Short-cut
biological
nitrogen
removal
(sBNR)
favors
the
paradigm
shift
toward
energy-positive
and
carbon-neutral
wastewater
treatment
processes.
Partial
nitrification
(PN)
is
a
key
approach
to
provide
nitrite
for
anammox
or
denitritation
during
sBNR,
its
stability
precondition
achieving
robust
performance.
However,
maintaining
stable
mainstream
PN
process
has
been
long-standing
challenge.
This
review
analyzes
from
microbial
ecology
perspective,
focusing
on
niche
differentiation
among
nitrifiers.
First,
we
propose
that
systems
are
ecologically
unstable,
failure
of
due
reactivation
nitrite-oxidizing
bacteria
(NOB)
can
be
regarded
as
behavior
restore
system
stabilization.
Thus,
primarily
relies
enhancing
between
ammonia-oxidizing
(AOB)
NOB.
We
then
summarize
realized
niches
indigenous
nitrifiers
within
discuss
their
ecophysiological
characteristics
(e.g.,
cell
structure
substrate
affinity)
define
specific
ecological
niches.
By
comparing
breadths
AOB
NOB
various
axes,
further
identify
different
responses
(resistance)
(resilience)
exogenous
perturbations.
Finally,
outlook
through
an
lens.
provides
insights
into
instability
process,
which
intended
guide
derivation
optimized
strategies
single-factor
integrated
solutions.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
57(51), P. 21503 - 21526
Published: Dec. 14, 2023
Innovation
in
decarbonizing
wastewater
treatment
is
urgent
response
to
global
climate
change.
The
practical
implementation
of
anaerobic
ammonium
oxidation
(anammox)
treating
domestic
the
key
reconciling
carbon-neutral
management
with
sustainable
development.
Nitrite
availability
prerequisite
anammox
reaction,
but
how
achieve
robust
nitrite
supply
and
accumulation
for
mainstream
systems
remains
elusive.
This
work
presents
a
state-of-the-art
review
on
recent
advances
anammox,
paying
special
attention
available
pathways
(forward-going
(from
nitrite)
backward-going
nitrate
nitrite)),
controlling
strategies,
physiological
ecological
characteristics
functional
microorganisms
involved
supply.
First,
we
comprehensively
assessed
nitrite-oxidizing
bacteria
control
methods,
outlining
that
these
technologies
are
transitioning
possessing
multiple
selective
pressures
(such
as
intermittent
aeration
membrane-aerated
biological
reactor),
integrating
side
stream
free
ammonia/free
nitrous
acid
suppression
recirculated
sludge
treatment),
maintaining
high
activity
ammonia-oxidizing
competing
oxygen
bacteria.
We
then
highlight
emerging
strategies
supply,
including
production
driven
by
novel
microbes
(ammonia-oxidizing
archaea
complete
ammonia
bacteria)
reduction
(partial
denitrification
nitrate-dependent
methane
oxidation).
resources
requirement
different
analyzed,
hybrid
pathway
combining
partial
nitrification
encouraged.
Moreover,
data-driven
modeling
process
well
proactive
microbiome
proposed
hope
achieving
application.
Finally,
existing
challenges
further
perspectives
highlighted,
i.e.,
investigation
nitrite-supplying
bacteria,
scaling-up
from
laboratory
under
real
conditions,
stable
performance
fundamental
insights
this
aim
inspire
advance
our
understanding
about
provide
robustly
shed
light
important
obstacles
warranting
settlement.
