Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 19, 2024
This
research
centered
on
the
novel
pyrimidinedione
herbicide,
tiafenacil.
Residues
of
tiafenacil
and
its
three
photolysis
products
(PP1
to
PP3)
in
water
were
analyzed
using
advanced
QuEChERS
UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS
techniques,
reaching
a
low
limit
quantitation
(LOQ)
10
μg/L.
Calibration
curves
exhibited
high
degree
linearity
(R2
≥
0.993)
over
concentration
range
0.01
1.00
mg/L.
Method
validation
demonstrated
precision,
with
intraday
relative
standard
deviation
RSDr
≤7.9%
interday
RSDR
≤
6.1%,
along
accuracy
(recoveries
from
94.4%
105.0%).
Using
density
functional
theory
(DFT)
at
B3LYP/6-311g
(d)
level,
we
calculated
electronic
properties
PPs
PP3).
Additionally,
frontier
molecular
orbital
(FMO)
fukui
function
analyses
conducted
explore
HOMO–LUMO
energies,
determine
energy
band
gaps
for
these
substances,
predict
reactive
sites
their
electrophilic,
nucleophilic,
radical
reactions.
Significantly,
ecotoxicity
assessment,
including
ECOSAR
predictions
acute
toxicity
tests,
revealed
that
higher
aquatic
organisms
than
Field
experiments
showed
half-life
18.9
days
water,
fitting
first-order
kinetic
model
=
0.999),
degradation
41.5%
after
14
approximately
89.2%
60
days.
study
significantly
advances
our
understanding
tiafenacil's
environmental
fate,
evaluates
associated
risks,
offers
valuable
insights
responsible
application.
Critical Reviews in Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
54(9), P. 659 - 684
Published: Sept. 3, 2024
This
article
aims
to
provide
a
comprehensive
critical,
yet
readable,
review
of
general
interest
the
chemistry
community
on
molecular
similarity
as
applied
chemical
informatics
and
predictive
modeling
with
special
focus
read-across
(RA)
structure-activity
relationships
(RASAR).
Molecular
similarity-based
computational
tools,
such
quantitative
(QSARs)
RA,
are
routinely
used
fill
data
gaps
for
wide
range
properties
including
toxicity
endpoints
regulatory
purposes.
will
explore
background
RA
starting
from
how
structural
information
has
been
through
other
contexts
physicochemical,
absorption,
distribution,
metabolism,
elimination
(ADME)
properties,
biological
aspects
being
characterized.
More
recent
developments
RA's
integration
QSAR
have
resulted
in
emergence
novel
models
ToxRead,
generalized
(GenRA),
RASAR
(q-RASAR).
Conventional
techniques
excluded
this
except
where
necessary
context.
Acute
oral
toxicity
is
currently
not
available
for
most
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons
(PAHs),
especially
their
derivatives,
because
it
cost-prohibitive
to
experimentally
determine
all
of
them.
Here,
quantitative
structure–activity
relationship
(QSAR)
models
using
machine
learning
(ML)
predicting
the
PAH
derivatives
were
developed,
based
on
data
points
788
individual
substances
rats.
Both
ML
algorithm
gradient
boosting
regression
trees
(GBRT)
and
stacking
(extreme
+
GBRT
random
forest
regression)
provided
best
prediction
results
with
satisfactory
determination
coefficients
both
cross-validation
test
set.
It
was
found
that
those
fewer
polar
hydrogens,
more
large-sized
atoms,
branches,
lower
polarizability
have
higher
toxicity.
Software
optimal
ML-QSAR
model
successfully
developed
expand
application
potential
model,
obtaining
reliable
pLD50
values
reference
doses
6893
external
derivatives.
Among
these
chemicals,
472
identified
as
moderately
or
highly
toxic;
10
out
them
had
clear
environment
detection
use
records.
The
findings
provide
valuable
insights
into
PAHs
offering
a
standard
platform
effectively
evaluating
chemical
models.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Jan. 4, 2025
We
have
adopted
the
classification
Read-Across
Structure–Activity
Relationship
(c-RASAR)
approach
in
present
study
for
machine-learning
(ML)-based
model
development
from
a
recently
reported
curated
dataset
of
nephrotoxicity
potential
orally
active
drugs.
initially
developed
ML
models
using
nine
different
algorithms
separately
on
topological
descriptors
(referred
to
as
simply
"descriptors"
subsequent
sections
manuscript)
and
MACCS
fingerprints
"fingerprints"
manuscript),
thus
generating
18
QSAR
models.
Using
chemical
spaces
defined
by
modeling
fingerprints,
similarity
error-based
RASAR
were
computed,
most
discriminating
used
develop
another
set
c-RASAR
All
36
cross-validated
20
times
with
fivefold
cross-validation
strategy,
their
predictivity
was
checked
test
data.
A
multi-criteria
decision-making
strategy
–
Sum
Ranking
Differences
(SRD)
approach—was
identify
best-performing
based
robustness
external
validation
parameters.
This
statistical
analysis
suggested
that
had
an
overall
good
performance,
while
also
(LDA
derived
descriptors,
MCC
values
0.229
0.431
training
sets,
respectively).
screen
true
data
prepared
known
nephrotoxic
compounds
DrugBankDB,
demonstrating
predictivity.
Cheminformatics
and
Machine
Learning
(ML)
have
seen
exponential
progress
in
the
last
decade,
field
of
chemical
risk
assessment,
due
to
their
efficiency,
accuracy,
reliability.
The
constant
evolution
New
Approach
Methodologies
(NAM)
has
inspired
researchers
around
globe
deviate
from
conventional
approaches
adopt
or
develop
new,
“unconventional”
methods.
classification
Read-Across
Structure-Activity
Relationship
(c-RASAR)
is
an
unconventional
approach
that
utilizes
similarity
error-based
information
nearest
neighboring
compounds
into
a
modeling
framework,
resulting
enhanced
predictivity.
Although
this
technique
so
far
been
applied
molecular
descriptors,
we
present
study
on
fingerprints
along
with
descriptors
for
ML-based
model
development
recently
reported
highly
curated
set
orally
active
nephrotoxic
drugs.
We
initially
developed
ML
models
using
nine
different
linear
non-linear
algorithms
separately
MACCS
fingerprints,
thus
generating
18
QSAR
models.
Using
spaces
defined
by
RASAR
were
computed,
most
discriminating
used
another
c-RASAR
All
36
cross-validated
20
times
5-fold
cross-validation
strategy,
predictivity
was
checked
test
data.
A
multi-criteria
decision-making
strategy
–
Sum
Ranking
Differences
(SRD)
-
adopted
identify
best-performing
based
robustness
external
validation
parameters.
This
statistical
analysis
suggested
had
overall
good
performance,
while
also
model.
screen
true
data
prepared
known
DrugBankDB.
These
results
showed
our
efficiently
identifies
compounds.
t-SNE
analyses
descriptor
inferred
encode
information,
as
evident
tight
distinct
clustering
points.
Additionally,
corresponding
potential
activity
cliffs
ARKA
framework.