Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
53(9), P. 4374 - 4399
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This
review
details
the
design
and
creation
of
ultrathin
polyamide
membranes
with
significant
enhancement
in
water
permeance
along
limitations
potential
strategies
to
empower
their
efficacy
ionic
molecular
separations.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
34(48)
Published: Aug. 15, 2024
Abstract
Membranes
facilitate
scalable
and
continuous
lithium
concentration
from
hypersaline
salt
lakes
battery
leachates.
Conventional
nanofiltration
(NF)
membranes,
however,
exhibit
poor
monovalent
selectivity
in
high‐salinity
environments
due
to
weakened
exclusion
mechanisms.
This
study
examines
polyamide
NF
membranes
coated
with
polyelectrolytes
enriched
ammonium
groups
maintain
high
cation
conditions.
Over
8000
ion
rejection
measurements
are
recorded
using
lake
brines
The
experiments
exemplify
the
membrane's
ability
reduce
magnesium
concentrations
0.14%
elevate
purity
98%
leachates,
a
single
filtration
stage.
is
retained
after
12
weeks
acidic
Molecular
dynamics
analyses
reveal
that
create
an
electrostatic
barrier
at
low
pH,
selectively
hindering
multivalent
transport.
corroborated
by
Coulombic
attraction
between
cations
carboxylate
groups,
along
repulsive
groups.
Despite
14.7%
increase
specific
energy,
two‐stage
system
for
recovery
significantly
reduces
permeate
composition
0.031%
Chilean
brines.
For
NMC
achieve
exceeding
99.5%,
yielding
enhanced
quality
minor
increases
energy
demands.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
58(47), P. 20812 - 20829
Published: Nov. 12, 2024
Thin
film
composite
(TFC)
polyamide
membranes
have
been
widely
applied
for
environmental
applications,
such
as
desalination
and
water
reuse.
The
separation
performance
of
TFC
strongly
depends
on
their
nanovoid-containing
roughness
morphology.
These
nanovoids
not
only
influence
the
effective
filtration
area
but
also
regulate
transport
pathways
through
film.
Although
there
ongoing
debates
formation
mechanisms
nanovoids,
a
nanofoaming
theory─stipulating
shaping
morphology
by
nanobubbles
degassed
CO
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
58(14), P. 6435 - 6443
Published: March 29, 2024
Nanovoids
within
a
polyamide
layer
play
an
important
role
in
the
separation
performance
of
thin-film
composite
(TFC)
reverse
osmosis
(RO)
membranes.
To
form
more
extensive
nanovoids
for
enhanced
performance,
one
commonly
used
method
is
to
incorporate
sacrificial
nanofillers
during
exothermic
interfacial
polymerization
(IP)
reaction,
followed
by
some
post-etching
processes.
However,
these
post-treatments
could
harm
membrane
integrity,
thereby
leading
reduced
selectivity.
In
this
study,
we
applied
situ
self-etchable
taking
advantage
strong
acid
and
heat
generated
IP.
CaCO3
nanoparticles
(nCaCO3)
were
as
model
nanofillers,
which
can
be
etched
reacting
with
H+
leave
void
nanostructures
behind.
This
reaction
further
degas
CO2
nanobubbles
assisted
IP
layer.
These
facilitate
water
transport
enlarging
effective
surface
filtration
area
reducing
hydraulic
resistance
significantly
enhance
permeance.
The
correlations
between
nanovoid
properties
systematically
analyzed.
We
demonstrate
that
nCaCO3-tailored
improve
antifouling
propensity
rejections
boron
As(III)
compared
control.
study
investigated
novel
strategy
applying
gas
precursors
engrave
provides
new
insights
into
design
synthesis
TFC
