Catalytic Synthesis of Atropoisomers via Non‐Canonical Friedel‐Crafts Reactions DOI

Xutong Ye,

Xixiang Yu,

Rui Deng

et al.

Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 366(8), P. 1670 - 1706

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Abstract The Friedel‐Crafts reaction stands as a powerful synthetic tool for C−H functionalization of aromatic feedstocks, which is conventionally realized through electrophilic alkylation and acylation. burgeoning interests in axially chiral compounds across diverse fields have spurred extensive exploration this classic transformation catalytic atroposelective synthesis. Consequently, the past decade has witnessed rapid expansion various non‐canonical reactions, including arylation, alkenylation, halogenation, sulfenylation, amination aryl bonds, thereby delving into new chemical spaces. A range methods been devised these significant arene functionalization. This review provides comprehensive overview cutting‐edge synthesis atropoisomers categorized three parts based on type bond formation aromatics: C( sp 2 )−C( 3 ) formations, formations )−heteroatom formations. richness electrophiles modulation atroposelectivity by organocatalysts, particularly Brønsted acids, are elucidated. We anticipate that repertoire asymmetric will continue to flourish be demonstrated not only scientific researches but also industrial organic

Language: Английский

Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Larock Indole Synthesis to Access Axially Chiral N-Arylindoles DOI
Genwei Zhang, Bin Yang, Junfeng Yang

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 146(8), P. 5493 - 5501

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Larock indole synthesis is one of the most straightforward and efficient methods for indoles; however, there has been no asymmetric version yet construction indole-based axially chiral N-arylindoles since its initial report in 1991. Herein we first example an by employing a sulfinamide phosphine (SadPhos) ligand (Ming-Phos) with palladium. It allows rapid wide range N-arylindole compounds good yields up to 98:2 er. The application this unique scaffold as organocatalyst promising. Furthermore, kinetic study revealed that alkyne migratory insertion rate-determining step, which proven density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Additionally, DFT studies also suggest N–C dihedral difference caused steric hindrance contributes enantioselectivity control.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Catalytic Asymmetric Diastereodivergent Synthesis of 2-Alkenylindoles Bearing both Axial and Central Chirality DOI Creative Commons
Shuang Yang,

Jia-Bo Huang,

Dahua Wang

et al.

Precision Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(5), P. 208 - 220

Published: April 23, 2024

The catalytic asymmetric diastereodivergent synthesis of axially chiral 2-alkenylindoles was established via phosphoric acid-catalyzed addition reactions C3-unsubstituted with

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Catalytic atroposelective synthesis of indolyl quinazolinones bearing N–N/C–C diaxes DOI

Ning‐Yi Wang,

Shuo Gao,

Zhiwei Shu

et al.

Science China Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Recent advances in Pd-catalyzed asymmetric cyclization reactions DOI
Bing Xu,

Quanpu Wang,

Chao Fang

et al.

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 53(2), P. 883 - 971

Published: Dec. 18, 2023

This review aims to collect advancements in enantioselective palladium-catalyzed cyclization reactions over the past eleven years, and it is organized into thirteen sections depending on different types of transformations involved.

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Design and Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Furan‐Indole Compounds Bearing both Axial and Central Chirality DOI
Jing‐Yi Wang,

Cong‐Hui Gao,

Cheng Ma

et al.

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 63(8)

Published: Dec. 29, 2023

Abstract In the chemistry community, catalytic asymmetric synthesis of furan‐based compounds bearing both axial and central chirality has proven to be a significant but challenging issue owing importance difficulty in constructing such frameworks. this work, we have realized first five‐five‐membered via organocatalytic (2+4) annulation achiral furan‐indoles with 2,3‐indolyldimethanols uncommon regioselectivity. By strategy, furan‐indole were synthesized high yields excellent regio‐, diastereo‐, enantioselectivities. Moreover, theoretical calculations conducted provide an in‐depth understanding reaction pathway, activation mode, origin selectivity.

Language: Английский

Citations

31
Synthesis of Alkene Atropisomers with Multiple Stereogenic Elements via Catalytic Asymmetric Rearrangement of 3‐Indolylmethanols DOI
Ping Wu,

Wen‐Tao Zhang,

Jixiang Yang

et al.

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 23, 2024

Abstract Catalytic enantioselective preparation of alkene atropisomers with multiple stereogenic elements and discovery their applications have become significant but challenging issues in the scientific community due to unique structures this class atropisomers. We herein report first catalytic atroposelective cyclopentenyl[ b ]indoles, a new kind atropisomers, point axial chirality via an unusual rearrangement reaction 3‐indolylmethanols under asymmetric organocatalysis. Notably, novel type promising developing chiral ligands or organocatalysts, discovering antitumor drug candidates fluorescence imaging materials. Moreover, theoretical calculations elucidated possible mechanism non‐covalent interactions control enantioselectivity. This approach offers synthetic strategy for elements, represents 3‐indolylmethanols, which will advance chemistry indole chemistry.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Atroposelective Synthesis of Pyridoindolones Bearing Two Remote Distinct C–N Axes through Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioselective C–H Activation DOI
Pu‐Fan Qian, Yanxuan Wu,

Jia-Heng Hu

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 13, 2025

C–N axially chiral compounds represent an important class of atropisomers that are prevalent in bioactive and material molecules. Despite recent advances synthetic methodologies, the asymmetric construction featuring multiple axes has been rarely explored, significantly limiting their further applications. Herein, we report a novel atroposelective synthesis diaxially pyridoindolones both six–five six–six through cobalt-catalyzed C–H annulation. This approach demonstrates exceptional efficiency, yielding diverse array with excellent yields atroposelectivities (60 examples, up to >99% yield, ee, >20:1 dr). Mechanistic studies revealed stereochemistry were generated fixed simultaneously during cyclometalation step, along unexpected amplification effect. The practicality this protocol is underscored by successful gram-scale syntheses various transformations, including formation phosphine ligand. Notably, photoluminescence quantum (ΦF 0.99) positive solvatochromism observed, coupled significant chiroptical properties, underscoring potential applications these organic fluorescent materials.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of N−N Biaryl Atropisomers DOI
Jia Feng, Renrong Liu

Chemistry - A European Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(2)

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Atropisomers have emerged as important structural scaffolds in natural products, drug design, and asymmetric synthesis. Recently, N-N biaryl atropisomers drawn increasing interest due to their unique structure relatively stable axes. However, its synthesis remains scarce compared well-developed C-C analogs. In this concept, we summarize the of including pyrrole-pyrrole, pyrrole-indole, indole-indole, indole-carbazole, during which a series synthetic strategies are highlighted. Also, evolution is briefly reviewed an outlook offered.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Pd-catalyzed asymmetric Larock reaction for the atroposelective synthesis of N─N chiral indoles DOI Creative Commons
Jinlei Wang, Deng Pan, Fen Wang

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(19)

Published: May 10, 2024

Atropisomeric indoles defined by a N─N axis are an important class of heterocycles in synthetic and medicinal chemistry material sciences. However, they remain heavily underexplored due to limited methods challenging stereocontrol over the short bonds. Here, we report highly atroposelective access axially chiral via asymmetric Larock reaction. This protocol leveraged powerful role phosphoramidite ligand attenuate common dissociation original reaction, forming with excellent functional group tolerance high enantioselectivity palladium-catalyzed intermolecular annulation between readily available o -iodoaniline alkynes. The multifunctionality prepared allowed diverse post-coupling transformations, affording broad array functionalized indoles. Experimental computational studies have been conducted explore reaction mechanism, elucidating enantio-determining rate-limiting steps.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Intermolecular Buchwald–Hartwig Reactions for Enantioselective Synthesis of Diverse Atropisomers: Rerouting the C–N Forming Mechanism to Substrate Oxygen-Assisted Reductive Elimination DOI
Wei Wang, Mingwei Jiang, Junwei Li

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 146(24), P. 16567 - 16580

Published: June 7, 2024

Axially chiral biaryls featuring a C–N axis are important functional molecules in diverse fields. The asymmetric Buchwald–Hartwig reaction represents powerful strategy for these targets. Previous studies, however, have been predominantly restricted to intramolecular atroposelective coupling, likely due the steric and entropic effects reductive elimination of Pd(II) species with sterically congested aryl nitrogen groups. We now report two intermolecular coupling systems bulky NH lactams halohydrocarbons enabled by rerouting mechanism one that accommodates challenging substrates. Both exhibited group tolerance, excellent enantioselectivity, high Z selectivity (if applicable), affording atropisomeric biaryl olefins through de novo construction axis. Experimental computational studies were performed elucidate mechanism, switch pathways is traced effect (ortho substituent) halide substrate. A 2,6-disubstituted reorients proximal lactamide ligand its unusual O-ligation mode. With amide oxygen participation, this intermediate undergoes an accessible barrier five-membered ring transition state, pathway as well induction mode has much underexplored catalysis.

Language: Английский

Citations

6