Advances and prospects of orchid research and industrialization

Horticulture Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Orchidaceae is one of the largest, most diverse families in angiosperms with significant ecological and economical values. Orchids have long fascinated scientists by their complex life histories, exquisite floral morphology pollination syndromes that exhibit exclusive specializations, more than any other plants on Earth. These intrinsic factors together human influences also make it a keystone group biodiversity conservation. The advent sequencing technologies transgenic techniques represents quantum leap orchid research, enabling molecular approaches to be employed resolve historically interesting puzzles basic applied biology. To date, 16 different genomes covering four subfamilies (Apostasioideae, Vanilloideae, Epidendroideae, Orchidoideae) been released. genome projects given rise massive data greatly empowers studies pertaining key innovations evolutionary mechanisms for breadth species. extensive exploration transcriptomics, comparative genomics, recent advances gene engineering linked important traits orchids multiplicity regulating networks, providing great potential genetic enhancement improvement. In this review, we summarize progress achievement fundamental research industrialized application particular focus tools, future prospects breeding post-genomic comprehensive assemblage state art knowledge industrialization.

Language: Английский

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Genomic evidence reveals high genetic diversity in a narrowly distributed species and natural hybridization risk with a widespread species in the genus Geodorum

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: June 14, 2023

Understanding genetic diversity is a core issue in conservation genetics. However, previous evaluations of narrowly distributed species have rarely used closely related widespread as reference. Furthermore, identifying natural hybridization signals between and widely sympatric great importance for the development programs.

Language: Английский

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Flow cytometry and cytological studies reveal consecutive rounds of strict partial genome duplications and endomitosis in cellular nuclei from vegetative organs of seeded Dactylorhiza majalis (subfamily Orchidoideae)

Biologia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

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A chromosome-level Dendrobium moniliforme genome assembly reveals the regulatory mechanisms of flavonoid and carotenoid biosynthesis pathways

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Centenary Progress on Orchidaceae Research: A Bibliometric Analysis

Genes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 336 - 336

Published: March 13, 2025

Background: Research on orchids has experienced substantial growth since the early 20th century, reflecting their ecological and evolutionary significance. Methods: This paper provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of orchid-related literature published between 1902 2024, based data retrieved from Web Science Core Collection™ (WoS). Results: The primary goal is to assess global research landscape by identifying key authors, institutions, journals, as well major themes in field. A thorough publication trends, citation frequencies, keyword co-occurrence networks was conducted uncover significant hotspots. findings indicate that orchid evolved foundational topics such taxonomy classification more intricate subjects, including conservation strategies, orchid-pollinator dynamics, role ecosystem functions. Additionally, biotechnology-related emerging dominant trend. study also highlights China highest output, while collaboration United States Europe continues grow. co-word keywords suggests future likely continue focus conservation, impacts climate change, pollination biology, symbiotic relationships with mycorrhizal fungi. Conclusions: review offers valuable insights for researchers conservationists, helping identify priorities strategies preservation sustainable use orchids.

Language: Английский

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Comparative transcriptome profiling of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) capsule development provides insights of vanillin biosynthesis

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 18, 2025

Abstract Background Vanillin is the most abundant volatile compound in natural vanilla extract and primary metabolite from an economic perspective. Natural second expensive spice world profitable crop adapted to warm tropics. Despite its global popularity, mainly cultivated vegetatively propagated clones insufficient modern plant breeding has been achieved. One of objectives increase vanillin concentration cured capsules. The biosynthesis pathway not thoroughly deciphered multiple hypotheses are considered. Results A comparative transcriptomic approach between two accessions with contrasting content was used fill knowledge gaps on identify potential candidate genes affecting accumulation. Out 59,128 known vanilla, putative positive negative regulators that influence accumulation through modulation, precursor sequestration or enzymatic efficiency were identified. Differentially expressed identified using three specific comparisons accession, tissue type developmental stage capsule. Each comparison analyzed separately focusing specifically accession contrast. BLAST annotation differentially provided protein identities mapped prominent biosynthetic pathways proposed by previous studies. Conclusion Enzymes lignin found be negatively correlated There 656 shared among all included β-glucosidase, cytochrome P450 PAL amongst others. These results gene targets could lead higher

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide characterization of PAL, C4H, and 4CL genes regulating the phenylpropanoid pathway in Vanilla planifolia

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 28, 2025

Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) and 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) genes encodes the enzymes catalyzing steps of phenylpropanoid pathway which is responsible for biosynthesis a diverse range therapeutically important phenylpropanoids. In present study, identification characterization PAL, C4H 4CL gene family in an economically medicinally orchid species, Vanilla planifolia was done. Six two five proteins have been identified planifolia. All amino acid residues related to enzymatic activity were found be conserved all proteins. Subcellular localization VplPAL, VplC4H Vpl4CL predicted their location cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum peroxisome, respectively. Alpha helices random coils predominated secondary structure these Gene analysis showed presence introns while PAL had one four present, respectively majority members. The promoter sequences cis-regulatory elements regulated by light, plant growth development, phytohormones abiotic biotic stress conditions. Expression profiling revealed variable relative expression various vegetative reproductive tissues, suggesting overall role development.

Language: Английский

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In-depth analysis of genomes and functional genomics of orchid using cutting-edge high-throughput sequencing

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 23, 2022

High-throughput sequencing technology has been facilitated the development of new methodologies and approaches for studying origin evolution plant genomes subgenomes, population domestication, functional genomics. Orchids have tens thousands members in nature. Many them promising application potential extension conservation ecological chain, horticultural use ornamental blossoms, utilization botanical medicines. However, a large-scale gene knockout mutant library sophisticated genetic transformation system are still lacking improvement orchid germplasm resources. New editing tools, such as favored CRISPR-Cas9 or some base editors, not yet widely applied orchids. In addition to large variety cultivars, high-precision, high-throughput genome is also required mining trait-related genes. Nowadays, focus genomics research directed classification species, deletion, duplication chromosomal polyploidy, flower morphogenesis-related regulation. Here, progressing achieved molecular biology over past few decades discussed, including size polyploidization. The frequent incorporation LTR retrotransposons play important role expansion structural variation genome. event nuclear generated plenty recently tandem duplicated genes, which drove divergency loss plastid genome, mostly affected genes related photosynthesis autotrophy, demonstrated that orchids experienced more separate transitions heterotrophy than any other terrestrial plant. Moreover, resequencing provide useful SNP markers constructing maps, will facilitate breeding novel varieties. significance technologies identification provides us with representative trait-improving well mechanisms worthy further investigation. addition, promise investigation function. This knowledge may scientific reference theoretical basis studies.

Language: Английский

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Vanilla

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

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A comprehensive review on genomic resources in medicinally and industrially important major spices for future breeding programs: Status, utility and challenges

Current Research in Food Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7, P. 100579 - 100579

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

In the global market, spices possess a high-value but low-volume commodities of commerce. The food industry depends largely on for taste, flavor, and therapeutic properties in replacement cheap synthetic ones. estimated growth rate demand world is ∼3.19%. Since grow limited geographical regions, India one leading producer spices, contributing 25–30 percent total trade. Hitherto, there has been no comprehensive review genomic resources industrially important major medicinal to overcome impediments varietal improvement management. This focuses currently available 24 commercially significant namely, Ajwain, Allspice, Asafoetida, Black pepper, Cardamom large, small, Celery, Chillies, Cinnamon, Clove, Coriander, Cumin, Curry leaf, Dill seed, Fennel, Fenugreek, Garlic, Ginger, Mint, Nutmeg, Saffron, Tamarind, Turmeric Vanilla. advent low-cost sequencing machines contributed immensely voluminous data generation these cracking complex architecture, marker discovery, understanding comparative functional genomics. spice genomics concludes perspective way forward provide footprints by uncovering genome assemblies, re-sequencing projects, transcriptome-based studies, non-coding RNA-mediated regulation, organelles-based resources, developed molecular markers, web databases AI-directed candidate enhanced breeding potential them. Further, their integration with could be immense use formulating strategy protect expand production due increased demand.

Language: Английский

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