Catalysts,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(2), P. 159 - 159
Published: Feb. 9, 2025
In
recent
years,
efforts
have
been
made
in
developing
new
and
more
efficient
water
purification
methods
the
synthesis
of
catalysts
with
greater
catalytic
activity
that
are
stable
can
be
used
wide
pH
ranges.
Pillared
clays
represent
a
viable
alternative
for
removing
organic
contaminants.
The
clays,
usually
smectites,
modified
by
inserting
inorganic
pillars
(Al,
Zr,
Cr,
Fe,
Ti,
Ga,
Mn)
between
layers
clay,
increasing
its
surface
area,
porosity,
activity,
thermal
stability.
This
review
describes
importance
using
pillared
different
polyoxycations
Fenton,
photo-Fenton,
ozonation,
wet
oxidation
hydrogen
peroxide,
photocatalysis
processes.
iron
(Fe-PILCs)
promising
capable
generating
hydroxyl
radicals
oxidize
contaminants,
thus
facilitating
their
removal.
current
challenges
PILC
application
at
industrial
scale
also
discussed.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: March 5, 2024
Abstract
Activated
carbon
(AC)
and
ZnO@AC
composite
derived
from
wood
sawdust
were
prepared
to
be
utilized
as
adsorbents
for
methyl
red
(MR)
orange
(MO)
anionic
dyes
the
aqueous
solutions.
The
maximum
adsorption
capacity
of
AC
toward
both
was
achieved
in
strong
acidic
medium
(pH
=
3),
under
stirring
60
min.
kinetic
studies
revealed
that
MR
MO
onto
fitted
well
with
pseudo-second-order
model.
Furthermore,
intraparticle
diffusion
Elovich
models
confirmed
is
controlled
by
external
surfaces,
chemisorption
process.
isotherm
results
indicated
dye
occurred
via
monolayer
adsorption,
estimated
capacities
higher
than
those
AC.
Thermodynamic
analysis
suggested
endothermic
spontaneous.
mechanism
MR,
proposed
electrostatic
bonding,
π–π
interactions,
ion
exchange,
while
H-bonding
n–π
interactions
minor
contributors.
This
study
reveals
potential
use
carbon-based
removal
wastewater.
Heliyon,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(9), P. e30402 - e30402
Published: April 28, 2024
Advanced
oxidation
processes
(AOPs)
are
a
growing
research
field
with
large
variety
of
different
process
variants
and
materials
being
tested
at
laboratory
scale.
However,
despite
extensive
in
recent
years
decades,
many
have
not
been
transitioned
to
pilot-
full-scale
operation.
One
major
concern
the
inconsistent
experimental
approaches
applied
across
studies
that
impede
identification,
comparison,
upscaling
most
promising
AOPs.
The
aim
this
tutorial
review
is
streamline
future
on
development
new
solutions
for
advanced
by
providing
guidance
comparable
scalable
experiments.
We
discuss
developments
catalytic,
ozone-based,
radiation-driven,
other
AOPs,
outline
perspectives
needs.
Since
standardized
procedures
available
we
propose
basic
rules
key
parameters
lab-scale
evaluation
AOPs
including
selection
suitable
probe
compounds
scavengers
measurement
(major)
reactive
species.
A
two-phase
approach
assess
AOP
concepts
proposed,
consisting
(i)
proof-of-concept
(technology
readiness
levels
(TRL)
1-3),
followed
(ii)
intended
water
matrix
cost
comparison
an
established
process,
applying
such
as
UV
fluence
or
ozone
consumption
(TRL
3-5).
Subsequent
demonstration
6-7)
briefly
discussed,
too.
Finally,
highlight
important
tools
thorough
mechanistic
risk
assessment
screening
transformation
products
should
be
based
chemical
logic
combined
complementary
(mass
balance,
calculations).
