Challenges in the quantification of poly(ethylene terephthalate) microplastics via thermoanalytical methods posed by inorganic matrix components DOI Creative Commons
Tim Lauschke, Georg Dierkes, Thomas A. Ternes

et al.

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 174, P. 106108 - 106108

Published: Aug. 2, 2023

Microplastics (MP) have been in the spotlight of environmental research for several years. Thermoanalytical methods, such as pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS), are among most promising techniques quantification MP complex samples. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is one widely used polymers, but its samples a particular challenge. This study emphasizes various effects inorganic sample matrix on PET, discusses approaches tackle these issues. Inorganic constituents caused changes distribution products, reactions with analytes, or losses intensity due decomposition specific markers identification PET. Therefore, need be separated from components. A approach remove pressurized liquid extraction. However, PET underwent depolymerization reaction during extraction, impacting recovery reproducibility method. The use TMAH, frequently derivatization agent Py-GC-MS analysis, did not compensate effects. Thus, fast, reliable thermoanalytical method precise matrices can currently recommended, extensive, time-consuming clean-up protocols seem unavoidable.

Language: Английский

Quantitative analysis of nanoplastics in environmental and potable waters by pyrolysis-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry DOI Creative Commons
Elvis D. Okoffo, Kevin V. Thomas

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 464, P. 133013 - 133013

Published: Nov. 16, 2023

Nanoplastics are emerging environmental contaminants, but their presence in and potable water remains largely understudied due to the absence of quantitative analytical methods. In this study, we developed validated a pretreatment method that combines hydrogen peroxide digestion Amicon® Stirred Cell ultrafiltration (at 100 kDa, approximately 10 nm) with subsequent detection by pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS). This allows for simultaneous identification quantification nine selected nanoplastic types, including poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), polyvinylchloride (PVC), nylon 6, 66, samples based on polymer-specific mass concentration. Limits ranged from 0.01 0.44 µg/L, demonstrating method's ability quantitatively detect nanoplastics samples. Most were detected at concentrations between 0.04 1.17 except PC, which was consistently below limit (<0.44 µg/L). The prevalent polymer components PE (0.10 - µg/L), PET (0.06 0.91 PP (0.04 0.79 PS 0.53 µg/L) nanoplastics. presented offers an accurate means identify, quantify, monitor complex It fills gaps our understanding pollution levels, providing valuable methodology crucial reference data future studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

68
A review on fate and ecotoxicity of biodegradable microplastics in aquatic system: Are biodegradable plastics truly safe for the environment? DOI

Nik Nurhidayu Nik Mut,

Joorim Na, Jinho Jung

et al.

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 344, P. 123399 - 123399

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Analysis of aged microplastics: a review DOI Creative Commons

Yanqi Shi,

Linping Shi,

Hexinyue Huang

et al.

Environmental Chemistry Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 1861 - 1888

Published: April 4, 2024

Abstract Microplastics are emerging contaminants that undergo progressive aging under environmental conditions such as sunlight irradiation, mechanical forces, temperature variations, and the presence of biological organisms. Since modifies microplastic properties, their own toxicity trapped pollutants, advanced methods to analyze microplastics required. Here we review with focus on process, qualitative identification, quantitative characterization, chemometrics. Qualitative identification is done by techniques, thermal e.g., degradation gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, spectral infrared, Raman, fluorescent, laser techniques. Quantitative characterization microscopy mass spectrometry. Microplastic results in a series surface physical changes, biofilm formation, chemical oxidation, alternation, deterioration. Changes properties allow differentiate aged microplastics. Infrared Raman spectroscopy rapid sensitive for complex samples. Combining two techniques preferable accurate detection categorization.

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Mass quantification of nanoplastics at wastewater treatment plants by pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry DOI Creative Commons
Elvis D. Okoffo, Kevin V. Thomas

Water Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 254, P. 121397 - 121397

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play a crucial role in the collection and redistribution of plastic particles from both households industries, contributing to their presence environment. Previous studies investigating levels plastics WWTPs, removal rates have primarily focused on polymer type, size, shape, colour, particle count, while comprehensive understanding mass concentration particles, particularly those <1 µm (nanoplastics), remains unclear lacking. In this study, pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used simultaneously determine nine selected polymers (i.e., polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), nylon 6, 66, polyvinylchloride (PVC), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polycarbonate (PC)) below 1 size across processes or stages three WWTPs Australia. All targeted nanoplastics were detected at concentrations between 0.04 7.3 µg/L. Nylon 66 (0.2 – µg/L), PE (0.1 6.6 PP 4.5 6 3.6 µg/L) PET 2.2 predominant samples. The total decreased 27.7, 18 9.1 µg/L influent 1, 1.4 0.8 effluent, with approximate 96, 92 91% A, B C, respectively. Based annual effluent discharge, it is estimated that approximately 24, 2 0.7 kg are released into environment per year for This study investigated range 0.01– wastewater, providing important insight pollution distribution patterns Australian WWTPs.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Polylactic acid microplastics cause transgenerational reproductive toxicity associated with activation of insulin and hedgehog ligands in C. elegans DOI
Yuting Shao, Yunhui Li, Dayong Wang

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 942, P. 173746 - 173746

Published: June 7, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

17
PHA Microplastic Aging Decreases N2O Sink Capacity: Released γ-Butyrolactone Decouples Denitrifying Electron Transfer and Oxidative Phosphorylation DOI
Yu Zhang, Jing Lu,

Xiao-Zheng Zhang

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 59(2), P. 1298 - 1307

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Bacterial denitrification is a main pathway for soil N2O sinks, which crucial assessing and controlling emissions. Biobased polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) microplastic particles (MPs) degrade slowly in conventional environments, remaining inert extended periods. However, the impacts of PHA aging on bacterial sink capacity before degradation remain poorly understood. Here, model strain Paracoccus denitrificans was exposed to 0.05-0.5% (w/w) virgin aged MPs. Although no significant changes molecular weights were observed, MPs hindered cell growth reduction rates, leading surge 1H NMR spectroscopy UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis identified γ-butyrolactone as key component released from Metabolic verifications at cellular level confirmed its inhibition ATP synthesis. The that protonated hydrolyzed spontaneously periplasm would compete protons with ATPase destroy coupling between denitrifying electron transfer oxidative phosphorylation. Consequently, energy-deficient cells reduced supply reduction, did not contribute energy conservation. This work unveils novel mechanism by impairs highlights need consider environmental risks posed biobased aging.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Mass quantification of microplastic at wastewater treatment plants by pyrolysis-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry DOI
Elvis D. Okoffo, Cassandra Rauert, Kevin V. Thomas

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 856, P. 159251 - 159251

Published: Oct. 5, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

68
Mass spectrometry detection of environmental microplastics: Advances and challenges DOI Open Access
Junjie Zhang, Dongdong Fu,

Huan Feng

et al.

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 170, P. 117472 - 117472

Published: Dec. 2, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Chronic toxicity of biodegradable microplastic (Polylactic acid) to Daphnia magna: A comparison with polyethylene terephthalate DOI

Gersan An,

Joorim Na, Jinyoung Song

et al.

Aquatic Toxicology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 266, P. 106790 - 106790

Published: Dec. 2, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Ecotoxicity of polylactic acid microplastic fragments to Daphnia magna and the effect of ultraviolet weathering DOI Creative Commons

Alisa Luangrath,

Joorim Na, Kalimuthu Pandi

et al.

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 271, P. 115974 - 115974

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Biodegradable plastics (BPs) are widely used as alternatives to non-BPs due their inherent ability undergo facile degradation. However, the ecotoxicological impact of biodegradable microplastics (MPs) rarely remains scientific documented especially aquatic ecosystem and organisms compared conventional microplastics. Therefore, this study aimed investigate ecotoxicity polylactic acid (PLA) MPs Daphnia magna with that polyethylene (PE) without ultraviolet (UV) treatment (4 weeks). The acute toxicity (48 h) PLA was significantly higher than PE MPs, potentially attributable elevated bioconcentration resulting from density. UV notably reduced particle size induced new hydrophilic functional groups containing oxygen. Thus, lethal exhibited noteworthy increase, before after treatment, which greater UV-PE MPs. In addition, UV-PLA showed markedly reactive oxygen species concentration in D. positive control. there no significant increase level lipid peroxidation, possibly successful defense by antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase catalase). These findings highlight risks organisms, require comprehensive long-term studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

16