Phenylthiourea synergistically enhances the hepatotoxicity of bavachalcone by interfering with metabolism in zebrafish: A factor to consider when evaluating toxicity of environmental pollutants using zebrafish models

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 292, P. 118016 - 118016

Published: March 1, 2025

Phenylthiourea (PTU) is a well-known inhibitor of melanin synthesis that has been extensively utilized in ecotoxicological studies involving zebrafish. Although there are reports suggesting PTU may influence the toxicity various compounds, underlying mechanisms its action remain unclear. Bavachalcone (BavaC) wide range applications agriculture and medicine, it can enter groundwater through variety pathways pose risk to aquatic ecosystems. We found enhanced hepatotoxicity BavaC zebrafish, but mechanism was In this study, interactive effects 200 μM 2.5 on zebrafish larvae were evaluated after 72 h exposure. significantly increased BavaC-induced hepatotoxicity, which characterized by liver hypoplasia, hepatocyte vacuolation, lipid accumulation. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) revealed contents fatty acids, phosphatidylcholine glutathione increased. The results RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) Real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) analyses indicated several metabolic pathways, including xenobiotic biodegradation metabolism, amino acid metabolism carbohydrate differentially regulated PTU+BavaC group compared group. Our findings indicate PTU-induced disorders exacerbate highlight need reconsider use zebrafish-based assessments environmental pollutants.

Language: Английский

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Mechanistic Insights into Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles-Induced Digestive Gland Damage in Corbicula fluminea: Comparison with Cadmium Ions

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 31, 2025

The extensive use of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS-NPs), along with their natural formation through the complex biogeochemical transformation anthropogenic ions (Cd2+), poses substantial risks to ecosystems and human health. Despite this, mechanisms underlying toxicity CdS-NPs remain unclear. A key question is whether arises from nanoparticulate form (Cd) or release Cd2+. To explore we exposed freshwater clams (Corbicula fluminea) environmentally relevant concentrations (0.01–1 mg/L) Cd2+ for 10 days. Hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining revealed significant damage digestive gland in both cases. Although released some (≤10.4%), transcriptomic quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses indicated different mechanisms. primarily induce ferroptosis, triggered by lysosomal dysfunction that releases Fe2+ into cytoplasm, disrupting cellular iron metabolism. In contrast, induces an autophagic response, as evidenced upregulation autophagy-related markers activation apoptosis pathways linked mitochondrial membrane permeabilization. Overall, our findings suggest not solely derived Cd2+, highlighting need evaluate posed metal benthic ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Silver Nanoparticle-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 4216 - 4216

Published: April 29, 2025

The escalating challenge of antibacterial resistance has driven the widespread use silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) due to their potent antimicrobial properties. AgNPs can be synthesised through diverse methods, spanning conventional chemical and physical routes increasingly favoured biosynthesis approach. While offering environmental advantages, ecological impact biogenically synthesized AgNPs, especially on aquatic ecosystems, requires thorough evaluation. renal system, critical for maintaining physiological homeostasis via nephron-mediated waste removal, fluid regulation, electrolyte balance, is highly vulnerable toxicant-induced damage, which negatively affect organismal fitness. This study aimed assess nephrotoxic effects using entirely “green” zebrafish after 96-h exposures three distinct concentrations alongside a control group. Acridine orange fluorescence microscopy revealed dose-dependent histopathological alterations in tissues. Specifically, at 0.031 μg/L 0.250 μg/L, significant changes were observed, including glomerular shrinkage, proliferation hematopoietic tissue, dissociation dilation tubules, melanomacrophage aggregation. At 5.000 prolonged exposure beyond 48 h indicated potential tissue cell renewal, suggesting possible compensatory response. These results demonstrate sensitivity kidneys emphasize imperative comprehensive vivo toxicity testing, irrespective synthesis method, accurately evaluate adverse impacts ensure preservation ecosystem integrity.

Language: Английский

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Pregnane X receptor attenuates gold nanoparticles’ toxicity through accelerating zebrafish embryo hatching

Aquatic Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 284, P. 107399 - 107399

Published: May 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Long-term exposure to triclocarban induces splenic injuries in mice: Insights from spatial metabolomics and lipidomics

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 480, P. 136370 - 136370

Published: Oct. 31, 2024

Language: Английский

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