Impact of Canadian Wildfire-Emitted Particulate Matter on THP-1 Lung Macrophage Health and Function

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Increasing frequency and intensity of climate-driven wildfires in recent years have resulted increased human exposures to wildfire smoke raised serious public health concerns. One potential risk exposure is the impairment that it may cause lung macrophages, which serve as first line defense against inhaled pathogens particles. Size-fractionated particulate matter (WFPM) collected New Jersey/New York metropolitan area during June 2023 Canadian event was used assess effect on function THP-1 macrophages. Environmentally relevant vitro WFPM doses were determined using established vivo dosimetry models. Exposure WFPM0.1–2.5 (0.1–2.5 μm) for 24 h caused a significant (∼15%) increase reactive oxygen species, indicating oxidative stress. More importantly, either WFPM0.1 (≤0.1 or significantly reduced macrophage viability. Additionally, fractions phagocytosis unopsonized 1 μm polystyrene beads by approximately 50%, appeared be due defect binding, could turn result scavenger receptor blockade diminished viability thus ATP depletion, depriving macrophages energy required perform phagocytosis. Together, these findings suggest impair function, susceptibility respiratory infections. Further mechanistic studies are warranted better understand impacts innate immunity pulmonary infection.

Language: Английский

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Radiative cooling in New York/New Jersey metropolitan areas by wildfire particulate matter emitted from the Canadian wildfires of 2023

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: April 21, 2025

Wildfire particulate matter from Canadian forest fires significantly impacted the air quality in northeastern United States during summer of 2023. Here, we used real-time and time-integrated instrumentation to characterize physicochemical properties radiative effects wildfire reaching metropolitan areas New Jersey/ York this extreme incident. The forcing -352.4 W/m2 derived here based on measured optical explains, some extent, ground level temperature reduction about 3 °C observed City Such negative densely populated megacities may limit natural ventilation, increase residence time background pollutants, exacerbating public health risks. This study highlights importance their potential implications for climate, health.

Language: Английский

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How air pollution affects cause-specific emergency hospital admissions on days with biomass combustion in Spain?

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 981, P. 179560 - 179560

Published: May 5, 2025

Language: Английский

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Eucalyptus Wood Smoke Extract Elicits a Dose-Dependent Effect in Brain Endothelial Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(19), P. 10288 - 10288

Published: Sept. 24, 2024

The frequency, duration, and size of wildfires have been increasing, the inhalation wildfire smoke particles poses a significant risk to human health. Epidemiological studies shown that exposure is positively associated with cognitive neurological dysfunctions. However, there gap in knowledge on how can affect blood–brain barrier cause molecular cellular changes brain. Our study aims determine acute effect smoldering eucalyptus wood extract (WSE) brain endothelial cells for potential neurotoxicity vitro. Primary microvascular (HBMEC) immortalized cell line (hCMEC/D3) were treated different doses WSE 24 h. treatment resulted dose-dependent increase IL-8 both HBMEC hCMEC/D3. RNA-seq analyses showed upregulation genes involved aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (NRF2) pathways decrease tight junction markers When comparing untreated controls, higher expression compared In summary, our found h increases production dose-dependently decreases hCMEC/D3 may be mediated through AhR NRF2 pathways, could better vitro model studying or cells.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of the Physicochemical Properties of Ultrafine Particles (UFP) from Vehicular Emissions in a Commercial Parking Garage: Potential Health Implications

Toxics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 833 - 833

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Vehicular emissions are a major culprit in the rise of urban air pollution. The particulate matter (PM) emitted from vehicular sources includes primarily ultrafine particles (UFPs) with aerodynamic diameters less than 0.1 µm (PM

Language: Английский

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