Langmuir,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 4, 2024
Nitrogen
oxides
(NOx)
make
up
a
group
of
gases
that
are
mainly
formed
during
the
combustion
fossil
fuels
at
high
temperatures.
NOx
contributes
to
environmental
degradation
by
forming
acid
rain
and
enhancing
global
warming.
Exposure
air
with
concentration
can
aggravate
respiratory
diseases,
particularly
asthma.
The
elimination
in
practical
applications
proceeds
through
selective
catalytic
reduction
(SCR)
NH3
harmless
N2
H2O.
One
issue
SCR
process
is
deactivation
TiO2-based
catalysts.
In
addition,
growing
numbers
spent
catalysts
present
serious
waste-management
challenge
for
recyclers
end
life.
It
therefore
crucial
disclose
mechanism
NH3-SCR
propose
effective
recycling
technologies
waste
valorization.
Here
we
outline
catalyst
pathways
critically
review
methods
improving
direct
sustainability
catalysts,
areas
such
as
regeneration
recovery
Through
this
review,
challenges,
solutions,
future
strategies
handling
clarified
studies
application
on
an
industrial
scale.
The
catalytic
combustion
of
chlorine-containing
volatile
organic
compounds
(CVOCs)
at
low
temperatures
still
faces
chlorine
poisoning
challenges.
Herein,
chlorine-tolerant
chlorobenzene
over
manganese-based
mullite
(SmMn2O5)
catalysts
has
been
originally
demonstrated
via
in
situ
constructing
rich
Ru-O-Mn
sites,
engineered
from
the
doping
ruthenium
(Ru)
and
subsequent
etching
samarium
(Sm).
Such
exhibited
90%
activity
for
258
°C
maintained
about
80%
after
30
h
stability
test.
Specifically,
Ru
could
readily
replace
Mn4+
SmMn2O5
to
form
Sm
expose
more
surface
which
significantly
enhanced
redox
capacity
oxygen
activation
ability,
thus
improving
low-temperature
chlorobenzene.
Besides,
sites
boosted
transformation
intermediate
species
low-pollution
accelerated
removal
Cl
formation
CO2,
enhancing
tolerance
catalysts.
This
study
deepened
understanding
mechanism
provided
a
feasible
strategy
development
high-efficiency
chlorine-resistant
CVOCs.
The
catalytic
deactivation
caused
by
SO2
impurity
remains
a
great
challenge
in
the
efficient
destruction
of
industrial
chlorinated
volatile
organic
compounds
(CVOCs).
Herein,
Ce-Mn@ZrO2-SO42-
catalyst
with
Ce-O-Mn
active
system
and
ZrO2-SO42-
protective
layer
was
rationally
engineered,
which
exhibits
superior
activity
for
chlorobenzene
(CB)
cotreatment
at
228
°C,
achieving
90%
CB
mineralization─over
80%
higher
than
that
CeO2
catalyst.
In
situ
characterization
theoretical
calculation
results
reveal
SO42-
groups
not
only
inhibit
adsorption
molecules
through
steric
hindrance
electrostatic
repulsion
but
also
act
as
Brønsted
acid
sites
(BAS)
to
promote
C-Cl
cleavage
accelerate
desorption
Cl
radicals
inorganic
chlorine
(HCl
Cl2).
Additionally,
structure
accelerates
electron
transfer
between
sites,
enhances
strength
Lewis
(LAS),
weakens
lattice
oxygen
stability
generate
vacancies
(Ov).
These
features
collectively
result
excellent
sulfur
resistance
Compared
Ce-Mn@ZrO2,
sulfated
byproducts
respectively
decrease
7.9
2.7
times
presence
100
ppm
SO2.
This
study
provides
feasible
promising
strategy
engineering
efficacious
non-noble
metal
catalysts
toward
CVOCs'
deep
purification
impurity,
showcasing
substantial
economic
environmental
benefits.
