The impact of the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic on stress resilience and mental health: A critical review across waves

European Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 55, P. 22 - 83

Published: Oct. 29, 2021

The global public health crisis caused by COVID-19 has lasted longer than many of us would have hoped and expected. With its high uncertainty limited control, the pandemic undoubtedly asked a lot from all us. One important central question is: how resilient we proved in face unprecedented prolonged coronavirus pandemic? There is vast rapidly growing literature that examined impact on mental both shorter (2020) (2021) term. This not only concerns pandemic-related effects resilience general population, but also challenged stress outcomes across more specific vulnerable population groups: patients with psychiatric disorder, diagnosed patients, care workers, children adolescents, pregnant women, elderly people. It challenging to keep up date with, interpret, this increasing scientific literature. In review, provide critical overview impacted human been shaped dominated wealth data which are, however, always highest quality heavily depend online self-report surveys. Nevertheless, it appears proven surprisingly over time, fast recovery measures. Still, groups such as adolescents personnel severely do exist. Large interindividual differences exist, for future pandemics there clear need comprehensively integratively assess start personalized help interventions tailored needs groups.

Language: Английский

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Immediate and Longer-Term Changes in the Mental Health and Well-being of Older Adults in England During the COVID-19 Pandemic

JAMA Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 79(2), P. 151 - 151

Published: Dec. 22, 2021

Despite the emphasis placed on psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic, evidence from representative studies older adults including pre-COVID-19 data and repeated assessments during pandemic is scarce.To examine changes in mental health well-being before initial later phases test whether patterns varied with sociodemographic characteristics a sample living England.This longitudinal cohort study analyzed 5146 participating English Longitudinal Study Ageing who provided (2018 2019) at 2 occasions 2020 (June or July as well November December).The characteristics, sex, age, partnership status, socioeconomic position.Changes depression (8-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale), anxiety (7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder quality life (12-item Control, Autonomy, Self-realization, Pleasure loneliness (3-item Revised University California, Los Angeles, scale) were tested using fixed-effects regression models.Of included participants, 2723 (52.9%) women, 4773 (92.8%) White, mean (SD) age was 67.7 (10.6) years. The prevalence clinically significant depressive symptoms increased 12.5% (95% CI, 11.5-13.4) to 22.6% 21.6-23.6) June 2020, further rise 28.5% 27.6-29.5) December 2020. This accompanied by deterioration life. rose 9.4% 8.8-9.9) 10.9% 10.3-11.5) Women nonpartnered people experienced worse health. Participants less wealth had lowest levels pandemic. Higher groups better overall but responded more negative changes.In this England, continued worsen progressed, inequalities persisted. greater

Language: Английский

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Persistent depressive symptoms during COVID-19: a national, population-representative, longitudinal study of U.S. adults

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5, P. 100091 - 100091

Published: Oct. 4, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences have been associated with an increase in poor population mental health. We assessed how depressive symptoms changed among U.S. adults over the course of identified key risk factors for these symptoms. Longitudinal panel study a nationally representative group ages 18 years older surveyed March-April 2020 (Time 1; N=1441) 2021 2; N=1161) Life Stressors Impact on Mental Health Well-being (CLIMB). Patient Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to define elevated (cut-off ≥10) score (0-27). prevalence persisted from 27.8% (95% CI: 24.9, 30.9) 32.8% 29.1, 36.8). Over time, central drivers were low household income, not being married, experiencing multiple stressors during pandemic. odds ratio income relative high persons increased 2.3 1.2, 4.2) 7.0 3.7, 13.3) 2021. Fewer people reported 4 or more than (47.5% vs 37.1% 2021), but 1 stressor less 1.9 3.1) 5.4 3.2, 9.2) burden adult health gaps grew between populations different assets experiences CLIMB Time sponsored by Rockefeller Foundation-Boston University 3-D Commission. 2 de Beaumont Foundation.

Language: Английский

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Psychological Distress Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Adults in the United Kingdom Based on Coordinated Analyses of 11 Longitudinal Studies

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. e227629 - e227629

Published: April 22, 2022

Importance

How population mental health has evolved across the COVID-19 pandemic under varied lockdown measures is poorly understood, and consequences for inequalities are unclear.

Objective

To investigate changes in sociodemographic from before first year of 11 longitudinal studies.

Design, Setting, Participants

This cohort study included adult participants UK population-based studies with prepandemic psychological distress. Analyses were coordinated these studies, estimates pooled. Data collected 2006 to 2021.

Exposures

Trends prevalence poor assessed period (time 0 [TP 0]) at 3 TPs: 1, initial (March June 2020); 2, easing restrictions (July October 3, a subsequent (November 2020 March 2021). stratified by sex, race ethnicity, education, age, country.

Main Outcomes Measures

Multilevel regression was used examine distress pandemic. Psychological using 12-item General Health Questionnaire, Kessler 6, 9-item Malaise Inventory, Short Mood Feelings 8-item or Patient Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Centre Epidemiological Studies–Depression different

Results

In total, 49 993 (12 323 [24.6%] aged 55-64 years; 32 741 [61.2%] women; 4960 [8.7%] racial ethnic minority) analyzed. Across deteriorated scores all periods, but there considerable heterogeneity study-specific estimated effect sizes (pooled estimate TP 1: standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.15; 95% CI, 0.06-0.25; 2: SMD, 0.18; 0.09-0.27; 3: 0.21; 0.10-0.32). Changes higher women (TP 0.23; 0.11, 0.35) than men 0.16; 0.06-0.26) lower individuals below–degree level education (SMD, 0.06-0.30) compared those who held degrees 0.26; 0.14-0.38). Increased most prominent among adults 25 34 years 0.49; 0.14-0.84) 35 44 0.35; 0.10-0.60) other age groups. No evidence differing ethnicity country observed.

Conclusions Relevance

this study, substantial deterioration seen during did not reverse when lifted, sustained worsening observed period. Mental declines have been unequal population, women, degrees, more affected

Language: Английский

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Associated Control Measures on the Mental Health of the General Population

Annals of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 175(11), P. 1560 - 1571

Published: Oct. 17, 2022

Background: To what extent the COVID-19 pandemic and its containment measures influenced mental health in general population is still unclear. Purpose: assess trajectory of symptoms during first year examine dose–response relations with characteristics containment. Data Sources: Relevant articles were identified from living evidence database Open Access Project, which indexes COVID-19–related publications MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase Ovid, PsycInfo. Preprint not considered. Study Selection: Longitudinal studies that reported data on population's using validated scales published before 31 March 2021 eligible. Extraction: An international crowd 109 trained reviewers screened references extracted study characteristics, participant symptom scores at each timepoint. also included for following country-specific variables: days since case SARS-CoV-2 infection, stringency governmental measures, cumulative numbers cases deaths. Synthesis: In a total 43 (331 628 participants), changes psychological distress, sleep disturbances, well-being varied substantially across studies. On average, depression anxiety worsened 2 months (standardized mean difference 60 days, −0.39 [95% credible interval, −0.76 to −0.03]); thereafter, trajectories heterogeneous. There was linear association worsening increasing infection measures. Gender, age, country, deprivation, inequalities, risk bias, design did modify these associations. Limitations: The certainty low because high bias large amount heterogeneity. Stringency surges strongly correlated changed over time. observed associations should be interpreted as causal relationships. Conclusion: Although an initial increase average between higher more stringent found, after pandemic. This suggests different populations responded differently stress generated by Primary Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation. (PROSPERO: CRD42020180049)

Language: Английский

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Mental disorders following COVID-19 and other epidemics: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: May 17, 2022

Abstract COVID-19 has imposed a very substantial direct threat to the physical health of those infected, although corollary impact on mental may be even more burdensome. Here we focus assessing and other epidemics in community. We searched five electronic databases until December 9, 2020, for all peer-reviewed original studies reporting any prevalence or correlates disorders general population following novel English, Chinese Portuguese. synthesised estimates from probability samples during past epidemics. The meta-analytical effect size was relevant outcomes, estimated via random-effects model. I 2 statistics, Doi plots LFK index were used examine heterogeneity publication bias. This study is pre-registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020179105. identified 255 eligible 50 countries on: ( n = 247 studies), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS; 5), Ebola virus disease 2), 1918 influenza 1). During COVID-19, point probable anxiety (20.7%, 95% CI 12.9–29.7), depression (18.1%, 13.0–23.9), psychological distress (13.0%, 0–34.1). Correlates poorer include female sex, lower income, pre-existing medical conditions, perceived risk infection, exhibiting COVID-19-like symptoms, social media use, financial stress, loneliness. Public trust authorities, availability accurate information, adoption preventive measures support associated less morbidity. consequences could comparable major disasters armed conflicts. considerable our analysis indicates that random are needed. Health-care professionals should vigilant toll epidemics, including among who have not been infected.

Language: Английский

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The gender gap in mental well-being at the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic: Evidence from the UK

European Economic Review, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 104114 - 104114

Published: April 18, 2022

We assess the decline in mental health after onset of Covid-19 pandemic UK. This was more than twice as large for women men. seek to explain this gender gap by exploring differences in: family and caring responsibilities; financial work situation; social engagement; situation, behaviours, including exercise. their quantitative relevance applying standard decomposition methods. find that compositional responsibilities part gap, but important are factors, particularly changes loneliness. explore result further analysing personality traits. Even controlling all factors there remains a noticeable age-gender gradient, with young females suffering badly.

Language: Английский

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Trajectories of resilience and mental distress to global major disruptions

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 26(12), P. 1171 - 1189

Published: Oct. 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 and common mental health symptoms in the early phase of the pandemic: An umbrella review of the evidence

PLoS Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. e1004206 - e1004206

Published: April 25, 2023

Background There remains uncertainty about the impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on mental health. This umbrella review provides a comprehensive overview association between and common disorders. We qualitatively summarized evidence from reviews with meta-analyses individual study-data in general population, healthcare workers, specific at-risk populations. Methods findings A systematic search was carried out 5 databases for peer-reviewed prevalence depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms during published December 31, until August 12, 2022. identified 123 which 7 provided standardized mean differences (SMDs) either longitudinal pre- to or cross-sectional compared matched pre-pandemic data. Methodological quality rated Assessment Multiple Systematic Reviews checklist scores (AMSTAR 2) instrument generally low moderate. Small but significant increases and/or health were reported people preexisting physical conditions, children (3 reviews; SMDs ranged 0.11 0.28). Mental depression significantly increased periods social restrictions (1 review; 0.41 0.83, respectively) anxiety did not (SMD: 0.26). Increases larger longer-lasting 0.16 0.23) than those (2 reviews: 0.12 0.18). Females showed increase males review: SMD 0.15). In disorders, any patient group, adolescents, students, no found SMD’s ranging −0.16 0.48). 116 pooled rates PTSD 9% 48% across Although heterogeneity studies high largely unexplained, assessment tools cut-offs used, age, sex gender, COVID-19 exposure factors be moderators some reviews. The major limitations are inability quantify explain included shortage within-person data multiple studies. Conclusions small consistent deterioration particularly early has been population chronic somatic Also, associations stronger females younger age groups others. Explanatory individual-level, exposure, time-course scarce inconsistencies For policy research, repeated assessments panels including vulnerable individuals recommended respond current future crises.

Language: Английский

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Effects of an eight-week, online mindfulness program on anxiety and depression in university students during COVID-19: A randomized controlled trial

Psychiatry Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 305, P. 114222 - 114222

Published: Sept. 23, 2021

Language: Английский

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