacerbated defocus-induced relative The recordings revealed that prolonged responsivity offset long wavelength flashes, suggesting potential role ON/OFF pathway balance generating requires further electrophysiological molecular investigation.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of Myopia Prevention in At-Risk Children: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1665 - 1665

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of myopia prevention methods in children without pre-existing myopia. Methods: A network meta-analysis was conducted following PRISMA-NMA guidelines. Comprehensive searches were performed PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases. The analysis focused on randomized controlled trials evaluating strategies prior Primary outcomes included annual changes refraction axial length, while secondary encompassed incidence adverse events. Effect sizes reported as risk ratios (RR) or mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Data synthesis utilized a random-effects model under frequentist framework, intervention ranked by P-scores. Study quality assessed using risk-of-bias tool, robustness ensured via sensitivity consistency analyses. Results: Low-level red light therapy low-dose atropine most effective interventions for reducing refractive progression (MD: 0.48 D, CI: 0.38–0.59 D; MD: 0.33 0.23–0.43 D) elongation −0.23 mm, −0.27 to −0.19 mm; −0.12 −0.16 −0.08 mm). In addition, both significantly lowered (RR: 0.59, 0.45–0.79; RR: 0.55, 0.41–0.75). Outdoor activities awareness programs demonstrated moderate efficacy. Adverse events, including photophobia dry eyes, minor self-limiting, no serious complications reported. Conclusions: are effective, generally safe preventing at-risk myopia, non-invasive approach, outdoor activities, provides benefits.

Language: Английский

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Light inhibits lens-induced myopia through an intensity-dependent dopaminergic mechanism

Ophthalmology Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100779 - 100779

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Optical influence of myopia control spectacles at the retinal level: Effect of local light modulation

Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 12, 2025

To investigate the influence of light modulation conferred by current designs myopia control spectacles on retinal sensitivity. Retinal sensitivity and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) fundus images were obtained from nine healthy subjects using a Macular Integrity Assessment microperimeter with spectacle lenses: MyoCare, Stellest, MiYOSMART DOT. Respectively powered single vision lenses 0.8-grade Bangerter occlusion foil (BF) served as comparative controls. Using SLO image, one can visualise areas various lens at level retina. Clear zone sizes differ between designs, DOT having smallest area. in local was not reduced for Stellest MyoCare lenses, but declined lens, suggesting more prominent modulation. The produced significant reduction overall sensitivity, although BF greater. In all instances, remained well above range considered normal None tested clinically relevant scored significantly better than lowest (that is, 0.8) grade BF. Given that do show consistent treatment effects required to slow progression effectively over extended periods, there appears be subtle, yet crucial difference spatial among these lenses. Seemingly similar cannot assumed have equivalent effects; thorough assessment nuances is essential ensure accurate claims regarding their long-term efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Clinical evaluation of MyoCare in Europe (CEME) for myopia management: One‐year results

Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 29, 2025

Abstract Aims To evaluate the efficacy of CARE spectacle lenses in slowing myopia progression among European children. Methods In a 2‐year randomised, parallel‐group, double‐masked, multicentre clinical trial, 234 children aged 6–13 years were enrolled. All participants myopic, with cycloplegic spherical equivalent refractive error (SE) between −0.75 D and −5.00 D, astigmatism ≤1.50 anisometropia ≤1.00 at least 0.50 previous year. The treatment group received MyoCare cylinder annular elements (CARE), control single‐vision (SVL). Axial length (AL) SE measured baseline, 6 12 months. Wearability questionnaires administered 1 week 3 Central peripheral visual acuity (VA) was recorded dispensing after Generalised linear models estimated changes AL, adjusting for lens type, age baseline measurements. Results After months, wearing showed less progression, difference AL (compared to SVL) −0.21 (CI: 0.10 0.32 D) 0.14 mm −0.17 −0.10 mm), respectively. VA did not decrease lenses. Peripheral decreased by 0.09 logMAR nasal temporal zones, Analysis fast progressors indicated that 39.7% SVL eyes progressed ≤−0.50 D/year compared 21.1% ( p < 0.01). For 56.0% had an elongation ≥0.20 21.3% Conclusions children, significantly slower year wear. Further monitoring will provide comprehensive evaluation long‐term efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Retinal “sweet spot” for myopia treatment

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Nov. 5, 2024

We studied which retinal area controls short-term axial eye shortening when human subjects were exposed to + 3.0D monocular defocus. A custom-built infrared tracker recorded the point of fixation while watched a movie at 2 m distance. The software accessed each individual frame in real-time and covered points with uniform grey patch. Four patches programmed: (1) foveal patch (0–3 degrees), (2) annular (3–9 deg), (3) deg) combined an (6–9 (4) full-field where only 6–10 deg Axial was elicited similarly positive defocus patch, indicating that fovea made minor contribution (-11 ± 12 μm vs. -14 17 μm, respectively, n.s.). In contrast, patching 3–9 degrees or together 6–9 degrees, completely suppressed effect compared (+ 3 1 -2 13 -11 p < 0.001). Finally, we found near-peripheral retina (6–10 degrees) is "sweet spot" for detection alone can regulate growth control mechanism, perhaps long-term refractive development (-9 8 full-field:

Language: Английский

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Refractive development II: Modelling normal and myopic eye growth

Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 120 - 134

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

During refractive development, eye growth is controlled by a combination of genetically pre-programmed processes and retinal feedback to minimise the error. This work presents basic differential model how this process may take place.

Language: Английский

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Myopia control strategies: A systematic review and meta‐meta‐analysis

Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 160 - 176

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

Abstract Purpose To summarise pooled estimates of the efficacies various myopia control interventions, as drawn from published meta‐analyses. Method PubMed, SCOPUS and Web Science were searched inception to February 2024 for systematic reviews meta‐analyses reporting treatment effects strategies. The qualities included assessed using 16‐item A MeaSurement Tool Assess Reviews ( AMSTAR ) 2. An intervention was defined having a clinically significant effect if it resulted in change spherical equivalent refraction (SER) ≥0.50 D/year or axial length (AL) ≤−0.18 mm/year. Results total 38 studies identified. overall respective changes SER AL, mean difference (95% CI) high‐concentration (≥0.5%) atropine 0.67 D (0.58–0.77) −0.24 mm (−0.36 −0.11); moderate‐concentration (>0.05% <0.5%) 0.48 (0.34–0.62) −0.23 (−0.27 −0.19); low‐concentration (0.01%, 0.025%, 0.05%) 0.33 (0.23–0.43) −0.14 (−0.19 −0.09); orthokeratology −0.47 (−0.66 −0.28); peripheral plus soft contact lenses 0.30 (0.18–0.42) −0.35 (−0.62 −0.08); spectacles 0.77 (0.40–1.14) −0.43 (−0.78 multifocal 0.21 (0.11–0.31); repeated low‐level red light therapy 0.55 (0.46–0.65) −0.25 (−0.29 −0.20); outdoor time 0.17 (0.16–0.18) −0.04 (−0.06 −0.01). Conclusion High moderate concentrations atropine, orthokeratology, demonstrated on slowing AL elongation, while high progression.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic BMP gene expression regulation in chick RPE during recovery from short term optical defocus and form-deprivation

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(10), P. e0311505 - e0311505

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

Purpose This study investigated the differential gene expression of BMPs in chick retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) during recovery from short term exposure to optical defocus and form-deprivation (FD) treatments. Methods 14-day old White-Leghorn chicks wore either monocular +10 or -10 D lenses, diffusers for 2 48 h, after which eyes were allowed unobstructed vision up 96 h. Over this period, refractive errors choroidal thickness (ChT) tracked using retinoscopy high-frequency A-scan ultrasonography. Real-time PCR was used examine BMP2, 4, 7 genes RPE samples collected 0, 15 min, 2, 24, 48, h termination Expression levels treated their contralateral control compared. Results After lens diffuser treatments, gradually recovered induced shifts error. With all three ChT changes reached statistical significance treatment, be it thinning with treatments (-0.06 ± 0.03mm, p < 0.05; -0.11 0.04 mm, 0.05, resp.), thickening (0.31 0.001). BMP2 rapidly upregulated wearing lens, being as well treatment. latter pattern persisted min into before decreasing same level that eyes, a short-lived rebound, i.e., upregulation, 24 period. longer, decreased more gradually, 739 121% at end treatment 72 14% recovery. Two both FD resulted downregulation, time taken fully recover varying duration initial In cases, downregulation but reversed upregulation by Similar patterns also observed BMP4, although smaller. Conclusions The BMP imply dynamic, albeit complex regulation, critical variables types visual manipulations. provides further evidence role an important signal relay linking retina choroid sclera eye growth regulation.

Language: Английский

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Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia

Bioelectronic Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Nov. 4, 2024

Abstract The protective effects of time spent outdoors emphasize the major role daylight in myopia. Based on pathophysiology myopia, impact blue light stimulation signaling cascade, from melanopsin at blind spot to clinically relevant biomarkers for was investigated. Parameters and site are mainly defined by photopigment melanopsin, that is sensitive with a peak wavelength 480 nm localized intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) whose axons converge optic disc, corresponding physiological spot. Blue (BluSpot) provides opportunity activate vast majority ipRGC avoids additional involvement rods cones which may exert incalculable cascade. Experimental studies have applied anatomical, histochemical, electrophysiological, imaging, psychophysical methods unravel mode action BluSpot stimulation. Results indicate activation improvement contrast sensitivity, gain electrical activity, increase choroidal thickness following Short-term changes lead hypothesis antimyopic long-term application.

Language: Английский

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