Multifunctional Hydrogel Microneedles (HMNs) in Drug Delivery and Diagnostics

Gels, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 206 - 206

Published: March 15, 2025

Hydrogel microneedles (HMNs) have emerged as a transformative platform for minimally invasive drug delivery and biosensing, offering enhanced bioavailability, controlled release, real-time biomarker detection. By leveraging swelling hydrogels, nanomaterial integration, stimuli-responsive properties, HMNs provide precision medicine capabilities across diverse therapeutic diagnostic applications. However, challenges remain in mechanical stability, hydrogel-based MNs must balance flexibility with sufficient strength skin penetration. Drug retention release require optimization to prevent premature diffusion ensure sustained effects. Additionally, biosensing accuracy is influenced by variability interstitial fluid extraction signal transduction. Clinical translation hindered regulatory hurdles, scalability concerns, the need extensive safety validation human trials. This review critically examines key materials, fabrication techniques, functional testing frameworks of while addressing these limitations. Furthermore, we explore future research directions smart wearable MNs, AI-assisted hybrid drug–device platforms optimize transdermal medicine. Overcoming barriers will drive clinical adoption HMNs, paving way next-generation patient-centered therapeutics diagnostics.

Language: Английский

Development and application of highly sensitive protein sensor based on spatial conformation of sodium alginate gel-stabilized HE4

Microchemical Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 113863 - 113863

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский