Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, Metainflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Cardiovascular Diseases: Unraveling Pathways

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 519 - 519

Published: July 12, 2024

Glycolipid metabolic disorders (GLMDs) are various resulting from dysregulation in glycolipid levels, consequently leading to an increased risk of obesity, diabetes, liver dysfunction, neuromuscular complications, and cardiorenal vascular diseases (CRVDs). In patients with GLMDs, excess caloric intake a lack physical activity may contribute oxidative stress (OxS) systemic inflammation. This study aimed review the connection between GLMD, OxS, metainflammation, onset CRVD. GLMD is due causing dysfunction synthesis, breakdown, absorption glucose lipids body, excessive ectopic accumulation these molecules. mainly neuroendocrine dysregulation, insulin resistance, metainflammation. many inflammatory markers defense cells play vital role related tissues organs, such as blood vessels, pancreatic islets, liver, muscle, kidneys, adipocytes, promoting lesions that affect interconnected organs through their signaling pathways. Advanced glycation end products, ATP-binding cassette transporter 1, Glucagon-like peptide-1, Toll-like receptor-4, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) crucial since they glucolipid metabolism. The consequences this system organ damage morbidity mortality.

Language: Английский

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Progress and prospects of mRNA-based drugs in pre-clinical and clinical applications

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Abstract In the last decade, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based drugs have gained great interest in both immunotherapy and non-immunogenic applications. This surge can be largely attributed to demonstration of distinct advantages offered by various mRNA molecules, alongside rapid advancements nucleic delivery systems. It is noteworthy that immunogenicity presents a double-edged sword. context immunotherapy, extra supplementation adjuvant generally required for induction robust immune responses. Conversely, non-immunotherapeutic scenarios, activation unwanted considering host tolerability high expression demand mRNA-encoded functional proteins. Herein, mainly focused on linear non-replicating mRNA, we overview preclinical clinical progress prospects medicines encompassing vaccines other therapeutics. We also highlight importance focusing host-specific variations, including age, gender, pathological condition, concurrent medication individual patient, maximized efficacy safety upon administration. Furthermore, deliberate potential challenges may encounter realm disease treatment, current endeavors improvement, as well application future advancements. Overall, this review aims present comprehensive understanding mRNA-based therapies while illuminating prospective development drugs.

Language: Английский

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Sex-dependent pathophysiology and therapeutic considerations in right heart disease

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Redefining Macrophage Heterogeneity in Atherosclerosis: A Focus on Possible Therapeutic Implications

Comprehensive physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2)

Published: March 19, 2025

ABSTRACT Atherosclerosis is a lipid disorder where modified lipids (especially oxidized LDL) induce macrophage foam cell formation in the aorta. Its pathogenesis involves continuum of persistent inflammation accompanied by dysregulated anti‐inflammatory responses. Changes immune status due to differences lesional microenvironment are crucial terms plaque development, its progression, and rupture. Ly6C hi monocytes generated through both medullary extramedullary cascades act as one major sources macrophages thereby cells. Both monocyte‐derived also participate pathological events atherosclerosis‐associated multiple organ systems inter‐organ communications. For years, phenotypes M1 M2 have been shown perpetuate inflammatory resolution responses; nevertheless, such dualistic classification too simplistic contains severe drawbacks. As lesion enriched with mediators that possess ability activate diverse phenotypes, it obvious cells should demonstrate substantial heterogeneity. Considerable research this regard has indicated presence additional exclusive atherosclerotic plaques, namely Mox, M4, Mhem, M(Hb) type. Furthermore, although concept clusters come fore recent years evolution high‐dimensional techniques, classifications based on ‘OMICS’ approaches require extensive functional validation well metabolic phenotyping. Bearing mind, current review provides an overview different populations their role during atherosclerosis outlines possible therapeutic implications.

Language: Английский

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Role of S100A1, S100A4, S100A8/A9 and S100B in myocardial infarction and heart failure

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 151, P. 114348 - 114348

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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