Electrocatalysis as an enabling technology for organic synthesis

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 50(14), P. 7941 - 8002

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Electrochemistry has recently gained increased attention as a versatile strategy for achieving challenging transformations at the forefront of synthetic organic chemistry. Electrochemistry's unique ability to generate highly reactive radical and ion intermediates in controlled fashion under mild conditions inspired development number new electrochemical methodologies preparation valuable chemical motifs. Particularly, recent developments electrosynthesis have featured an use redox-active electrocatalysts further enhance control over selective formation downstream reactivity these intermediates. Furthermore, electrocatalytic mediators enable proceed manner that is mechanistically distinct from purely methods, allowing subversion kinetic thermodynamic obstacles encountered conventional synthesis. This review highlights key innovations within past decade area electrocatalysis, with emphasis on mechanisms catalyst design principles underpinning advancements. A host oxidative reductive are discussed grouped according classification transformation nature electrocatalyst.

Language: Английский

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Organic Electrochemistry: Molecular Syntheses with Potential

ACS Central Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 415 - 431

Published: March 9, 2021

Efficient and selective molecular syntheses are paramount to

Language: Английский

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Future of industry 5.0 in society: human-centric solutions, challenges and prospective research areas

Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Abstract Industry 4.0 has been provided for the last 10 years to benefit industry and shortcomings; finally, time 5.0 arrived. Smart factories are increasing business productivity; therefore, limitations. In this paper, there is a discussion of opportunities as well limitations future research prospects. changing paradigm brings resolution since it will decrease emphasis on technology assume that potential progress based collaboration among humans machines. The industrial revolution improving customer satisfaction by utilizing personalized products. modern with paid technological developments, required gaining competitive advantages economic growth factory. paper aimed analyze applications 5.0. At first, definitions advanced technologies in revolution. There also enabled like healthcare, supply chain, production manufacturing, cloud etc. discussed big data analytics, Internet Things, collaborative robots, Blockchain, digital twins 6G systems. study included difficulties issues examined head comprehend caused organizations robots people assembly line.

Language: Английский

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Homogeneous Catalysis for Sustainable Energy: Hydrogen and Methanol Economies, Fuels from Biomass, and Related Topics

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 122(1), P. 385 - 441

Published: Nov. 2, 2021

As the world pledges to significantly cut carbon emissions, demand for sustainable and clean energy has now become more important than ever. This includes both production storage of carriers, a majority which involve catalytic reactions. article reviews recent developments homogeneous catalysts in emerging applications energy. The most focus been on hydrogen as several efficient have reported recently (de)hydrogenative transformations promising economy. Another direction that extensively covered this review is methanol Homogeneous investigated from CO

Language: Английский

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Electromicrobiology: the ecophysiology of phylogenetically diverse electroactive microorganisms

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 5 - 19

Published: July 27, 2021

Language: Английский

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Photons or Electrons? A Critical Comparison of Electrochemistry and Photoredox Catalysis for Organic Synthesis

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 122(2), P. 2487 - 2649

Published: Nov. 9, 2021

Redox processes are at the heart of synthetic methods that rely on either electrochemistry or photoredox catalysis, but how do and catalysis compare? Both approaches provide access to high energy intermediates (e.g., radicals) enable bond formations not constrained by rules ionic 2 electron (e) mechanisms. Instead, they 1e mechanisms capable bypassing electronic steric limitations protecting group requirements, thus enabling chemists disconnect molecules in new different ways. However, while providing similar intermediates, differ several physical chemistry principles. Understanding those differences can be key designing transformations forging disconnections. This review aims highlight these similarities between comparing their underlying principles describing impact electrochemical photochemical methods.

Language: Английский

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Advances on the Merger of Electrochemistry and Transition Metal Catalysis for Organic Synthesis

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 122(3), P. 3180 - 3218

Published: Nov. 19, 2021

Synthetic organic electrosynthesis has grown in the past few decades by achieving many valuable transformations for synthetic chemists. Although electrocatalysis been popular improving selectivity and efficiency a wide variety of energy-related applications, last two decades, there much interest to develop conceptually novel transformations, selective functionalization, sustainable reactions. This review discusses recent advances combination electrochemistry homogeneous transition-metal catalysis synthesis. The enabling mechanistic studies are presented alongside advantages as well future directions address challenges metal-catalyzed electrosynthesis.

Language: Английский

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Dual‐Metal Atom Electrocatalysts: Theory, Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(3)

Published: Dec. 5, 2021

Abstract Electrochemical clean energy conversion and the production of sustainable chemicals are critical in journey to realizing a truly society. To progress electrochemical storage devices commercialization, improving electrocatalyst performance cost utmost importance. Research into dual‐metal atom catalysts (DACs) is rising prominence due advantages these sites over single‐metal (SACs), such as breaking scaling relationships for adsorption reaction intermediates synergistic effects. This review provides an examination fundamental theoretical principles experimental DACs idealized half cells, well fuel before proceeding analyze methods used producing identifying DACs. Current challenges potential future research directions also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Charge Transfer and Biocompatibility Aspects in Conducting Polymer-Based Enzymatic Biosensors and Biofuel Cells

Nanomaterials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 371 - 371

Published: Feb. 2, 2021

Charge transfer (CT) is a very important issue in the design of biosensors and biofuel cells. Some nanomaterials can be applied to facilitate CT these bioelectronics-based devices. In this review, we overview some mechanisms and/or pathways that are most frequently established between redox enzymes electrodes. Facilitation indirect by application electrochemical enzymatic More sophisticated still rather rarely observed direct charge (DCT), which often addressed as electron (DET), therefore, DCT/DET also targeted discussed review. The conducting polymers (CPs) for immobilization facilitation during cells overviewed. Significant attention paid various ways synthesis such polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). CP-based sensors discussed, taking into account not only

Language: Английский

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Green Chemistry, Biocatalysis, and the Chemical Industry of the Future

ChemSusChem, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(9)

Published: Jan. 13, 2022

In the movement to decarbonize our economy and move away from fossil fuels we will need harness waste products of activities, such as lignocellulose, methane, carbon dioxide. Our wastes be integrated into a circular where used are recycled manufacturing cycle. Key this recycling plastics at resin monomer levels. Biotechnology is well suited future chemical industry that must adapt widely distributed diverse biological feedstocks. increasing mastery biotechnology allowing us develop enzymes organisms can synthesize widening selection desirable bulk chemicals, including plastics, commercially viable productivities. Integration bioreactors with electrochemical systems permit new production opportunities enhanced productivities advantage using low-carbon electricity renewable sustainable sources.

Language: Английский

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