Current trends in material research for nuclear batteries: Harnessing metal perovskite halides and other chalcogenides for greater compactness and efficiency

Applied Physics Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: March 1, 2025

Nuclear energy emerges as a promising and environmentally friendly solution to counter the escalating levels of greenhouse gases resulting from excessive fossil fuel usage. Essential harnessing this are nuclear batteries, devices designed generate electric power by capturing emitted during decay, including α or β particles γ radiation. The allure batteries lies in their potential for extended lifespan, high density, adaptability harsh environments where refueling battery replacement may not be feasible. In review, we narrow our focus utilizing non-thermal converters such α- β-voltaics, well those employing scintillation intermediates. Recent advancements state-of-the-art direct radiation detectors scintillators based on metal perovskite halides (MPHs) chalcogenides (MCs) compared traditional silicon III-V materials, inorganic lanthanide crystals. Notable achievements MPH MC scintillators, nano-Gy sensitivity, 100 photons/keV light yield, hardness, highlighted. Additionally, limitations conversion efficiency, shelf-life due damage discussed. Leveraging novel materials has propel current size miniaturization, heightened increased density. Furthermore, exploring niche applications beyond wireless sensors, low-power electronics, oil monitoring, medical fields presents enticing opportunities future research development.

Language: Английский

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Three‐Dimensional Polar Perovskites for Highly Sensitive Self‐Driven X‐Ray Detection

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 63(11)

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Three‐dimensional (3D) organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) have achieved tremendous success in direct X‐ray detection due to their high absorption coefficient and excellent carrier transport. However, owing the centrosymmetry of classic 3D structures, these reported detectors mostly require external electrical fields run, resulting bulky overall circuitry, energy consumption, operational instability. Herein, we first report unprecedented radiation photovoltage OIHP for efficient self‐driven detection. Specifically, polar MhyPbBr 3 ( 1 , Mhy=methylhydrazine) shows an intrinsic (0.47 V) large mobility‐lifetime product (1.1×10 −3 cm 2 V −1 ) under irradiation. Strikingly, physical characteristics endow with sensitive performance, showing a considerable sensitivity 220 μC Gy −2 which surpasses those most detectors. This work explores highly OIHPs, shedding light on future practical applications.

Language: Английский

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A review of novel materials for nano-photocatalytic and optoelectronic applications: recent perspectives, water splitting and environmental remediation

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(4), P. 100018 - 100018

Published: Sept. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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B(I)‐Site Alkali Metal Engineering of Lead‐Free Perovskite Nanocrystals for Efficient X‐Ray Detection and Imaging

Advanced Optical Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12)

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Abstract Lead‐free metal halide double perovskites have emerged as promising scintillators owing to their superior optoelectronic properties, low‐cost and solution processability. However, it is still challenging develop high‐performance flexible X‐ray based on the B(I)‐site alkali modulation in lead‐free perovskite nanocrystals (NCs). Herein, a series of novel Cs 2 B(I)GdCl 6 (B: Li, Na, K) A B(I)M(III)X NCs structures are successfully synthesized, optical scintillator properties which significantly sensitive metals with doping Sb 3+ . They showed efficient self‐trapped exciton (STE) emission high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) exhibited highest detection limit (86 nGy air s −1 ) excellent spatial resolutions (>15 lp mm ). The femtosecond transient absorption measurement theoretical analysis further revealed that fundamentally balanced exciton–phonon coupling appropriate STEs formation energy barrier electron localization thus improved properties. This engineering offers strategy bright luminescent for imaging devices.

Language: Английский

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Improving the Scintillation Performance of PEA₂PbBr₄ Through Zn²⁺ and Sb³⁺ Interstitial Doping Strategy

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

Organic-inorganic halide 2D perovskite single crystals have recently emerged as promising scintillators for gamma (γ) rays and fast neutrons (nf) detection. However, their energy resolution in γ-rays detection still significantly lags behind that of semiconductor detectors. Improving crystal defects enhancing light yield to optimize output detected by the photomultiplier tube are crucial strategies addressing this issue. Herein, it is demonstrated Zn2+ Sb3+ cation interstitial doping strategy can effectively reduce internal within phenylethylammonium lead bromide (PEA2PbBr4) regulating lattice expansion. This approach also suppresses loss caused exciton-exciton annihilation accelerates electron-hole recombination processes, optimizing both luminescence intensity decay lifetime scintillator. The PEA2PbBr4 scintillator achieve an optimal 4.84% 5.65% at 662 keV photopeak, respectively. Additionally, 241Am-Be field, effective identification nf around 1100 keVee achieved using a pulse shape discrimination (PSD) method, with figure merit (FOM) being 0.85 1.03, work provides reliable new scintillation performance promotes application

Language: Английский

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A₂B_n–1Pb_nI_3n+1 (A = BA, PEA; B = MA; n = 1, 2): Engineering Quantum-Well Crystals for High Mass Density and Fast Scintillators

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 127(22), P. 10737 - 10747

Published: April 26, 2023

Quantum-well (QW) hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (HOIP) crystals, e.g., A2PbX4 (A = BA, PEA; X Br, I), demonstrated significant potentials as scintillating materials for wide energy radiation detection compared to their individual three-dimensional (3D) counterparts, BPbX3 (B MA). Inserting 3D into QW structures resulted in new structures, namely A2BPb2X7 and they may have promising optical scintillation properties toward higher mass density fast timing scintillators. In this article, we investigate the crystal structure well of iodide-based HOIP A2PbI4 A2MAPb2I7. crystals exhibit green red emission with fastest PL decay time <1 ns, while A2MAPb2I7 a high >3.0 g/cm3 tunable smaller bandgaps <2.1 eV resulting from quantum dielectric confinement. We observe that PEA2MAPb2I7 show under X- γ-ray excitations. further some iodide scintillators shorter absorption lengths (∼3 cm at 511 keV) faster components (∼0.5 ns) those bromide Finally, light yields 10 K (∼10 photons/keV), room temperature still pulse height spectra between 1 2 photons/keV, which is >5 times lower than bromides. The can be drawbacks scintillators, but results our study provide right pathway improvements fast-timing applications.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Dual-Organic Cations on the Structure and Properties of 2D Hybrid Perovskites as Scintillators

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(19), P. 25529 - 25539

Published: May 3, 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (HOIP) crystals show promise as scintillating materials for wide-energy radiation detection, outperforming their three-dimensional counterparts. In this study, we synthesized single of (PEA

Language: Английский

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Sensing behavior of pentagonal two-dimensional noble-metal dichalcogenide PdSeS for NO2 gas: DFT and semiclassical studies

Materials Today Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38, P. 108107 - 108107

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Guidelines for the Selection of Scintillators for Indirect Photon-Counting X-ray Detectors

Chemistry of Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 37(5), P. 1716 - 1740

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

X-ray photon-counting detectors (PCDs) are a rapidly developing technology. Current PCDs used in medical imaging based on CdTe, CZT, or Si semiconductor detectors, which directly convert photons into electrical pulses. An alternative approach is to combine ultrafast scintillators with silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). Here, an overview presented of different classes scintillators, the aim assessing their potential application scintillator-SiPM indirect PCDs. To this end, three figures merit (FOMs) defined: pulse intensity, duration, and quality. These FOMs quantify how characteristics such as light yield, shape, energy resolution affect suitability for emissive characteristics; fourth FOM (ρZeff3.5) also take stopping power account. Other important properties selection process include low self-absorption, after-glow, possibility produce sub-mm pitch pixel arrays, cost-effectiveness. It shown that material promising emission Ce3+- Pr3+-doped materials, near band gap exciton emitters, plastics, core–valence materials. Possible shortcomings each these groups, e.g., suboptimal wavelength, nonproportionality, density, discussed. Additionally, engineering quenching scintillator emission, resulting targeted shortening decay time, codoping explored. When selecting and/or material, it consider not only but relevant SiPM properties, recharge time photodetection efficiency.

Language: Английский

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2D halide perovskite BA2PbBr4 as a resistive gas sensor for reversible NH3 detection

Materials Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 138345 - 138345

Published: March 1, 2025

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