Examining threat responses through a developmental lens DOI
B.J. Casey, Yen‐Chu Lin, Heidi C. Meyer

et al.

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Abstract Adolescence has been characterized by risk taking and fearlessness. Yet, the emergence of anxiety disorders that are associated with fear peaks during this developmental period. Moreover, adolescents show heightened sensitivity to stress relative children adults. To address inconsistencies between common characterization as fearless evidence time, we build upon foundational discoveries threat-related circuitry behavior in adult rodents Joseph LeDoux colleagues. Specifically, conservation across species provided opportunities for identifying mechanisms underlying threat responses have extended developing humans rodents. We elucidate situations which others where they appear link them changes discuss potential adaptiveness these survival individual but also risks stress. end offering new ways behavioral treatments youth stress-related may be optimized target vs developed brain.

Language: Английский

Sex differences in response to violence: Role of salience network expansion and connectivity on depression DOI Creative Commons
Ellyn R. Butler, Noelle I. Samia, Amanda F. Mejia

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 12, 2025

Violence is a major risk factor for depression across development. Depression quickly worsens during early adolescence, however, and especially among females, who experience worse following threats than males. This may be because they perceive future as less controllable. Evidence suggests that features of the salience network serve particularly critical mechanisms explaining sex differences on in response to threat, those with depressive disorders have more expansive networks controls, threatening experiences result brain utilizing tissue fear generation rodent models. Using longitudinal sample 220 adolescents ages 14-18 from Chicago area, we test if expansion connectivity explain differential impact violence sexes. We found association between was greater females males (𝛽̂3(2)=0.337, 𝑝=0.025), such there positive but not Contrary our hypotheses, (𝛽̂1(5)=0.242, 𝑝=0.039), (𝛽̂1(6)=0.238, 𝑝=0.030). Both these effects remained after controlling two years prior, indicating exposures males' through likely occur middle adolescence. Through identifying types exposures, their relevant developmental timing, connecting depression, this work helps inform interventions prevent onset adversity, thereby reducing lifetime burden depression.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Examining threat responses through a developmental lens DOI
B.J. Casey, Yen‐Chu Lin, Heidi C. Meyer

et al.

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Abstract Adolescence has been characterized by risk taking and fearlessness. Yet, the emergence of anxiety disorders that are associated with fear peaks during this developmental period. Moreover, adolescents show heightened sensitivity to stress relative children adults. To address inconsistencies between common characterization as fearless evidence time, we build upon foundational discoveries threat-related circuitry behavior in adult rodents Joseph LeDoux colleagues. Specifically, conservation across species provided opportunities for identifying mechanisms underlying threat responses have extended developing humans rodents. We elucidate situations which others where they appear link them changes discuss potential adaptiveness these survival individual but also risks stress. end offering new ways behavioral treatments youth stress-related may be optimized target vs developed brain.

Language: Английский

Citations

1