Differential expression of some termite neuropeptides and insulin/IGF-related hormones and their plausible functions in growth, reproduction and caste determination

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. e15259 - e15259

Published: April 26, 2023

Background Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and other insulin-like peptides (ilps) are important hormones regulating development in animals. Whereas most animals have a single female male adult phenotype, some insect species the same genome may lead to different final forms. Perhaps best known example is honeybee where females can either develop into queens or workers. More extreme forms of such polyphenism occur termites, queens, kings, workers soldiers coexist. Both juvenile hormone regulate reproduction as well polyphenism. In termites role induction soldier caste known, but IGF ilps these processes remains largely unknown. Here various termite identified hypotheses regarding their functions suggested. Methods Genome assemblies transcriptome short read archives (SRAs) were used identify neuropeptides determine expression species, tissues castes. Results Discussion Termites seven ilps, i.e. gonadulin, an ortholog Drosophila peptide 7 (dilp7), which commonly present insects, four smaller peptides, that collectively been called IGF-related (sirps) individually atirpin, birpin, cirpin brovirpin. Gonadulin lost from higher however amplified brovirpin gene, they often two three paralogs. Based on differential genes it seems likely atirpin autocrine tissue released when faces metabolic stress. Birpin be responsible for absence this reproductive adults or, present, soldiers. Brovirpin expressed both by brain ovary stimulates vitellogenesis, while function less clear.

Language: Английский

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Cephalic ganglia transcriptomics of the American cockroach Periplaneta americana (Blattodea: Blattidae)

Journal of Insect Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(6)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Abstract The American cockroach Periplaneta americana (L.) (Blattodea, Blattidae) has been a model organism for biochemical and physiological study almost century, however, its use does not benefit from the genetic tools found in key species such as Drosophila melanogaster. To facilitate of system neuroscience to serve foundation functional translational experimentation, transcriptome cephalic ganglia was assembled annotated, differential expression profiles between these were assessed. assembly yielded >400 k transcripts, with >40 putative coding sequences. Gene ontology protein domain searches indicate cerebral gnathal (GNG) have distinct profiles. developmental Toll signaling pathway appears be active adult central nervous (CNS), which may suggest separate role this besides innate immune activation or embryonic development. catabolic glycolytic citric acid cycle enzymes are well represented both ganglia, but more highly expressed GNG. Both express gluconeogenic trehaloneogenic enzymes, suggesting larger CNS regulating hemolymph sugar homeostasis than previously appreciated. annotation quantification reveal canonical novel pathways metabolism an insect lay future analysis.

Language: Английский

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Peer Review #2 of "Differential expression of some termite neuropeptides and insulin/IGF-related hormones and their plausible functions in growth, reproduction and caste determination (v0.2)"

Published: April 26, 2023

Background.Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and other Insulin-like peptides (ilps) are important hormones regulating development in animals.Whereas most animals have a single female male adult phenotype, some insect species the same genome may lead to different final forms.Perhaps best known example is honeybee where females can either develop into queens or workers.More extreme forms of such polyphenism occur termites, queens, kings, workers soldiers coexist.Both juvenile hormone insulin-like regulate reproduction as well polyphenism.In termites role induction soldier caste known, but IGF ilps these processes remains largely unknown.Here various termite identified hypotheses regarding their functions suggested.Methods.Genome assemblies transcriptome short read archives (SRAs) were used identify neuropeptides determine expression species, tissues castes. Results Discussion.Termites seven ilps, i.e. gonadulin, an ortholog Drosophila peptide 7 (dilp7), which commonly present insects, four smaller peptides, that collectively been called IGF-related (sirps) individually atirpin, birpin, cirpin brovirpin.Gonadulin lost from higher however amplified brovirpin gene, they often two three paralogs.Based on differential genes it seems likely atirpin autocrine tissue released when faces metabolic stress.Birpin be responsible for absence this reproductive adults or, present, soldiers.Brovirpin expressed both by brain ovary stimulates vitellogenesis, while function less clear.

Language: Английский

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Peer Review #3 of "Differential expression of some termite neuropeptides and insulin/IGF-related hormones and their plausible functions in growth, reproduction and caste determination (v0.1)"

Published: April 26, 2023

Background.Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and other Insulin-like peptides (ilps) are important hormones regulating development in animals.Whereas most animals have a single female male adult phenotype, some insect species the same genome may lead to different final forms.Perhaps best known example is honeybee where females can either develop into queens or workers.More extreme forms of such polyphenism occur termites, queens, kings, workers soldiers coexist.Both juvenile hormone insulin-like regulate reproduction as well polyphenism.In termites role induction soldier caste known, but IGF ilps these processes remains largely unknown.Here various termite identified hypotheses regarding their functions suggested.Methods.Genome assemblies transcriptome short read archives (SRAs) were used identify neuropeptides determine expression species, tissues castes. Results Discussion.Termites seven ilps, i.e. gonadulin, an ortholog Drosophila peptide 7 (dilp7), which commonly present insects, four smaller peptides, that collectively been called IGF-related (sirps) individually atirpin, birpin, cirpin brovirpin.Gonadulin lost from higher however amplified brovirpin gene, they often two three paralogs.Based on differential genes it seems likely atirpin autocrine tissue released when faces metabolic stress.Birpin be responsible for absence this reproductive adults or, present, soldiers.Brovirpin expressed both by brain ovary stimulates vitellogenesis, while function less clear.

Language: Английский

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Peer Review #1 of "Differential expression of some termite neuropeptides and insulin/IGF-related hormones and their plausible functions in growth, reproduction and caste determination (v0.3)"

Published: April 26, 2023

Background.Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and other Insulin-like peptides (ilps) are important hormones regulating development in animals.Whereas most animals have a single female male adult phenotype, some insect species the same genome may lead to different final forms.Perhaps best known example is honeybee where females can either develop into queens or workers.More extreme forms of such polyphenism occur termites, queens, kings, workers soldiers coexist.Both juvenile hormone insulin-like regulate reproduction as well polyphenism.In termites role induction soldier caste known, but IGF ilps these processes remains largely unknown.Here various termite identified hypotheses regarding their functions suggested.Methods.Genome assemblies transcriptome short read archives (SRAs) were used identify neuropeptides determine expression species, tissues castes. Results Discussion.Termites seven ilps, i.e. gonadulin, an ortholog Drosophila peptide 7 (dilp7), which commonly present insects, four smaller peptides, that collectively been called IGF-related (sirps) individually atirpin, birpin, cirpin brovirpin.Gonadulin lost from higher however amplified brovirpin gene, they often two three paralogs.Based on differential genes it seems likely atirpin autocrine tissue released when faces metabolic stress.Birpin be responsible for absence this reproductive adults or, present, soldiers.Brovirpin expressed both by brain ovary stimulates vitellogenesis, while function less clear.

Language: Английский

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Peer Review #1 of "Differential expression of some termite neuropeptides and insulin/IGF-related hormones and their plausible functions in growth, reproduction and caste determination (v0.1)"

Published: April 26, 2023

Background.Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and other Insulin-like peptides (ilps) are important hormones regulating development in animals.Whereas most animals have a single female male adult phenotype, some insect species the same genome may lead to different final forms.Perhaps best known example is honeybee where females can either develop into queens or workers.More extreme forms of such polyphenism occur termites, queens, kings, workers soldiers coexist.Both juvenile hormone insulin-like regulate reproduction as well polyphenism.In termites role induction soldier caste known, but IGF ilps these processes remains largely unknown.Here various termite identified hypotheses regarding their functions suggested.Methods.Genome assemblies transcriptome short read archives (SRAs) were used identify neuropeptides determine expression species, tissues castes. Results Discussion.Termites seven ilps, i.e. gonadulin, an ortholog Drosophila peptide 7 (dilp7), which commonly present insects, four smaller peptides, that collectively been called IGF-related (sirps) individually atirpin, birpin, cirpin brovirpin.Gonadulin lost from higher however amplified brovirpin gene, they often two three paralogs.Based on differential genes it seems likely atirpin autocrine tissue released when faces metabolic stress.Birpin be responsible for absence this reproductive adults or, present, soldiers.Brovirpin expressed both by brain ovary stimulates vitellogenesis, while function less clear.

Language: Английский

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Peer Review #2 of "Differential expression of some termite neuropeptides and insulin/IGF-related hormones and their plausible functions in growth, reproduction and caste determination (v0.1)"

Published: April 26, 2023

Background.Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and other Insulin-like peptides (ilps) are important hormones regulating development in animals.Whereas most animals have a single female male adult phenotype, some insect species the same genome may lead to different final forms.Perhaps best known example is honeybee where females can either develop into queens or workers.More extreme forms of such polyphenism occur termites, queens, kings, workers soldiers coexist.Both juvenile hormone insulin-like regulate reproduction as well polyphenism.In termites role induction soldier caste known, but IGF ilps these processes remains largely unknown.Here various termite identified hypotheses regarding their functions suggested.Methods.Genome assemblies transcriptome short read archives (SRAs) were used identify neuropeptides determine expression species, tissues castes. Results Discussion.Termites seven ilps, i.e. gonadulin, an ortholog Drosophila peptide 7 (dilp7), which commonly present insects, four smaller peptides, that collectively been called IGF-related (sirps) individually atirpin, birpin, cirpin brovirpin.Gonadulin lost from higher however amplified brovirpin gene, they often two three paralogs.Based on differential genes it seems likely atirpin autocrine tissue released when faces metabolic stress.Birpin be responsible for absence this reproductive adults or, present, soldiers.Brovirpin expressed both by brain ovary stimulates vitellogenesis, while function less clear.

Language: Английский

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Peer Review #1 of "Differential expression of some termite neuropeptides and insulin/IGF-related hormones and their plausible functions in growth, reproduction and caste determination (v0.2)"

Published: April 26, 2023

Background.Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and other Insulin-like peptides (ilps) are important hormones regulating development in animals.Whereas most animals have a single female male adult phenotype, some insect species the same genome may lead to different final forms.Perhaps best known example is honeybee where females can either develop into queens or workers.More extreme forms of such polyphenism occur termites, queens, kings, workers soldiers coexist.Both juvenile hormone insulin-like regulate reproduction as well polyphenism.In termites role induction soldier caste known, but IGF ilps these processes remains largely unknown.Here various termite identified hypotheses regarding their functions suggested.Methods.Genome assemblies transcriptome short read archives (SRAs) were used identify neuropeptides determine expression species, tissues castes. Results Discussion.Termites seven ilps, i.e. gonadulin, an ortholog Drosophila peptide 7 (dilp7), which commonly present insects, four smaller peptides, that collectively been called IGF-related (sirps) individually atirpin, birpin, cirpin brovirpin.Gonadulin lost from higher however amplified brovirpin gene, they often two three paralogs.Based on differential genes it seems likely atirpin autocrine tissue released when faces metabolic stress.Birpin be responsible for absence this reproductive adults or, present, soldiers.Brovirpin expressed both by brain ovary stimulates vitellogenesis, while function less clear.

Language: Английский

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