Milk derived extracellular vesicle uptake in human microglia regulates the DNA methylation machinery DOI Creative Commons
Sanoji Wijenayake, Shafinaz Eisha,

Megha K. Purohit

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Mammalian milk contains milk-derived extracellular vesicles (MEVs), a group of biological nanovesicles that transport macromolecules. Their ability to cross the blood brain barrier and presence cargo capable modifying gene function have led hypothesis MEVs may play role in development. Here, we investigated uptake by human microglia cells vitro explored functional outcomes MEV uptake. We examined expression miR-148/152 family, highly abundant microRNAs, directly suppress translation DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzymes crucial for catalyzing methylation modifications. also measured phenotypic inflammatory baseline homeostatic IFN-γ primed determine if induce anti-inflammatory effects. found are taken up localize microglia. In microglia, supplementation reduced miR-148a-5P levels, increased DNMT1 transcript, protein abundance, enzymatic activity, compared did not receive MEVs. decreased levels but transcript remained unchanged. Contrary predictions, failed attenuate pro-inflammatory IL1β This study provides first evidence macrophage, suggesting potential regulating epigenetic machinery neuroimmune modulation.

Language: Английский

The Impact of Maternal Chronic Inflammatory Conditions on Breast Milk Composition: Possible Influence on Offspring Metabolic Programming DOI Open Access

Gabriela Arenas,

María‐José Barrera, Susana Contreras‐Duarte

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 387 - 387

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Breastfeeding is the best way to provide newborns with crucial nutrients and produce a unique bond between mother child. Breast milk rich in nutritious non-nutritive bioactive components, such as immune cells, cytokines, chemokines, immunoglobulins, hormones, fatty acids, other constituents. Maternal effects during gestation lactation can alter these influencing offspring outcomes. Chronic inflammatory maternal conditions, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, impact breast composition. from obese mothers exhibits changes fat content, cytokine levels, hormonal concentrations, potentially affecting infant growth health. Similarly, diabetes alters composition of milk, impacting factors metabolic markers. Other pro-inflammatory dyslipidemia syndrome, have been barely studied. Thus, altered tension parameters described modifying its macronutrients important biomolecules, likely offspring’s weight. This review emphasizes chronic conditions on potential implications for development through revision full-access original articles.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Nutrition for Optimal Lactation DOI Creative Commons
Otilia Perichart‐Perera

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Background:: Breastfeeding is the ideal method of feeding for all newborns and associated with multiple positive health outcomes. Human milk provides essential nutrients bioactive molecules needed optimal infant development. Maternal nutrition during lactation plays an important role in supporting breastfeeding preventing metabolic imbalances. The aim this narrative review was to describe most prevalent issues lactating women provide a summary current diet recommendations as well controversies on supplementation, order facilitate information clinicians professionals. Summary:: nutritionally demanding stage adequate key avoid alterations maternal nutritional status, produce quantity good quality, programming diseases. Anemia vitamin D, A, iodine, iron deficiencies are common, while obesity diseases keep rising. Inadequate intake many also frequent stage.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Human milk-derived extracellular vesicle treatment promotes the heat shock response in neonates with perinatal high fat diet exposure. DOI Open Access
J. Storm,

Jueqin Lu,

Mon Francis Obtial

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Abstract Maternal consumption of a high-fat diet (mHFD) during perinatal life (the collective prenatal and postnatal periods) influences neonatal development, initiates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation, impacts the long-term physiological metabolic health offspring. Milk-derived extracellular vesicles (MEVs) are lipid-coated nanovesicles found in mammalian milk that survive intestinal degradation cross complex biological barriers, including blood-brain barrier. MEVs have known cytoprotective activity peripheral organs; however, their pro-survival functions response to chronic pro-inflammation stemming from early nutrient stress remain unknown brain. Further, sex differences resulting MEV treatment require investigation, as male female neonates illicit variable responses stress. We investigated whether promote heat shock (HSR), principal mechanism responsible for refolding or degrading misfolded protein aggregates through action (HSP) chaperones. interaction between HSR liver, hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex rats exposed mHFD within hyporesponsive period at day 11. robustly modulated with largest recorded cortex. Specifically, cortex, led an upregulation main transcription factor (HSF1), while downregulating negative regulators HSF1 (Hsp70 Hsp90). These results suggest may influence outcomes by activating HSF1-mediated specific manner mHFD.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Human milk oligosaccharide secretion dynamics during breastfeeding and its antimicrobial role: A systematic review DOI
Mohammed Al‐Beltagi

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2)

Published: March 18, 2025

BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive components of breast with diverse health benefits, including shaping the gut microbiota, modulating immune system, and protecting against infections. HMOs exhibit dynamic secretion patterns during lactation, influenced by maternal genetics environmental factors. Their direct indirect antimicrobial properties have garnered significant research interest. However, a comprehensive understanding dynamics their correlation efficacy remains underexplored. AIM To synthesize current evidence on lactation evaluate roles bacterial, viral, protozoal pathogens. METHODS A systematic search PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, Cochrane Library focused studies investigating natural synthetic HMOs, dynamics, properties. Studies involving human, animal, in vitro models were included. Data HMO composition, temporal patterns, mechanisms action extracted. Quality assessment was performed using validated tools appropriate for study design. RESULTS total 44 included, encompassing research. exhibited 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) lacto-N-tetraose peaking early declining over time, while 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL) increased later stages. demonstrated through pathogen adhesion inhibition, biofilm disruption, enzymatic activity impairment. Synthetic bioengineered 2′-FL 3-FL, structurally functionally comparable to effectively inhibiting pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli Campylobacter jejuni . Additionally, synergistic effects antibiotics, enhancing resistant CONCLUSION vital defense, supporting infant targeting various Both hold potential therapeutic applications, particularly nutrition adjuncts antibiotics. Further research, clinical trials, is essential address gaps knowledge, validate findings, explore broader applicability improving neonatal health.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
From Mind to Milk: The Influence of Psychological Factors on the Composition of Human Breast Milk DOI Open Access

Krystian Skowron,

Igor Lichocki,

Filip Godziszewski

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 1093 - 1093

Published: March 20, 2025

Background/Objectives: Breast milk is a complex fluid crucial for infant development, nutrition, and immunological neurodevelopmental support. Recent findings suggest that factors regarding mental health, such as stress, anxiety, postpartum depression (PPD), may influence the composition of breast milk. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge relationship between mother’s state biochemical profile human milk, focusing mainly on nutrients, hormones, immune factors, microbiota. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed Web Science using predefined keywords related psychological composition. Studies involving validated assessment tools only subjects were included, accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results: Findings indicated maternal stress PPD are associated alterations Elevated cortisol changes melatonin prolactin levels have been observed. Immune components, secretory immunoglobulin transforming growth factor beta 2, exhibit variable responses depending type duration. Lower concentrations docosahexaenoic acid polyunsaturated fatty observed among mothers diagnosed depression. Additionally, distress infants’ gut microbiota composition, potentially affecting long-term health outcomes. Conclusions: The plays an essential role shaping Understanding these associations highlights need support during period optimize development. Future research should focus molecular mechanisms underlying potential interventions mitigate adverse effects.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Profile of steroid metabolites in human breast milk in different stages of lactation DOI Creative Commons
Olha Khymenets, Óscar Vilarroya,

Georgina Benet

et al.

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The secretion of endogenous steroid conjugates in breast milk (BM) differs between lactation stages. These steroids are available to infants via BM consumption from the first days life and some them continue be supplied throughout lactation.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Special Issue: Highlights of SBN 2022 DOI
Farrah N. Madison, Nora H. Prior, Brian C. Trainor

et al.

Hormones and Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 160, P. 105490 - 105490

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Milk derived extracellular vesicle uptake in human microglia regulates the DNA methylation machinery DOI Creative Commons
Sanoji Wijenayake, Shafinaz Eisha,

Megha K. Purohit

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Mammalian milk contains milk-derived extracellular vesicles (MEVs), a group of biological nanovesicles that transport macromolecules. Their ability to cross the blood brain barrier and presence cargo capable modifying gene function have led hypothesis MEVs may play role in development. Here, we investigated uptake by human microglia cells vitro explored functional outcomes MEV uptake. We examined expression miR-148/152 family, highly abundant microRNAs, directly suppress translation DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzymes crucial for catalyzing methylation modifications. also measured phenotypic inflammatory baseline homeostatic IFN-γ primed determine if induce anti-inflammatory effects. found are taken up localize microglia. In microglia, supplementation reduced miR-148a-5P levels, increased DNMT1 transcript, protein abundance, enzymatic activity, compared did not receive MEVs. decreased levels but transcript remained unchanged. Contrary predictions, failed attenuate pro-inflammatory IL1β This study provides first evidence macrophage, suggesting potential regulating epigenetic machinery neuroimmune modulation.

Language: Английский

Citations

0