Protein-calixarenes
binding
plays
an
increasing,
central
role
in
many
applications,
spanning
from
molecular
recognition
to
drug
delivery
strategies
and
protein
inhibition.
These
ligands
obey
a
specific
bio-supramolecular
chemistry,
which
can
be
revealed
by
computational
ap-
proaches
such
as
dynamics
simulations.
In
this
paper,
we
rely
on
all-atom,
explicit-
solvent
simulations
capture
the
electrostatically-driven
association
of
phosphonated
calix-[4]-arene
with
cytochome-C,
critically
relies
surface-exposed
paired
lysines.
Beyond
two
sites
identified
direct
agreement
X-ray
struc-
ture,
has
larger
structural
impact
dynamics.
Our
simulations,
then,
allow
comparison
analogous
calixarenes,
namely
sulfonato,
similarly
re-
ported
“molecular
glue”.
work
contribute
robust
silico
predictive
tool
assess
for
any
given
interest
crystallization,
specificity
macromolecular
cage
whose
endo/exo
orientation
binding.
Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
19(20), P. 7112 - 7135
Published: Oct. 3, 2023
The
molecular
details
involved
in
the
folding,
dynamics,
organization,
and
interaction
of
proteins
with
other
molecules
are
often
difficult
to
assess
by
experimental
techniques.
Consequently,
computational
models
play
an
ever-increasing
role
field.
However,
biological
processes
involving
large-scale
protein
assemblies
or
long
time
scale
dynamics
still
computationally
expensive
study
atomistic
detail.
For
these
applications,
employing
coarse-grained
(CG)
modeling
approaches
has
become
a
key
strategy.
In
this
Review,
we
provide
overview
what
call
pragmatic
CG
models,
which
strategies
combining,
at
least
part,
physics-based
implementation
top-down
approach
their
parametrization.
particular,
focus
on
most
residues
represented
two
beads,
allowing
retain
some
degree
chemical
specificity.
A
description
main
modern
is
provided,
including
review
recent
applications
outlook
future
perspectives
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: March 24, 2025
Coarse-grained
(CG)
molecular
dynamics
(MD)
is
widely
used
for
the
efficient
simulation
of
intrinsically
disordered
proteins
(IDPs).
The
Martini
model,
one
most
popular
CG
force
fields
in
biomolecular
simulation,
was
reported
to
yield
too
compact
IDP
conformations,
limiting
its
applications.
Addressing
this,
we
optimized
bonded
parameters
based
on
fitting
reference
simulations
a
diverse
set
IDPs
at
atomistic
resolution,
resulting
Martini3-based
protein
model
coined
Martini3-IDP.
This
leads
expanded
greatly
improving
reproduction
experimentally
measured
radii
gyration.
Moreover,
contrary
ad-hoc
fixes
scaling
protein-protein
or
protein-water
interactions,
Martini3-IDP
keeps
overall
interaction
balance
underlying
3.
To
validate
that,
perform
comprehensive
testing
including
full-length
multidomain
proteins,
IDP-lipid
membrane
binding
and
IDP-small
molecule
binding,
confirming
ability
successfully
capture
complex
interplay
between
components.
Finally,
recently
emerging
concept
condensate,
through
liquid-liquid
phase
separation,
also
reproduced
by
number
both
homotypic
heterotypic
systems.
With
improved
expand
simulate
processes
involving
environments,
spatio-temporal
scales
inaccessible
with
all-atom
models.
Here,
authors
introduce
Martini3-IDP,
refined
that
addresses
prior
over-compact
structures.
Validated
across
systems,
it
captures
interactions
condensates.
Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
19(7), P. 1965 - 1975
Published: March 24, 2023
Recent
breakthroughs
in
neural
network-based
structure
prediction
methods,
such
as
AlphaFold2
and
RoseTTAFold,
have
dramatically
improved
the
quality
of
computational
protein
prediction.
These
models
also
provide
statistical
confidence
scores
that
can
estimate
uncertainties
predicted
structures,
but
it
remains
unclear
to
what
extent
these
are
related
intrinsic
conformational
dynamics
proteins.
Here,
we
compare
with
explicit
large-scale
molecular
simulations
28
one-
two-domain
proteins
varying
degrees
flexibility.
We
demonstrate
a
strong
correlation
between
motion
derived
from
extensive
atomistic
further
derive
an
elastic
network
model
based
on
AlphFold2
(AF-ENM),
which
benchmark
combination
coarse-grained
simulations.
show
our
AF-ENM
method
reproduces
global
accuracy,
providing
powerful
way
effective
using
models.
Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
64(19), P. 7214 - 7237
Published: Oct. 3, 2024
Computational
methods
constitute
efficient
strategies
for
screening
and
optimizing
potential
drug
molecules.
A
critical
factor
in
this
process
is
the
binding
affinity
between
candidate
molecules
targets,
quantified
as
free
energy.
Among
various
estimation
methods,
alchemical
transformation
stand
out
their
theoretical
rigor.
Despite
challenges
force
field
accuracy
sampling
efficiency,
advancements
algorithms,
software,
hardware
have
increased
application
of
energy
perturbation
(FEP)
calculations
pharmaceutical
industry.
Here,
we
review
practical
applications
FEP
discovery
projects
since
2018,
covering
both
ligand-centric
residue-centric
transformations.
We
show
that
relative
steadily
achieved
chemical
real-world
applications.
In
addition,
discuss
alternative
physics-based
simulation
incorporation
deep
learning
into
calculations.
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
29(19), P. 4626 - 4626
Published: Sept. 29, 2024
The
field
of
computational
protein
engineering
has
been
transformed
by
recent
advancements
in
machine
learning,
artificial
intelligence,
and
molecular
modeling,
enabling
the
design
proteins
with
unprecedented
precision
functionality.
Computational
methods
now
play
a
crucial
role
enhancing
stability,
activity,
specificity
for
diverse
applications
biotechnology
medicine.
Techniques
such
as
deep
reinforcement
transfer
learning
have
dramatically
improved
structure
prediction,
optimization
binding
affinities,
enzyme
design.
These
innovations
streamlined
process
allowing
rapid
generation
targeted
libraries,
reducing
experimental
sampling,
rational
tailored
properties.
Furthermore,
integration
approaches
high-throughput
techniques
facilitated
development
multifunctional
novel
therapeutics.
However,
challenges
remain
bridging
gap
between
predictions
validation
addressing
ethical
concerns
related
to
AI-driven
This
review
provides
comprehensive
overview
current
state
future
directions
engineering,
emphasizing
their
transformative
potential
creating
next-generation
biologics
advancing
synthetic
biology.
Communications Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
6(1)
Published: Nov. 20, 2023
Abstract
The
energy-coupling
factor
(ECF)
transporters
are
a
family
of
transmembrane
proteins
involved
in
the
uptake
vitamins
wide
range
bacteria.
Inhibition
activity
these
could
reduce
viability
pathogens
that
depend
on
vitamin
uptake.
central
role
transport
metabolism
bacteria
and
absence
from
humans
make
ECF
an
attractive
target
for
inhibition
with
selective
chemical
probes.
Here,
we
report
identification
promising
class
inhibitors
transporters.
We
used
coarse-grained
molecular
dynamics
simulations
Lactobacillus
delbrueckii
ECF-FolT2
ECF-PanT
to
profile
binding
mode
mechanism
this
novel
chemotype.
results
corroborate
postulated
pave
way
further
drug-discovery
efforts.
Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(13), P. 5763 - 5773
Published: June 26, 2024
Coarse-grained
(CG)
molecular
dynamics
(MD)
simulations
have
grown
in
applicability
over
the
years.
The
recently
released
version
of
Martini
CG
force
field
(Martini
3)
has
been
successfully
applied
to
simulate
many
processes,
including
protein–ligand
binding.
However,
current
ligand
parametrization
scheme
is
manual
and
requires
an
a
priori
reference
all-atom
(AA)
simulation
for
benchmarking.
For
systems
with
suboptimal
AA
parameters,
which
are
often
unknown,
this
translates
into
model
that
does
not
reproduce
true
dynamical
behavior
underlying
molecule.
Here,
we
present
Bartender,
quantum
mechanics
(QM)/MD-based
tool
written
Go.
Bartender
harnesses
power
QM
produces
reasonable
bonded
terms
3
models
small
molecules
efficient
user-friendly
manner.
small,
ring-like
molecules,
generates
whose
properties
indistinguishable
from
human-made
models.
more
complex,
drug-like
ligands,
it
able
fit
functional
forms
beyond
simple
harmonic
dihedrals
thus
better
captures
their
behavior.
both
increase
efficiency
accuracy
3-based
high-throughput
applications
by
producing
numerically
stable
physically
realistic
Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
19(21), P. 7437 - 7458
Published: Oct. 30, 2023
Membrane
proteins
have
diverse
functions
within
cells
and
are
well-established
drug
targets.
The
advances
in
membrane
protein
structural
biology
revealed
lipid
binding
sites
on
proteins,
while
computational
methods
such
as
molecular
simulations
can
resolve
the
thermodynamic
basis
of
these
interactions.
Particularly,
alchemical
free
energy
calculations
shown
promise
calculation
reliable
reproducible
energies
protein-ligand
protein-lipid
complexes
membrane-associated
systems.
In
this
review,
we
present
an
overview
representative
studies
G-protein-coupled
receptors,
ion
channels,
transporters
well
interactions,
with
emphasis
best
practices
critical
aspects
running
simulations.
Additionally,
analyze
challenges
successes
when
proteins.
Finally,
highlight
value
discovery
their
applicability
pharmaceutical
industry.