Environmental Chemistry Letters,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(4), P. 1861 - 1888
Published: April 4, 2024
Abstract
Microplastics
are
emerging
contaminants
that
undergo
progressive
aging
under
environmental
conditions
such
as
sunlight
irradiation,
mechanical
forces,
temperature
variations,
and
the
presence
of
biological
organisms.
Since
modifies
microplastic
properties,
their
own
toxicity
trapped
pollutants,
advanced
methods
to
analyze
microplastics
required.
Here
we
review
with
focus
on
process,
qualitative
identification,
quantitative
characterization,
chemometrics.
Qualitative
identification
is
done
by
techniques,
thermal
e.g.,
degradation
gas
chromatography–mass
spectrometry,
spectral
infrared,
Raman,
fluorescent,
laser
techniques.
Quantitative
characterization
microscopy
mass
spectrometry.
Microplastic
results
in
a
series
surface
physical
changes,
biofilm
formation,
chemical
oxidation,
alternation,
deterioration.
Changes
properties
allow
differentiate
aged
microplastics.
Infrared
Raman
spectroscopy
rapid
sensitive
for
complex
samples.
Combining
two
techniques
preferable
accurate
detection
categorization.
Environmental Research,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
208, P. 112741 - 112741
Published: Jan. 19, 2022
It
has
been
established
that
various
anthropogenic
contaminants
have
already
reached
all
the
world's
pristine
locations,
including
polar
regions.
While
some
of
those
contaminants,
such
as
lead
and
soot,
are
decreasing
in
environment,
thanks
to
international
regulations,
other
novel
emerge.
Plastic
pollution
shown
a
durable
pollutant,
and,
since
recently,
smaller
plastics
particles
identified
environments
(air,
water
soil).
Considerable
research
exists
measuring
5
mm
micrometre
size
range
(microplastics).
However,
far
less
is
known
about
debris
fragmented
sub-micrometre
(nanoplastics).
As
these
small
light,
it
expected
they
most
remote
places
on
Earth,
e.g.
transported
across
globe
by
air
movement.
In
this
work,
we
used
method
based
Thermal
Desorption
-
Proton
Transfer
Reaction
Mass
Spectrometry
(TD-PTR-MS)
detect
measure
nanoplastics
different
types
sampled
from
Greenland
firn
core
(T2015-A5)
sea
ice
Antarctica.
We
identify
polyethylene
(PE),
polypropylene
(PP),
terephthalate
(PET),
polystyrene
(PS),
polyvinyl
chloride
(PVC),
Tire
wear
nanoparticles
14
m
deep
PE,
PP
PET
Nanoplastics
mass
concentrations
were
average
13.2
ng/mL
for
samples
52.3
Antarctic
ice.
further
discuss
possible
sources
found
at
which
likely
involve
complex
processes
plastic
circulation
(emission
both
land
surface,
atmospheric
marine
circulation).
Biosensors,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(6), P. 187 - 187
Published: June 8, 2021
Food
detection
technologies
play
a
vital
role
in
ensuring
food
safety
the
supply
chains.
Conventional
methods
for
biological,
chemical,
and
physical
contaminants
are
labor-intensive,
expensive,
time-consuming,
often
alter
samples.
These
limitations
drive
need
of
industry
developing
more
practical
tools
that
can
detect
all
three
classes.
Raman
spectroscopy
offer
widespread
assessment
non-destructive,
ease-to-operate,
sensitive,
rapid
manner.
Recent
advances
spectroscopic
further
improve
capabilities
contaminants,
which
largely
boosts
its
applications
safety.
In
this
review,
we
introduce
basic
principles
spectroscopy,
surface-enhanced
(SERS),
micro-Raman
imaging;
summarize
recent
progress
to
hazards
foods;
discuss
future
perspectives
surveillance.
This
review
is
aimed
emphasize
potential
opportunities
applying
as
promising
technique
detection.
ACS ES&T Engineering,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
1(11), P. 1481 - 1501
Published: Sept. 30, 2021
Microplastic
waste
is
an
emerging
global
issue
due
to
its
environmental
effect
of
accumulation
in
ecosystems,
and
managing
systems
have
given
rise
presence
the
aquatic
environment.
It
gaining
attention
persistent
nature
potential
adverse
effects
on
living
organisms.
There
urgent
need
for
development
efficient
degradation
methods
microplastic
(MP)
treatment.
In
this
review,
a
comprehensive
overview
current
MPs,
such
as
biological,
photo,
chemical,
mechanical
been
summarized
discussed
detail.
All
fundamental
mechanisms
MP
natural
environment
are
linked
with
remediation
approaches
accelerate
these
that
occur
nature.
Decomposition
efficiency
applied
system's
limitations
has
also
mentioned.
Furthermore,
knowledge
gaps
about
decomposition,
future
research
directions
proposed.
This
work
offers
summary
decomposition
provides
reference
control
pollution.
Chemical Engineering Journal Advances,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11, P. 100310 - 100310
Published: April 29, 2022
The
prevalence
of
micro
and
nanoplastics
(MNPs)
across
the
various
environments
their
negative
impact
on
ecosystems
have
become
a
serious
global
threat
are
currently
subject
many
environmental
concerns.
Studies
provided
evidence
that
MNPs
potential
to
leach
toxic
plastic
chemical
additives
can
adsorb
variety
persistent
organic
pollutants,
thereby
enhancing
bioavailability,
toxicity,
dispersion.
Moreover,
these
easily
penetrate
food
chain
might
cause
health
problems
when
ingested
by
humans
other
organisms.
Currently,
there
is
complexity
in
understanding
mechanisms
which
chemicals
adsorb/desorb
onto/from
MNPs,
physical
biological
impacts
additives.
To
date,
considerable
lack
knowledge
major
concern
used
industry,
fate
once
dispose
into
environment,
factors
affect
degradation,
consequent
human
health.
This
review
critically
analyzes
current
concerning
physical,
chemical,
pollutants
associated
with
MNPs.
Emphasis
was
laid
types,
occurrence,
fate,
distribution
environment.
different
techniques
identification,
characterization,
removal
were
also
elucidated.
Furthermore,
harmful
effects
discussed
spur
more
future
studies
fill
gaps
this
area.
