Short-term acute outcomes by clinical and socioeconomic characteristics in adults with SARS-CoV-2: a population-based cohort study focused on the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic

Archives of Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 83(1)

Published: March 24, 2025

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected vulnerable populations in terms of comorbidity and socioeconomic disadvantage, both between within countries. This retrospective population-based cohort study is part the Horizon 2020 ORCHESTRA project, was conducted Emilia-Romagna (E-R) Region, aimed to investigate risk hospitalization, disease severity all-cause mortality during 30 days following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods All adult positive cases notified E-R from 2022 were included. Poisson regression with robust standard error used estimate ratios for three outcomes, stratified by sex, period adjusted age, citizenship, deprivation index, hospitalization death score (RHDS), vaccination status. Data sources regional healthcare databases. Supplementary analyses considered citizenship relation duration residency or aggregated areas origin. Results During first two years 859,653 residents tested (47.8% males); 9.6% them citizens high migratory pressure countries (HMPCs). severe outcomes increased steeply especially males. RHDS predicted worse sexes while showed a strong protective effect against all acute infection (i.e., recent 85% more in-hospital sexes). Immigrants HPMCs, females, higher disease, particular those who arrived 5 ago (RR = 1.92, 95%CI 1.76-2.00 males, RR 2.40, 2.23–2.59 females), whereas lower compared low (LMPCs) that females 0.73 (95%CI 0.59–0.90). Conclusions results provided an overall view course allowed associated clinical, demographic, social characteristics be measured. findings suggest that, although national public health policies have helped mitigate impact general population, inequalities among persons comorbidities disadvantages remain. Improvements appropriateness, effectiveness equity strategies are needed.

Language: Английский

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Persistent mortality in critical COVID-19 ICU cases from wild-type to delta variant: A descriptive cohort study

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 25, 2025

Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic led to significant advancements in treatment and vaccination, contributing a decline overall COVID-19-related mortality. However, it remains unclear whether the mortality rate for critical cases treated on intensive care units has also decreased. This multicentric, multinational retrospective observational study analyzed 447 critically ill COVID-19 patients ICUs across ten centers Germany Austria. Patients were categorized into two periods: period 1 (March 2020 May 2021, n = 316) 2 (June 2021 January 2022, 131). Despite evolving strategies widespread vaccine availability 2, 30-day remained unchanged (30% vs. 37% 2; HR 1.26, 95% CI: 0.90–1.79, p 0.181). Further outcomes, including ICU-free days (p 0.735), ventilatory support-free 0.699), vasopressor-free 0.379), dialysis-free 0.396), showed no differences. Notably, 81% (106 of 131) ICU unvaccinated, underscoring persistent vulnerability this group. These findings suggest that while public health measures reduced severity, illness highly lethal. research is needed explore targeted interventions high-risk better understand factors despite medical advancements.

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine against symptom severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients infected with the Omicron variant

Archives of Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 170(5)

Published: March 24, 2025

Language: Английский

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The COVID-19 pandemic in children and young people during 2022–24: what new did we learn?

Journal of Global Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 1, 2025

The research conducted between 2022 and 2024 has advanced our understanding of COVID-19 in children young people (CYP), particularly with the emergence Omicron variant its subvariants. findings have reinforced that, while infections are often milder compared to earlier variants, overall seroprevalence SARS-CoV-2 increased, notable regional demographic disparities. COVID-19-related hospitalisation rates rose during waves, especially among infants, unvaccinated individuals, CYP at higher risk, i.e. comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, neurological or cardiac conditions. Despite this, severe disease mortality remained very low. observed increases type 1 diabetes incidence multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) also highlighted broader systemic effects paediatric populations. Evidence underscored protective effect vaccination preventing MIS-C vaccine safety, emphasising need for targeted immunisation strategies, who may be risk. Studies estimated that a significant proportion experienced persistent post-COVID-19 infection symptoms fatigue, mood disturbances, sleep disorders, respiratory difficulties, but reported prevalence varied widely, from low 1.6% high 70%, due differences study methodologies, case definitions, populations studied. Standardised definitions measurement tools, those developed through international consensus processes, required improve diagnosis, treatment, into this persisting condition. Ethnic disparities uptake persist, implying hesitancy accessibility, alongside approaches countering disinformation, important areas future research.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19-associated mortality in individuals with serious mental disorders in Sweden during the first two years of the pandemic– a population-based register study

BMC Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 7, 2024

Abstract Background Reports at the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic suggested differences in COVID-19-associated mortality between individuals with serious mental disorders (SMD) and population large. Aim To compare pattern without SMD Sweden over two main years. Methods We compared during 2020 2021. For SMD, we included psychotic disorder, bipolar severe depression. The analysis was based on summary data from Swedish Board Health Welfare covering entire adult population. Results overall relative risk (RR) for experiencing a death 1.66 (CI 1.50–1.83; p < 0.001) versus SMD. corresponding RRs were 3.25 2.84–3.71; 1.06 0.88–1.26; = 0.54) 1.03 0.80–1.32; 0.80) Compared to their respective counterparts non-SMD group, disorder depression RR higher women than men. In men women. generally younger Individuals psychosis 18 59 years had highest 7.25 4.54–11.59; p<0.001). Conclusions particularly those disorders, general As this is also seen other infections, people may be similarly vulnerable future pandemics.

Language: Английский

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Uptake, effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in individuals at clinical risk due to immunosuppressive drug therapy or transplantation procedures: a population-based cohort study in England

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: June 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of Sotrovimab and Molnupiravir in community settings in England across the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 sublineages: emulated target trials using the OpenSAFELY platform

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 16, 2023

Abstract Background The effectiveness of COVID-19 monoclonal antibody and antiviral therapies against severe outcomes is unclear. Initial benefit was shown in unvaccinated patients before the Omicron variant emerged. We used OpenSAFELY platform to emulate target trials estimate sotrovimab or molnupiravir, versus no treatment. Methods With approval NHS England, we derived population-based cohorts non-hospitalised high-risk individuals England testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 during periods dominance BA.1 (16/12/2021-10/02/2022) BA.2 (11/02/2022-21/05/2022) sublineages. clone-censor-weight approach effect treatment with molnupiravir initiated within 5 days after test Hazard ratios (HR) hospitalisation death 28 were estimated using weighted Cox models. Results Of 35,856 [BA.1 period] 39,192 [BA.2 patients, 1,830 [BA.1] 1,242 [BA.2] treated 2,244 4,164 sotrovimab. HRs untreated 1.00 (95%CI: 0.81;1.22) 1.22 (0.96;1.56) [BA.2]; corresponding 0.76 (0.66;0.89) 0.92 (0.79;1.06) [BA.2]. Interpretation Compared treatment, associated reduced risk adverse period, but there weaker evidence BA2 period. Molnupiravir not either Funding UKRI, Wellcome Trust, MRC, NIHR HDRUK.

Language: Английский

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Comparative effectiveness of sotrovimab and molnupiravir for preventing severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients on kidney replacement therapy: observational study using the OpenSAFELY-UKRR and SRR databases

Clinical Kidney Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 2048 - 2058

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

Due to limited inclusion of patients on kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in clinical trials, the effectiveness coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) therapies this population remains unclear. We sought address by comparing sotrovimab against molnupiravir, two commonly used treatments for non-hospitalised KRT with COVID-19 UK. With approval National Health Service England, we routine data from 24 million England within OpenSAFELY-TPP platform linked UK Renal Registry (UKRR) identify KRT. A Cox proportional hazards model was estimate hazard ratios (HRs) versus molnupiravir regards COVID-19-related hospitalisations or deaths subsequent 28 days. also conducted a complementary analysis using Scottish (SRR). Among 2367 treated (n = 1852) 515) between 16 December 2021 and 1 August 2022 38 cases (1.6%) hospitalisations/deaths were observed. Sotrovimab associated substantially lower outcome risk than {adjusted HR 0.35 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17-0.71]; P .004}, results remaining robust multiple sensitivity analyses. In SRR cohort, showed trend toward [HR 0.39 (95% CI 0.13-1.21); .106]. both datasets, had no evidence an association other hospitalisation/death compared (HRs ranged 0.73 1.29; > .05). care KRT, severe outcomes during Omicron waves.

Language: Английский

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The lifestyle health index in the context of COVID-19 mortality and vaccination in the United States: A syndemic not to be repeated

Current Problems in Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 49(9), P. 102728 - 102728

Published: June 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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Extended remdesivir administration in haematological patients with malignancies and COVID-19 during the Omicron era: safety and outcomes

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79(9), P. 2364 - 2368

Published: July 10, 2024

To describe the management of haematological patients experiencing prolonged SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding, as optimal strategy for this condition remains undetermined.

Language: Английский

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