How biochar works, and when it doesn't: A review of mechanisms controlling soil and plant responses to biochar

GCB Bioenergy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 1731 - 1764

Published: July 27, 2021

Abstract We synthesized 20 years of research to explain the interrelated processes that determine soil and plant responses biochar. The properties biochar its effects within agricultural ecosystems largely depend on feedstock pyrolysis conditions. describe three stages reactions in soil: dissolution (1–3 weeks); reactive surface development (1–6 months); aging (beyond 6 months). As ages, it is incorporated into aggregates, protecting carbon promoting stabilization rhizodeposits microbial products. Biochar persists for hundreds thousands years. By increasing pH, porosity, water availability, biochars can create favorable conditions root functions. Biochars catalyze biotic abiotic reactions, particularly rhizosphere, increase nutrient supply uptake by plants, reduce phytotoxins, stimulate development, resilience disease environmental stressors. Meta‐analyses found that, average, P availability a factor 4.6; decrease tissue concentration heavy metals 17%–39%; build organic through negative priming 3.8% (range −21% +20%); non‐CO 2 greenhouse gas emissions from 12%–50%. show average crop yield increases 10%–42% with addition, greatest low‐nutrient P‐sorbing acidic soils (common tropics), sandy drylands due retention holding capacity. Studies report wide range diversity contexts which have been applied. Crop yields strongly if site‐specific constraints limitations are mitigated appropriate formulations. be tailored address site selection, modifying conditions, pre‐ or post‐production treatments, co‐application mineral fertilizers. demonstrate how, when used wisely, mitigates climate change supports food security circular economy.

Language: Английский

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Waste-derived biochar for water pollution control and sustainable development

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(7), P. 444 - 460

Published: June 21, 2022

Language: Английский

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A critical review on performance indicators for evaluating soil biota and soil health of biochar-amended soils

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 414, P. 125378 - 125378

Published: Feb. 18, 2021

Language: Английский

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Potential hazards of biochar: The negative environmental impacts of biochar applications

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 420, P. 126611 - 126611

Published: July 9, 2021

Language: Английский

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A review of green remediation strategies for heavy metal contaminated soil

Soil Use and Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 37(4), P. 936 - 963

Published: March 8, 2021

Abstract Heavy metals and metalloids can accumulate in soil, with potentially toxic effects to human health ecosystems, threatening the sustainable use management of soil resources. Although a number remediation technologies, such as Solidification/Stabilization (S/S), washing, electrokinetic chemical oxidation/reduction be applied for immobilization, removal or detoxification heavy environmental, social economic impacts associated these conventional approaches hinder their overall sustainability. More attempts have been made maximize ‘net environmental benefit’ various ways, including recovering resources, embracing nature‐based solutions (NBS), saving energy emergence development ‘green remediation’ (GSR) movement. This review critically discusses green strategies, novel amendments being utilized approaches. Iron‐based are most promising candidates due highest stabilization performances both oxyanions metallic cations well relatively low disturbance soil. In comparison, waste‐derived materials suffer from risks contaminant release long run, reducing sustainability despite costs. It has found that phytoremediation amendment‐based S/S typically ‘greenest’ but wise decisions should on basis case‐specific assessment results. Finally, it is proposed integration several techniques may synergistic effect efficiency.

Language: Английский

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Critical impacts of pyrolysis conditions and activation methods on application-oriented production of wood waste-derived biochar

Bioresource Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 341, P. 125811 - 125811

Published: Aug. 20, 2021

Language: Английский

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Nanochitin and Nanochitosan: Chitin Nanostructure Engineering with Multiscale Properties for Biomedical and Environmental Applications

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(4)

Published: May 31, 2022

Nanochitin and nanochitosan (with random-copolymer-based multiscale architectures of glucosamine N-acetylglucosamine units) have recently attracted immense attention for the development green, sustainable, advanced functional materials. are materials from small oligomers, rod-shaped nanocrystals, longer nanofibers, to hierarchical assemblies nanofibers. Various physical properties chitin chitosan depend on their molecular- nanostructures; translational research has utilized them a wide range applications (biomedical, industrial, environmental, so on). Instead reviewing entire extensive literature chitosan, here, recent developments in multiscale-dependent material highlighted; immune, medical, reinforcing, adhesive, green electrochemical materials, biological scaffolds, sustainable food packaging discussed considering size, shape, assembly nanostructures. In summary, new perspectives based nanochitin by understanding engineering described.

Language: Английский

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Biochar composites: Emerging trends, field successes and sustainability implications

Soil Use and Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 14 - 38

Published: May 31, 2021

Abstract Engineered biochars are promising candidates in a wide range of environmental applications, including soil fertility improvement, contaminant immobilization, wastewater treatment and situ carbon sequestration. This review provides systematic classification these novel biochar composites identifies the future trends composite research application. It is proposed that metals, minerals, layered double hydroxides, carbonaceous nanomaterials microorganisms enhance performances via distinct mechanisms. In this review, four identified assessed critically. Firstly, facile synthesis methods, particular ball milling co‐pyrolysis, have emerged as popular fabrication strategies suitable for large‐scale applications. Secondly, modification with green materials, such natural clay minerals microorganisms, align well on‐going sustainable remediation (GSR) movement. Furthermore, new applications health improvement climate change mitigation support realization United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Finally, importance field studies getting more attention, since evidence success critically needed before

Language: Английский

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Biochar-microorganism interactions for organic pollutant remediation: Challenges and perspectives

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 308, P. 119609 - 119609

Published: June 11, 2022

Numerous harmful chemicals are introduced every year in the environment through anthropogenic and geological activities raising global concerns of their ecotoxicological effects decontamination strategies. Biochar technology has been recognized as an important pillar for recycling biomass, contributing to carbon capture bioenergy industries, remediation contaminated soil, sediments water. This paper aims critically review application potential biochar with a special focus on synergistic antagonistic contaminant-degrading microorganisms single mixed-contaminated systems. Owing high specific surface area, porous structure, compatible chemistry, can support proliferation activity microorganisms. A combination remove variety contaminants gained popularity recent years alongside traditional chemical physical technologies. The microbial compatibility be improved by optimizing parameters so that toxic pollutant release is minimized, biofilm formation encouraged, populations enhanced. Biocompatible thus shows bioremediation organic harboring populations, releasing enzymes, protecting beneficial from immediate toxicity surrounding contaminants. recommends biochar-microorganism co-deployment holds great removal thereby reducing risk human environmental health.

Language: Английский

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Role of biochar toward carbon neutrality

Carbon Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

Abstract Carbon neutrality by the mid-twenty-first century is a grand challenge requiring technological innovations. Biochar, traditional soil amendment which has been used for fertility improvement and contaminant remediation, revealed new vitality in this context. In review we highlight huge potential of biochar application different fields to mitigate as high 2.56 × 10 9 t CO 2 e total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per year, accounting 5.0% global GHG emissions. Soil applications either controlled-release fertilizer or an immobilization agent offer improved health while simultaneously suppressing CH 4 N O. Non-soil also contribute carbon unique ways. Firstly, ruminant feed decreases via physical sorption enhanced activities methanotrophs. Secondly, can be green catalyst biorefinery. Besides, additive Portland cement low impact development (LID) infrastructure lowers footprint builds resilience climate change. Furthermore, novel batteries supercapacitors energy storage purposes. Finally, adsorption capacity makes it possible being sorbent capture, utilization, (CCUS). We advocate that future research should further explore effectiveness systems change mitigation large scale applications, assess economic social viability local combat Graphical

Language: Английский

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