Parental divorce in early life and entrepreneurial performance in adulthood

Journal of Business Venturing, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(3), P. 106390 - 106390

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

We examine how parental divorce in early life affects performance entrepreneurship adulthood. Drawing on course theory and empirical analyses of US self-employment childhood data from the National Longitudinal Survey Youth 1979, we show that entrepreneurs' experience benefits their entrepreneurial adulthood through a gain self-efficacy while simultaneously suppressing shortfall human capital. also whether advantages or disadvantages dominate depends While is associated with underperformance for entrepreneurs whose parents have high levels capital, it positively related to those low Our study contributes new evidence intertemporal relationship between past family contexts present performance.

Language: Английский

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Annual Research Review: Mapping the multifaceted approaches and impacts of adverse childhood experiences – an umbrella review of meta‐analyses

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 21, 2024

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) significantly impact lifelong health and well‐being. Despite extensive research, a comprehensive understanding of ACEs' multifaceted impacts continues to be challenging achieve. This study synthesizes meta‐analytic evidence provide view effects, addressing various approaches conceptualizing ACEs their diverse outcomes. Employing an umbrella synthesis methodology, this review integrated findings from 99 meta‐analyses involving 592 effect sizes. We examined through specificity, lumping, dimensional, child maltreatment‐centric approaches, assessing across six domains: biological system dysregulation, neuropsychological impairments, physical complications, mental conditions, social behavioral challenges, criminal justice involvement. The reveal small moderate overall size outcome domains. Specific ACE exhibited varying levels, with notable differences in effects on health, social/behavioral issues, When were aggregated without distinguishing between different types, but consideration cumulative adverse outcomes exacerbated. approach consistently demonstrated substantial all evaluated underscores the heterogeneity impacts, influenced by type specific considered. It highlights necessity for understanding, preventing, mitigating ACEs. These insights are vital developing targeted interventions informing policy‐making, emphasizing complexity varied nature influence individual development societal

Language: Английский

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The effect of mortality salience and early-life maternal care on neuroendocrine, autonomic, and psychological stress responses

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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Adverse childhood experiences, anger, and violence among justice-involved youth: A network analysis

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 161, P. 107301 - 107301

Published: Feb. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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Associations of adverse childhood experiences with youths’ depressive symptoms: respiratory sinus arrhythmia reactivity matters

Current Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 15, 2025

Language: Английский

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Behavioral Ecology in Psychology: Making Sense of Many Conceptualizations and Operationalizations of Harshness and Unpredictability

Evolutionary Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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The influence of deprivation on cortical development and psychotic symptoms in youth

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 10, 2025

Background People with early‐life experiences of deprivation are more likely to develop psychotic symptoms. While the mechanisms this relationship poorly understood, research suggests a role cortical development. Methods In 6323 youth from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, we examined associations between total, material, interpersonal, cognitive and neighbourhood at age 9–11 years psychotic‐like (PLEs) 2 later. We then investigated whether were mediated by variation in volume baseline or rate change follow‐up. Sex‐specific effects throughout. Results All measures associated greater PLEs. Most these partially structure widespread regions, including lower ventral visual sensorimotor regions particularly females, steeper decline association areas. Conclusions Early‐life may be via disruption structure. This phenomenon is common several forms continues into early adolescence certain regions.

Language: Английский

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Research Review: Assessment of early‐life adversity and trauma – cumulative risk and dimensional approaches

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

In this research review, we present approaches and recommendations for assessing early‐life adversity childhood trauma aligned with two leading conceptual models of adversity: cumulative risk dimensional models. We summarize the measurement implications each model common in studies utilizing these consider other critical components assessment trauma, including retrospective prospective reporting, objective subjective measurement, caregiver child reporting. Finally, briefly existing interview questionnaire measures that are widely used to assess using both approaches. This work suggests there is greater heterogeneity relative those model, which allows more flexibility adversity. addition, observed detailed were available experiences threat compared deprivation. Measures terms frequency severity across multiple dimensions experience within a single measure needed facilitate consistent reliable particularly when applying

Language: Английский

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Prenatal Household Income Instability and Infant Subcortical Brain Volumes

Developmental Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(4)

Published: May 7, 2025

ABSTRACT Prenatal stress exposure may negatively influence the development of amygdala and hippocampus. Although there is significant income instability during pregnancy, it can increase among pregnant parents, impact on brain not well understood. The present study examined association between household losses pregnancy hippocampus volumes in early infancy. A total 63 infants from a prospective longitudinal individuals their completed an MRI natural sleep. number negative month‐to‐month earnings shocks (defined as arc percent change [APC] −25 or greater) was significantly associated with smaller right hippocampal volumes. This suggests that perinatal period are infant structure after birth. These findings provide support for public programs prioritize financial consistency, especially sensitive periods like pregnancy.

Language: Английский

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The effect of cognitive reappraisal and early-life maternal care on neuroendocrine stress responses

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 21, 2024

Abstract Early-life adversity (ELA) is related to profound dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, reflected in both, blunted or exaggerated cortisol stress responses adulthood. Emotion regulation strategies such as cognitive reappraisal might contribute this inconsistent finding. Here, we investigate an interaction early-life maternal care (MC), where low MC represents a form ELA, and instructed emotion on acute stress. Ninety-three healthy young women were assigned ( n = 33) high 60) group, based self-reported MC. In laboratory, participants received instructions, asking cognitively reappraise (reappraisal 45) focus senses (control 48) during subsequent exposure, induced by Trier Social Stress Test. Salivary subjective levels measured repeatedly throughout experiment. Multilevel model analyses confirmed effect trajectories, while controlling for hormonal status. Individuals with control compared group showed increased responses; individuals did not differ. These results highlight significance HPA axis following ELA exposure. They provide methodological health implications, indicating promising target treatment interventions history ELA.

Language: Английский

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