Quantitative analysis of nanoplastics in environmental and potable waters by pyrolysis-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 464, P. 133013 - 133013

Published: Nov. 16, 2023

Nanoplastics are emerging environmental contaminants, but their presence in and potable water remains largely understudied due to the absence of quantitative analytical methods. In this study, we developed validated a pretreatment method that combines hydrogen peroxide digestion Amicon® Stirred Cell ultrafiltration (at 100 kDa, approximately 10 nm) with subsequent detection by pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS). This allows for simultaneous identification quantification nine selected nanoplastic types, including poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), polyvinylchloride (PVC), nylon 6, 66, samples based on polymer-specific mass concentration. Limits ranged from 0.01 0.44 µg/L, demonstrating method's ability quantitatively detect nanoplastics samples. Most were detected at concentrations between 0.04 1.17 except PC, which was consistently below limit (<0.44 µg/L). The prevalent polymer components PE (0.10 - µg/L), PET (0.06 0.91 PP (0.04 0.79 PS 0.53 µg/L) nanoplastics. presented offers an accurate means identify, quantify, monitor complex It fills gaps our understanding pollution levels, providing valuable methodology crucial reference data future studies.

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive review on the source, ingestion route, attachment and toxicity of microplastics/nanoplastics in human systems

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 352, P. 120039 - 120039

Published: Jan. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Analysis of aged microplastics: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 1861 - 1888

Published: April 4, 2024

Abstract Microplastics are emerging contaminants that undergo progressive aging under environmental conditions such as sunlight irradiation, mechanical forces, temperature variations, and the presence of biological organisms. Since modifies microplastic properties, their own toxicity trapped pollutants, advanced methods to analyze microplastics required. Here we review with focus on process, qualitative identification, quantitative characterization, chemometrics. Qualitative identification is done by techniques, thermal e.g., degradation gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, spectral infrared, Raman, fluorescent, laser techniques. Quantitative characterization microscopy mass spectrometry. Microplastic results in a series surface physical changes, biofilm formation, chemical oxidation, alternation, deterioration. Changes properties allow differentiate aged microplastics. Infrared Raman spectroscopy rapid sensitive for complex samples. Combining two techniques preferable accurate detection categorization.

Language: Английский

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Mass quantification of nanoplastics at wastewater treatment plants by pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Water Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 254, P. 121397 - 121397

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play a crucial role in the collection and redistribution of plastic particles from both households industries, contributing to their presence environment. Previous studies investigating levels plastics WWTPs, removal rates have primarily focused on polymer type, size, shape, colour, particle count, while comprehensive understanding mass concentration particles, particularly those <1 µm (nanoplastics), remains unclear lacking. In this study, pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used simultaneously determine nine selected polymers (i.e., polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), nylon 6, 66, polyvinylchloride (PVC), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polycarbonate (PC)) below 1 size across processes or stages three WWTPs Australia. All targeted nanoplastics were detected at concentrations between 0.04 7.3 µg/L. Nylon 66 (0.2 – µg/L), PE (0.1 6.6 PP 4.5 6 3.6 µg/L) PET 2.2 predominant samples. The total decreased 27.7, 18 9.1 µg/L influent 1, 1.4 0.8 effluent, with approximate 96, 92 91% A, B C, respectively. Based annual effluent discharge, it is estimated that approximately 24, 2 0.7 kg are released into environment per year for This study investigated range 0.01– wastewater, providing important insight pollution distribution patterns Australian WWTPs.

Language: Английский

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Oligomers are a major fraction of the submicrometre particles released during washing of polyester textiles

Nature Water, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 151 - 160

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Abstract Synthetic textiles are a significant source of microplastic fibre pollution. While the release mechanism during washing is well studied, little known about nanoplastics. The first investigations on nanoplastic fraction released and abrasion polyester have been published; however, questions were raised regarding chemical composition observed submicrometre particles. Using combination analytical methods, we show here that 12 different 4.6 × 10 to 8.9 11 particles per gram textile washing, with mean size 122–191 nm. number was not significantly influenced by cutting method nor structure, but positively correlated ( P < 0.01) present surface before washing. We found 34–89% extracted soluble in ethanol. These most likely water-insoluble poly(ethylene terephthalate) oligomers. Our results clearly urgent need better understand contribution oligomer pollution environment anthropogenic

Language: Английский

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Plastic particles affect N2O release via altering core microbial metabolisms in constructed wetlands

Water Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 255, P. 121506 - 121506

Published: March 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in water: Occurrence, fate and removal

Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 264, P. 104360 - 104360

Published: May 1, 2024

A global study on tap water samples has found that up to 83% of these contained microplastic fibres. These findings raise concerns about their potential health risks. Ingested particles have already been associated with harmful effects in animals, which similar outcomes humans. Microplastics are ubiquitous the environment, commonly disposed landfills and waste sites. Within indoor environments, common sources synthetic textiles, plastic bottles, packaging. From various point sources, they globally distributed through air can enter humans pathways. The finding microplastics fresh snow Antarctic highlights just how widely dispersed. behaviour risks from strongly influenced by physicochemical properties, is why surfaces important. Surface interactions also important pollutant transport via adsorption onto particles. Our review covers latest research including statistics abundance, occurrence fate methods reducing exposure removal. We conclude proposing future directions into more effective remediation new technologies sustainable green need be explored achieve success removal waters at large scale.

Language: Английский

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State-of-the-art strategies for microplastics mitigation in aquatic environments: Identification, technological innovations, and prospects for advancement

Journal of Water Process Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61, P. 105336 - 105336

Published: April 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in wastewater treatment plants: A review of the occurrence, removal, impact on ecosystem, and abatement measures

Journal of Water Process Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 54, P. 104039 - 104039

Published: July 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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Marine micro(nano)plastics determination and its environmental toxicity evaluation

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 168, P. 117332 - 117332

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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