Immune-mediated disease caused by climate change-associated environmental hazards: mitigation and adaptation

Frontiers in Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: April 4, 2024

Global warming and climate change have increased the pollen burden frequency intensity of wildfires, sand dust storms, thunderstorms, heatwaves—with concomitant increases in air pollution, heat stress, flooding. These environmental stressors alter human exposome trigger complex immune responses. In parallel, pollutants, allergens, other factors increase risks skin mucosal barrier disruption microbial dysbiosis, while a loss biodiversity reduced exposure to diversity impairs tolerogenic development. The resulting dysregulation is contributing an immune-mediated diseases such as asthma allergic diseases, autoimmune cancer. It now abundantly clear that multisectoral, multidisciplinary, transborder efforts based on Planetary Health One approaches (which consider dependence health environment natural ecosystems) are urgently needed adapt mitigate effects change. Key actions include reducing emissions improving quality (through fossil fuel use), providing safe housing (e.g., weatherization), diets (i.e., diversity) agricultural practices, increasing green spaces. There also pressing need for collaborative, multidisciplinary research better understand pathophysiology context New data science techniques, biomarkers, economic models should be used measure impact disease, inform mitigation adaptation efforts, evaluate their effectiveness. Justice, equity, diversity, inclusion (JEDI) considerations integral these address disparities

Language: Английский

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Ambient formaldehyde combined with high temperature exposure and respiratory disease admissions among children: a time-series study across multiple cities

Thorax, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. thorax - 222709

Published: March 31, 2025

Introduction Ambient formaldehyde (HCHO) is globally distributed, posing significant exposure to vast populations, particularly vulnerable demographics such as children. Investigations into the correlation between ambient HCHO and children’s respiratory ailments are deficient. Methods was retrieved from TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument. A two-stage time-series analysis conducted examine relationship hospital admission of diseases among 198 704 children in Jiangsu Province, China, 2019 2021. Additionally, 12 patterns were defined further discern potential synergistic effects high temperature combined exposure. Results After controlling for relevant covariates, our findings revealed associated with respiratory-related admissions. Specifically, we identified a pronounced effect at lag 3 day, demonstrating 1.14% increase (95% CI: 0.60%, 1.69%). Subgroup analyses that warm season, 3–7 years old group disadvantaged economic areas showed higher risk. Moreover, found would trigger elevated risk admission. Notably, specific scenarios, cumulative relative reached up 1.051 1.025, 1.078), highlighting on health Conclusions increased risks children, could To have an in-depth understanding impact critical intervention strategies aimed mitigating pollution regarding adverse impacts under changing climate.

Language: Английский

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Investigation of 2021 wildfire impacts on air quality in southwestern Turkey

Atmospheric Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 325, P. 120445 - 120445

Published: March 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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Estimating surface NO2 concentrations over Europe using Sentinel-5P TROPOMI observations and Machine Learning

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 312, P. 114321 - 114321

Published: July 24, 2024

Satellite observations from instruments such as the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) show significant potential for monitoring spatiotemporal variability of NO2, however they typically provide vertically integrated measurements over tropospheric column. In this study, we introduce a machine learning approach entitled 'S-MESH' (Satellite and ML-based Estimation Surface air quality at High resolution) that allows estimating daily surface NO2 concentrations Europe 1 km spatial resolution based on eXtreme gradient boost (XGBoost) model using primarily observation-based datasets period 2019–2021. Spatiotemporal used by include TROPOMI vertical column density, night light radiance Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Moderate Resolution Spectroradiometer (MODIS), stations European Environment Agency database modeled meteorological parameters planetary boundary layer height, wind velocity, temperature. The overall evaluation shows mean absolute error 7.77 μg/m3, median bias 0.6 μg/m3 Spearman rank correlation 0.66. performance is found to be influenced concentration levels, with most reliable predictions levels 10–40 <40%. temporal analyses indicate robustness across study area, better prediction accuracy during winter months associated higher concentrations. Despite complexity continental scale XGBoost-based fast execution in providing estimates Europe. Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) value analysis highlights density main source information deriving concentrations, indicating its studies. SHAP values also importance anthropogenic emission proxy inputs VIIRS lights, complementing detailed patterns variations.

Language: Английский

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Diagnosing ozone–NO_x–VOC–aerosol sensitivity and uncovering causes of urban–nonurban discrepancies in Shandong, China, using transformer-based estimations

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 4177 - 4192

Published: April 8, 2024

Abstract. Narrowing surface ozone disparities between urban and nonurban areas escalate health risks in densely populated zones. A comprehensive understanding of the impact photochemistry on this transition remains constrained by current knowledge aerosol effects availability monitoring. Here we reconstructed spatiotemporal gapless air quality concentrations using a novel transformer deep learning (DL) framework capable perceiving dynamics to analyze urban–nonurban differences. Subsequently, photochemical effect these discrepancies was analyzed elucidating shifts regimes inferred from an interpretable machine method. The evaluations model exhibited average out-of-sample cross-validation coefficient determination 0.96, 0.92, 0.95 for ozone, nitrogen dioxide, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), respectively. sensitivity areas, dominated nitrogen-oxide-limited (NOx-limited) regime, observed shift towards increased volatile organic compounds (VOCs) when extended areas. third “aerosol-inhibited” regime identified Jiaodong Peninsula, where uptake hydroperoxyl radicals onto aerosols suppressed production under low NOx levels during summertime. reduction PM2.5 could increase VOCs, necessitating more stringent VOC emission abatement mitigation. In 2020, Shandong surpassed those primarily due pronounced decrease latter resulting stronger suppression less PM2.5. This case study demonstrates critical need advanced spatially resolved models analysis tackling pollution challenges.

Language: Английский

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Reactive Nitrogen Partitioning Enhances the Contribution of Canadian Wildfire Plumes to US Ozone Air Quality

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(15)

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Abstract Quantifying the variable impacts of wildfire smoke on ozone air quality is challenging. Here we use airborne measurements from 2018 Western Wildfire Experiment for Cloud Chemistry, Aerosol Absorption, and Nitrogen (WE‐CAN) to parameterize emissions reactive nitrogen (NO y ) wildfires into peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN; 37%), NO 3 − (27%), (36%) in a global chemistry‐climate model with 13 km spatial resolution over contiguous US. The partitioning, compared emitting all as NO, reduces bias near‐fire plumes sampled by aircraft enhances downwind 5–10 ppbv when Canadian travel Washington, Utah, Colorado, Texas. Using multi‐platform observations, identify smoke‐influenced days daily maximum 8‐hr average (MDA8) 70–88 Kennewick, Salt Lake City, Denver Dallas. On these days, enhanced MDA8 5–25 ppbv, through produced remotely during plume transport locally via interactions urban emissions.

Language: Английский

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Changing ozone sensitivity in Fujian province, China, during 2012-2021: Importance of controlling VOC emissions

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 359, P. 124757 - 124757

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Regional-specific trends of PM2.5 and O3 temperature sensitivity in the United States

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Climate change poses direct and indirect threats to public health, including exacerbating air pollution. However, the influence of rising temperature on quality remains highly uncertain in United States, particularly under rapid reduction anthropogenic emissions. Here, we examined sensitivity surface-level fine particulate matter (PM2.5) ozone (O3) summer anomalies contiguous US as well their decadal changes using high-resolution datasets generated by machine learning. Our findings demonstrate that eastern US, stringent emission control strategies have significantly reduced positive responses PM2.5 O3 temperature, thereby lowering population exposure associated with warming-induced deterioration. In contrast, western became more sensitive highlighting urgent need manage mitigate impact worsening wildfires. results important implications for management risk assessments future climate change.

Language: Английский

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Reply on RC1

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Abstract. The TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), onboard the Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) satellite launched in October 2017, is dedicated to monitoring atmospheric composition associated with air quality and climate change. This paper presents global retrieval of TROPOMI tropospheric formaldehyde (HCHO) nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) vertical columns using an updated version Peking University OMI NO₂ (POMINO) algorithm, which focuses on improving calculation mass factors (AMFs). algorithm features explicit corrections for surface reflectance anisotropy aerosol optical effects, uses daily high-resolution (0.25°×0.25°) a priori HCHO profiles from Global Earth Observing System Composition Forecast (GEOS-CF) dataset. For cloud correction, consistent approach used both retrievals, where (1) fraction re-calculated at 440 nm same ancillary parameters as those AMF calculation, (2) top pressure taken operational FRESCO-S product. comparison between POMINO reprocessed (RPRO) products April, July, 2021 January 2022 exhibits high spatial agreement, but RPRO NO₂ columns are lower by 10 % 20 over polluted regions. Sensitivity tests show that differences mainly caused different correction methods (implicit versus explicit), prior information vertical profile shapes background corrections; while discrepancies result corrections, reflectances well their non-linear interactions. With structural uncertainty due within ± %, height differences. Validation against ground-based measurements Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) observations Pandonia Network (PGN) shows 2022, retrievals present comparable day-to-day correlation reduced bias compared (HCHO: R = 0.62, NMB = −30.8 0.68, −35.0 %; NO₂:  0.84, −9.5 0.85, −19.4 %). An improved agreement HCHO/NO₂ ratio (FNR) PGN based also found (R 0.83, −18.4 0.82, −24.1 Our provides useful source particularly studies combining NO₂.

Language: Английский

Citations

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Reply on RC3

Yuhang Zhang

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Abstract. The TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), onboard the Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) satellite launched in October 2017, is dedicated to monitoring atmospheric composition associated with air quality and climate change. This paper presents global retrieval of TROPOMI tropospheric formaldehyde (HCHO) nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) vertical columns using an updated version Peking University OMI NO₂ (POMINO) algorithm, which focuses on improving calculation mass factors (AMFs). algorithm features explicit corrections for surface reflectance anisotropy aerosol optical effects, uses daily high-resolution (0.25°×0.25°) a priori HCHO profiles from Global Earth Observing System Composition Forecast (GEOS-CF) dataset. For cloud correction, consistent approach used both retrievals, where (1) fraction re-calculated at 440 nm same ancillary parameters as those AMF calculation, (2) top pressure taken operational FRESCO-S product. comparison between POMINO reprocessed (RPRO) products April, July, 2021 January 2022 exhibits high spatial agreement, but RPRO NO₂ columns are lower by 10 % 20 over polluted regions. Sensitivity tests show that differences mainly caused different correction methods (implicit versus explicit), prior information vertical profile shapes background corrections; while discrepancies result corrections, reflectances well their non-linear interactions. With structural uncertainty due within ± %, height differences. Validation against ground-based measurements Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) observations Pandonia Network (PGN) shows 2022, retrievals present comparable day-to-day correlation reduced bias compared (HCHO: R = 0.62, NMB = −30.8 0.68, −35.0 %; NO₂:  0.84, −9.5 0.85, −19.4 %). An improved agreement HCHO/NO₂ ratio (FNR) PGN based also found (R 0.83, −18.4 0.82, −24.1 Our provides useful source particularly studies combining NO₂.

Language: Английский

Citations

0

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