Membranes,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 35 - 35
Published: Jan. 27, 2024
Membrane
fouling
presents
a
significant
challenge
in
the
treatment
of
wastewater.
Several
detection
methods
have
been
used
to
interpret
membrane
processes.
Compared
with
other
analysis
and
methods,
atomic
force
microscopy
(AFM)
is
widely
because
its
advantages
liquid-phase
situ
3D
imaging,
ability
measure
interactive
forces,
mild
testing
conditions.
Although
AFM
has
study
fouling,
current
literature
not
fully
explored
potential.
This
review
aims
uncover
provide
new
perspective
on
application
technology
future
studies
fouling.
Initially,
rigorous
was
conducted
morphology,
roughness,
interaction
forces
characterization
membranes
foulants.
Then,
process
changing
factors
reviewed
based
measurement
capability,
it
found
that
changes
ionic
conditions,
pH,
voltage,
even
time
can
cause
morphology
forces.
Existing
models
are
then
discussed,
role
predicting
these
presented.
Finally,
potential
improved
techniques
be
applied
field
underestimated.
In
this
paper,
we
elucidated
potentials
presented
challenges
directions
for
development
an
attempt
insights
into
field.
Water,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
13(10), P. 1369 - 1369
Published: May 14, 2021
Reverse
osmosis
is
the
leading
technology
for
desalination
of
brackish
water
and
seawater,
important
solving
growing
problems
fresh
supply.
Thermal
technologies
such
as
multi-effect
distillation
multi-stage
flash
still
comprise
an
portion
world’s
capacity.
They
consume
substantial
amounts
energy,
generally
obtained
from
fossil
fuels,
due
to
their
low
efficiency.
Hybridization
a
strategy
that
seeks
reduce
weaknesses
enhance
advantages
each
element
makes
it
up.
This
paper
introduces
review
most
recent
publications
on
hybridizations
between
reverse
thermal
technologies,
well
integration
with
renewable
energies
requirement
decarbonize
processes.
Different
configurations
provide
improvements
in
key
elements
system
energy
consumption,
brine
production,
contamination,
while
improving
product
quality
production
rate.
A
combination
sources
use
storage
systems
allow
reliability
hybrid
systems.
