Annual Research Review: ‘There, the dance is – at the still point of the turning world’ – dynamic systems perspectives on coregulation and dysregulation during early development

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65(4), P. 481 - 507

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

During development we transition from coregulation (where regulatory processes are shared between child and caregiver) to self‐regulation. Most early coregulatory interactions aim manage fluctuations in the infant's arousal alertness; but over time, become progressively elaborated encompass other functions such as sociocommunicative development, attention executive control. The fundamental of is help maintain an optimal ‘critical state’ hypo‐ hyperactivity. Here, present a dynamic framework for understanding child–caregiver context psychopathology. Early involve both passive entrainment, through which child's state entrains caregiver's, active contingent responsiveness, caregiver changes their behaviour response behaviours child. Similar principles, interactive asymmetric contingency, drive joint maintenance epistemic states well arousal/alertness, emotion regulation development. We describe three ways can develop atypically, conditions Autism, ADHD, anxiety depression. most well‐known these insufficient leading reduced synchrony, has been shown across range modalities different disorders, target current interventions. also evidence that excessive responsiveness synchrony some circumstances. And show positive feedback develop, mutually amplificatory further critical state. discuss implications findings future intervention research, directions work.

Language: Английский

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Parent-to-Child Anxiety Transmission Through Dyadic Social Dynamics: A Dynamic Developmental Model

Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 110 - 129

Published: Feb. 23, 2022

Language: Английский

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Father-child dyads exhibit unique inter-subject synchronization during co-viewing of animation video stimuli

Social Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 522 - 533

Published: Aug. 19, 2021

Inter-subject synchronization reflects the entrainment of two individuals to each other's brain signals. In parent-child dyads, indicates an attunement emotional states. Despite ubiquity with which parents and their children watch screen media together, no study has investigated in father-child dyads during co-viewing. The present examined whether would exhibit inter-subject that is unique dyad hence not be observed control (i.e., randomly paired signals). Hyperscanning fNIRS was used record prefrontal cortex (PFC) signals 29 fathers preschool-aged as they co-viewed children's shows. Three 1-min videos from "Brave", "Peppa Pig" "The Incredibles" were presented ratings video positivity familiarity obtained. Four PFC clusters analyzed: medial left, right, frontal left right clusters. Results demonstrated true showed significantly greater than cluster emotionally arousing conflict scene. Dyads older displayed less synchrony fathers, compared younger ones, exhibited activity. These findings suggest co-viewing potentially modulated by parental age.

Language: Английский

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Social EEG: A novel neurodevelopmental approach to studying brain‐behavior links and brain‐to‐brain synchrony during naturalistic toddler–parent interactions

Developmental Psychobiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 64(3)

Published: March 20, 2022

Abstract Despite increasing emphasis on emergent brain‐behavior patterns supporting language, cognitive, and socioemotional development in toddlerhood, methodologic challenges impede their characterization. Toddlers are notoriously difficult to engage brain research, leaving a developmental window which neural processes understudied. Further, electroencephalography (EEG) event‐related potential paradigms at this age typically employ structured, experimental tasks that rarely reflect formative naturalistic interactions with caregivers. Here, we introduce provide proof of concept for new “Social EEG” paradigm, parent–toddler dyads interact naturally during EEG recording. Parents toddlers sit table together different activities, such as book sharing or watching movie. is time locked the video recording interaction. Offline, behavioral data microcoded mutually exclusive engagement state codes. From 216 sessions date 2‐ 3‐year‐old parents, 72% successfully completed full Social suggesting it possible collect dual from parents interactions. In addition providing information about child within caregiving context, paradigm holds promise examination emerging constructs brain‐to‐brain synchrony children.

Language: Английский

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A context‐dependent perspective to understand the relation between parent–child physiological synchrony and child socioemotional adjustment

Developmental Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 28, 2024

Abstract Physiological synchrony is an important biological process during which parent–child interaction plays a significant role in shaping child socioemotional adjustment. The present study held context‐dependent perspective to examine the conditional association between physiological and adjustment (i.e., relationship quality with parents emotion regulation) under different from highly unsupportive supportive) emotional contexts. One hundred fifty school‐age Chinese children ( M age = 8.64 years, 63 girls) their primary caregivers participated this study. After attaching electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes, dyads were instructed complete 4‐minute conflict discussion task. Parent–child was calculated based on within‐dyad parents’ children's respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) levels across eight 30‐second epochs. Parental support, parents, regulation task coded by trained research assistants. Supporting our hypotheses, parental support moderated relations of RSA both regulation. Furthermore, Johnson‐Neyman technique moderation indicated that associations parent indicators shifted negative positive as became increasingly high. Our findings suggest may not be inherently adaptive or maladaptive, highlighting importance understanding function specific Research Highlights meanings might contingent contextual factors. regulation). More positive/less associated better supportive context, whereas poorer context. These highlight significance considering context studies.

Language: Английский

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Dyadic resilience after postpartum depression: The protective role of mother-infant respiratory sinus arrhythmia synchrony during play for maternal and child mental health across early childhood

Development and Psychopathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 17

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Abstract Coordination in mothers’ and their infants’ parasympathetic nervous system functioning (i.e., respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA] synchrony) specifically during playful interactions may promote resilience against exposure to postpartum depressive symptoms (PPD), for both members of the dyad. To test biobehavioral synchrony theory-derived hypotheses, we evaluated whether positive mother-infant RSA play attenuated associations between maternal PPD future child behavior problems symptoms. 322 low-income, Mexican-origin mothers children participated 5-min resting baseline free interaction tasks when were 24 weeks age; reported on at 12- 36-months age. Results multilevel structural equation models demonstrated that, though differed depending levels non-interactive tasks, protective benefits 12-month 36-month internalizing specific its assessment a interaction. suggest that dyadic coordination physiological capacities is an active mechanism promotes emotional distress children.

Language: Английский

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Individual patterns and synchrony of heart rate variability in adolescent patients with borderline personality psychopathology and their mothers: a case–control study

Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: April 9, 2025

Abstract Background In adolescent Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), interactions with caregivers often provoke dysregulation. Vagally-mediated heart rate variability (HRV), a physiological marker of regulatory capacities, shows alterations in BPD. Studies on individual and dyadic HRV adolescents BPD (BPD-A) their mothers (BPD-M) are lacking. We examined 1) resting state -, reactivity- recovery- HRV, 2) intrapersonal concordance interactional quality 3) mother-adolescent interpersonal HRV-synchrony 4) the association behavioral synchrony case–control design. Methods Thirty-eight (sub)syndromal BPD-A BPD-M were compared to 35 healthy control (HC-A/-M). was assessed during positive interaction, stress task before after (recovery). Behavior observed coded using “Coding Interactive Behavior”- Manual. Data analyzed multilevel modeling. Results showed lower than HC-A, while no group differences found for mothers. From BPD-A/BPD-M/HC-M significant increase HRV; this not HC-A. HRV-reactivity either but influenced by general emotional problems within both samples. Significant behavior could only be HC-M interaction (positive association). For BPD-M, complete disconnect between observed. BPD-dyads dyads displayed stress, HC-dyads higher rest interactions. Conclusions Our study is first investigating altered HRV-reactivity, behavior-HRV-concordance traits mothers, adding new insight regulation co-regulation pathology. Limitations implications these results discussed.

Language: Английский

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Individual Differences in Infants' Speech Segmentation Performance: The Role of Mother‐Infant Cardiac Synchrony

Infancy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

Caregiver-infant coregulation is an early form of communication. This study investigated whether mother-infant biological associated with 9-month-olds' word segmentation performance, a crucial milestone predicting language development. We hypothesized that would relate infants' performance. Additionally, we examined this relationship influenced by the caregiving environment (i.e., parental reflective functioning) and infant's emotional state positive affect). Coregulation was via cardiac synchrony in 28 nine-month-old infants (16 females) during 5-min free-play their German-speaking mothers. Cardiac measured through Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA), employing Recurrence Quantification Analysis to evaluate dyadic coupling Rate) predictability Entropy). Infants' eye-tracking central-fixation procedure. A stepwise regression revealed higher coupling, but not predictability, dyads' RSA looking longer toward screen when listening novel as compared familiar test words, indicating advanced performance (Cohen's d = 0.25). Moreover, correlated positively maternal sensitivity mental states, affect. These results suggest caregiver-infant may play foundational role acquisition.

Language: Английский

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Studying caregiver-infant co-regulation in dynamic, diverse cultural contexts: A call to action

Infant Behavior and Development, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 64, P. 101586 - 101586

Published: June 9, 2021

Caregivers and infants co-regulate their physiology, emotions, behavior in a way that is dynamically responsive to each other the contexts which they live. This paper an introduction call action for researchers interested understanding how study caregiver-infant interactions home diverse cultural contexts, including marginalized communities. We argue research will be more valid, culturally relevant, tapped-in daily lives of caregivers if there partnership collaboration with design questions, data collection analysis, distribution findings. recommend assessing behaviors, physiology using repeated sampling methods ecological momentary assessments (EMA), salivary bioscience, actigraphy. aim extend current practices studying co-regulation by measuring fluctuations life considering sociocultural factors shape naturalistic interactions. Using methodological advancements community-based participatory approaches can enable developmental scientists measure as it actually lived.

Language: Английский

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Emotion contagion and physiological synchrony: The more intimate relationships, the more contagion of positive emotions

Physiology & Behavior, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 275, P. 114434 - 114434

Published: Dec. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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