Ecological Psychology
Published: March 27, 2024
Ecological
psychology
is
one
of
the
main
alternative
theories
perception
and
action
available
in
contemporary
literature.
This
Element
explores
analyzes
its
most
relevant
ideas,
concepts,
methods,
experimental
results.
It
discusses
historical
roots
ecological
approach.
The
then
works
two
founders
psychology:
James
Eleanor
Gibson.
also
development
since
1980s
until
nowadays.
Finally,
identifies
evaluates
future
approach
to
action.
Language: Английский
Constructing Experience
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
This
Element
examines
the
influence
of
expectation
and
attention
on
conscious
perception.
It
explores
debate
whether
is
necessary
for
perception
by
presenting
empirical
evidence
from
studies
inattentional
blindness,
change
attentional
blink.
While
strongly
suggests
that
perception,
other
research
has
shown
can
shape
sometimes
leading
to
illusory
experiences
where
predicted
stimuli
are
perceived
despite
their
absence.
phenomenon,
termed
'expectation
awareness',
may
not
be
all
experiences.
These
findings
explored
within
predictive
processing
framework,
brain
characterized
as
a
prediction
engine,
continuously
updating
its
internal
models
minimize
errors.
Integrating
psychology,
neuroscience,
cognitive
science,
this
provides
model
how
construct
perceptual
reality.
also
discusses
clinical
theoretical
implications
future
research.
Language: Английский
Action Understanding
Published: April 10, 2024
The
human
ability
to
effortlessly
understand
the
actions
of
other
people
has
been
focus
research
in
cognitive
neuroscience
for
decades.
What
have
we
learned
about
this
ability,
and
what
open
questions
remain?
In
Element
authors
address
these
by
considering
kinds
information
an
observer
may
gain
when
viewing
action.
A
'what,
how,
why'
framing
organises
evidence
theories
representations
that
support
classifying
action;
how
way
action
is
performed
supports
observational
learning
inferences
people;
actor's
intentions
are
inferred
from
her
actions.
Further
shows
brain
systems
understanding,
inspired
'mirror
neurons'
related
concepts.
Understanding
vision
a
multi-faceted
process
serves
many
behavioural
goals,
served
diverse
mechanisms
systems.
Language: Английский
Representing Variability
Published: Feb. 28, 2024
The
visual
world
is
full
of
detail.
This
Element
focuses
on
this
variability
in
perception,
asking
how
it
affects
performance
tasks
and
the
represented
by
human
observers.
authors
highlight
different
methods
for
assessing
representations
suggest
that
understanding
can
be
elusive
when
straightforward
explicit
are
used,
while
more
implicit
may
better
suited
to
uncovering
such
processing.
conclude
far
detail
than
previously
thought
aspect
perception
vital
complexity
consciousness.
Language: Английский
Learning of the mean, but not variance, of color distributions cues target location probability
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: March 4, 2025
Humans
are
good
at
picking
up
statistical
regularities
in
the
environment.
Probability
cueing
paradigms
have
demonstrated
that
location
of
a
target
can
be
predicted
based
on
spatial
regularities.
This
is
assumed
to
rely
flexible
priority
maps
influenced
by
visual
context.
We
investigated
whether
stimulus
features
such
as
color
distributions
differing
mean
and
variance
cue
In
experiment
1,
participants
searched
for
an
oddly
colored
diamond
6
×
set.
On
each
trial,
distractors
were
drawn
from
one
two
centered
different
averages.
Each
distribution
was
associated
with
probabilities,
where
had
80%
chance
appear
left
(the
rich
location),
while
would
right
other
distribution.
Participants
significantly
faster
locating
when
it
appeared
both
distributions,
demonstrating
learning
relationship
between
average
probability.
experiments
2
3,
observers
performed
similar
search
task,
but
variances
same
color.
There
no
evidence
became
location,
suggesting
contingencies
probabilities
not
learned.
These
results
demonstrate
how
flexible,
contexts
leading
maps,
they
also
reveal
important
limits
learning.
Language: Английский
Visual-vestibular Integration in Challenging Environments
Published: Dec. 9, 2024
This
Element
reviews
the
current
state
of
what
is
known
about
visual
and
vestibular
contributions
to
our
perception
self-motion
orientation
with
an
emphasis
on
central
role
that
gravity
plays
in
these
perceptions.
The
then
effects
impoverished
challenging
environments
do
not
provide
full
information
would
normally
contribute
perceptions
(such
as
driving
a
car
or
piloting
aircraft)
inconsistent
where
expected
absent,
such
microgravity
experienced
International
Space
Station.
Language: Английский
Amplification from saliency affects explicit but not implicit ensemble representations
Published: Nov. 21, 2024
The
visual
system
can
encode
multiple
objects
in
the
form
of
ensemble
representations.
Such
representations
be
accessed
with
either
explicit
or
implicit
reports,
but
depending
on
type
report,
observed
properties
representation
differ
detail.
Previous
studies
have
suggested
that
saliency
individual
items
biases
perceived
mean
ensembles.
It
is
unclear,
however,
whether
affects
whole
feature
distribution
(beyond
and
variance).
Our
observers
were
presented
sets
lines
varying
orientation
size
where
was
a
task-irrelevant
salient
feature.
To
estimate
representations,
adjusted
their
accuracy
measured.
access
we
used
search
task
for
an
oddly-oriented
line
among
heterogeneous
distractors
measured
times.
results
revealed
strong
saliency-induced
bias
estimates
biased
toward
more
items.
However,
no
such
effect
as
times
unaffected
by
support
hypothesis
distinct
mechanisms
underlie
detailed
full
distributions
are
based
summary
statistics.
Language: Английский