3d Transition Metals for C–H Activation

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 119(4), P. 2192 - 2452

Published: Nov. 27, 2018

C–H activation has surfaced as an increasingly powerful tool for molecular sciences, with notable applications to material crop protection, drug discovery, and pharmaceutical industries, among others. Despite major advances, the vast majority of these functionalizations required precious 4d or 5d transition metal catalysts. Given cost-effective sustainable nature earth-abundant first row metals, development less toxic, inexpensive 3d catalysts gained considerable recent momentum a significantly more environmentally-benign economically-attractive alternative. Herein, we provide comprehensive overview on until summer 2018.

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive overview of directing groups applied in metal-catalysed C–H functionalisation chemistry

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 47(17), P. 6603 - 6743

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

The present review is devoted to summarizing the recent advances (2015-2017) in field of metal-catalysed group-directed C-H functionalisation. In order clearly showcase molecular diversity that can now be accessed by means directed functionalisation, whole organized following directing groups installed on a substrate. Its aim comprehensive reference work, where specific group easily found, together with transformations which have been carried out it. Hence, primary format this schemes accompanied concise explanatory text, are ordered sections according their chemical structure. feature typical substrates used, products obtained as well required reaction conditions. Importantly, each example commented respect most important positive features and drawbacks, aspects such selectivity, substrate scope, conditions, removal, greenness. targeted readership both experts functionalisation chemistry (to provide overview progress made last years) and, even more so, all organic chemists who want introduce way thinking for design straightforward, efficient step-economic synthetic routes towards molecules interest them. Accordingly, should particular also scientists from industrial R&D sector. overall goal promote application reactions outside research dedicated method development establishing it valuable archetype contemporary R&D, comparable role cross-coupling play date.

Language: Английский

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Reduction of Nitro Compounds Using 3d-Non-Noble Metal Catalysts

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 119(4), P. 2611 - 2680

Published: Dec. 5, 2018

The reduction of nitro compounds to the corresponding amines is one most utilized catalytic processes in fine and bulk chemical industry. latest development catalysts with cheap metals like Fe, Co, Ni, Cu has led their tremendous achievements over last years prompting greater application as "standard" catalysts. In this review, we will comprehensively discuss use homogeneous heterogeneous based on non-noble 3d-metals for using various reductants. different systems be revised considering both performances synthetic aspects highlighting also advantages disadvantages.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Oxidative R¹-H/R²-H Cross-Coupling with Hydrogen Evolution via Photo-/Electrochemistry

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 119(12), P. 6769 - 6787

Published: May 10, 2019

Photo-/electrochemical catalyzed oxidative R1-H/R2-H cross-coupling with hydrogen evolution has become an increasingly important issue for molecular synthesis. The dream of construction C-C/C-X bonds from readily available C-H/X-H release H2 can be facilely achieved without external chemical oxidants, providing a greener model bond formation. Given the great influence these reactions in organic chemistry, we give summary state art via photo/electrochemistry, and hope this review will stimulate development synthetic strategy near future.

Language: Английский

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Organic Electrochemistry: Molecular Syntheses with Potential

ACS Central Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 415 - 431

Published: March 9, 2021

Efficient and selective molecular syntheses are paramount to

Language: Английский

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Walking Metals for Remote Functionalization

ACS Central Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 153 - 165

Published: Feb. 8, 2018

The distant and selective activation of unreactive C–H C–C bonds remains one the biggest challenges in organic chemistry. In recent years, development remote functionalization has received growing interest as it allows for rather challenging from initiation point by means a "metal-walk". A "metal-walk" or "chain-walk" is defined an iterative series consecutive 1,2- 1,3-hydride shifts metal complex along single hydrocarbon chain. With this approach, simple building blocks mixtures thereof can be transformed into scaffolds convergent unified strategy. variety catalytic systems have been developed refined over past decade ranging late-transition-metal complexes to more sustainable iron- cobalt-based systems. As possibilities field are slowly unfolding, area research will contribute considerably provide solutions yet unmet synthetic challenges.

Language: Английский

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Toolbox for Distal C–H Bond Functionalizations in Organic Molecules

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 122(6), P. 5682 - 5841

Published: Oct. 18, 2021

Transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation has developed a contemporary approach to the omnipresent area of retrosynthetic disconnection. Scientific researchers have been tempted take help this methodology plan their synthetic discourses. This paradigm shift helped in development industrial units as well, making synthesis natural products and pharmaceutical drugs step-economical. In vast zone bond activation, functionalization proximal bonds gained utmost popularity. Unlike bonds, distal is more strenuous requires distinctly specialized techniques. review, we compiled various methods adopted functionalize mechanistic insights within each these procedures, scope methodology. With give complete overview expeditious progress made field organic chemistry while also highlighting its pitfalls, thus leaving open for further modifications.

Language: Английский

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Enantioselective C−H Activation with Earth‐Abundant 3d Transition Metals

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 58(37), P. 12803 - 12818

Published: May 11, 2019

Molecular syntheses largely rely on time- and labour-intensive prefunctionalization strategies. In contrast, C-H activation represents an increasingly powerful approach that avoids lengthy of prefunctionalized substrates, with great potential for drug discovery, the pharmaceutical industry, material sciences, crop protection, among others. The enantioselective functionalization omnipresent bonds has emerged as a transformative tool step- atom-economical generation chiral molecular complexity. However, this rapidly growing research area remains dominated by noble transition metals, prominently featuring toxic palladium, iridium rhodium catalysts. Indeed, despite significant achievements, use inexpensive sustainable 3d metals in asymmetric activations is still clearly its infancy. Herein, we discuss remarkable recent progress transformations via organometallic base up to April 2019.

Language: Английский

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Transition-Metal-Catalyzed, Coordination-Assisted Functionalization of Nonactivated C(sp³)–H Bonds

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 121(24), P. 14957 - 15074

Published: Oct. 29, 2021

Transition-metal-catalyzed, coordination-assisted C(sp3)–H functionalization has revolutionized synthetic planning over the past few decades as use of these directing groups allowed for increased access to many strategic positions in organic molecules. Nonetheless, several challenges remain preeminent, such requirement high temperatures, difficulty removing or converting groups, and, although metals provide some reactivity, employing outside palladium. This review aims give a comprehensive overview coordination-assisted, transition-metal-catalyzed, direct nonactivated bonds by covering literature since 2004 order demonstrate current state-of-the-art methods well limitations. For clarity, this been divided into nine sections transition metal catalyst with subdivisions type bond formation. Synthetic applications and reaction mechanism are discussed where appropriate.

Language: Английский

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Transition Metal-Catalyzed Organic Reactions under Visible Light: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives

ACS Catalysis, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(16), P. 9170 - 9196

Published: July 20, 2020

The development of transition metal (TM) catalysis for organic synthesis under visible light without recourse to typical photoredox catalysts has become a rapidly growing area research and been actively explored in the past several years. Distinct from extensively developed catalysis, which photocatalyst generally does not directly participate bond-forming process, photocatalyst/TM synergistic absorbs photon energy transfers TM catalyst through redox or transfer this Review focuses on summarizing recent developments photocatalytic reactions that use complexes both absorb catalytic bond formation involving covalently bonded intermediate. contents are categorized by used (Pd, Cu, Co, Ni, Mn, Au, Rh, Fe, Ru), with descending sequence according number examples reported each metal, provide an overview April 2020. Future perspectives personal opinions regarding expanding field also discussed.

Language: Английский

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