Applications of Luminescent Cyclometalated Metal Complexes as Sensors and Switches

Synlett, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 19, 2025

Abstract Cyclometalated complexes, including those with pincer ligands and other chelating frameworks, such as porphyrin rings polyenes, have garnered significant attention due to their diverse applications in ion analyte detection across synthetic chemistry, environmental monitoring, medicine, electronics. These complexes exhibit fascinating chromic behaviors, mechanochromism, chemochromism, vapochromism, which are particularly useful sensing applications. Of particular interest photophysical properties, especially involving lanthanides, offer unique luminescent optical characteristics. Metals nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Ru), gold (Au), rhodium (Rh) been extensively studied order understand photochemical activity explore potential light-emitting devices, photo-induced electron transfer, technologies. Their vapochromic mechanochromic properties make them highly attractive for sensing, while photoluminescent capabilities enhance utility optoelectronic devices practical This review provides a comprehensive overview of applications, gas, cation, anion sensing. The discussion also highlights the need incorporate specific examples that demonstrate suitability these targeted tasks, further emphasizing promise advancing sensor device 1 Introduction 2 Strategies 3 Applications 4 Other Miscellaneous Examples 5 Drawbacks Limitations 6 Conclusion Perspectives 7 List Abbreviations Definitions

Language: Английский

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N,C,N-Pincers in Platinum Bimetallic Complexes: Influence of the Pincer and Bridging Ligands on the Metal–Metal Bond and the Photophysical Properties

Inorganic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 19, 2024

Precursors PtCl{κ

Language: Английский

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Peripheral-Carbazole-Group-Functionalized Tetradentate Carbene Platinum(II)/Palladium(II) Phosphorescent Complexes: Synthesis, Structures, and Optical Tuning

Inorganic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2025

We designed and synthesized two novel tetradentate carbene ligands, IM-carme IM-cardtb, both containing a peripheral carbazole group, with methyl 3,5-ditert-butyl-phenyl groups on their moieties, respectively. Thus, four new platinum(II) palladium(II) complexes (Pt-carme, Pt-cardtb, Pd-carme, Pd-cardtb) were synthesized. The X-ray structures reveal that the group promotes head-to-tail stacking arrangement intermolecular metal–metal interactions (Pt–Pt or Pd–Pd), whereas leads to head-to-head pattern π–π interactions. Notably, all emit narrow-band (43–55 nm) phosphorescence ranging from sky blue deep within wavelength range of 439–502 nm, 3, 5-ditert-butyl-phenyl-substituted (Pt-cardtb have longer emission wavelength, higher efficiency, lifetime than corresponding methyl-substituted (Pt-carme Pd-carme). Theoretical calculations demonstrate T1 state these exhibits prominent ILCT skeletal carbazole-phenoxy moieties benzimidazole pyridine as well MLCT characteristics. Furthermore, platinum exhibit more pronounced effects palladium complexes, leading shorter efficiency. This research offers insights for designing platinum(II)/palladium(II) phosphorescent materials featuring functional groups.

Language: Английский

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Emission Wavelength Control via Molecular Structure Design of Dinuclear Pt(II) Complexes: Optimizing Optical Properties for Red- and Near-Infrared Emissions

Crystals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 273 - 273

Published: March 15, 2025

Phosphorescent Pt(II) complexes have garnered significant attention as key components in luminescence-based systems due to their highly efficient emission properties. A notable characteristic of these is ability form excimers through strong molecular stacking concentrated solutions or solid film states. This aggregation-driven emission, primarily arising from metal–metal ligand charge transfer (MMLCT), influenced by overlapping d-orbitals oriented perpendicular the square planar structure complexes. Although this property hinders development pure blue-emitting complexes, it facilitates design materials that emit red- and near-infrared (NIR) light. By employing advanced techniques, dinuclear been optimized significantly enhance red NIR emissions modulation Pt-Pt interactions adjustments electron densities. review elucidates how control distances strategic modifications can directly influence spectra toward regions. comparative analysis recent studies underscores novelty effectiveness double-decker-type achieving characteristics long-wavelength range. These insights may guide structures for next-generation organometallic phosphorescent materials.

Language: Английский

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Structural Features and Photophysical and Antiproliferative Properties of Me₂N-pbt-Cycloplatinated Complexes with Picolinate Ligands

Inorganic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 13, 2025

2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)benzothiazolate (Me2N-pbt)-cyclometalated platinum complexes containing four different picolinate ligands, [Pt(Me2N-pbt)(R-pic-κN∧O)] (R = 3-H 1, 3-NH2 2, 3-OH 3, 4-COOH 4) were prepared and examined for their photophysical properties, singlet oxygen production, bioactivity. X-ray studies of 1 3·CHCl3 revealed aggregation to give 1D infinite chains. They showed phosphorescent emissions essentially associated with metal-perturbed 3ILCT excited states in 1-3 mixed 3LL'CT/3ILCT (L Me2N-pbt, L' pic) 4, agreement theoretical calculations. Their tendency self-assemble was demonstrated films (1, 3) DMSO/H2O (3). Complexes photosensitization quantum yields (ϕΔ 1O2) the range 13-17%. The vitro biological activity toward selected cell lines dark conditions under 5 min irradiation at 450 nm tested. Complex 3 highest phototoxicity up 10 times improvement antiproliferative upon irradiation, EC50 values nanomolar range, related overproduction ROS conditions, further enhanced irradiation. 1-4 did not bind DNA, while most potent complex interaction BSA photooxidation NADH. Finally, intracellular dose-dependent production MDA-MB-231 cells treated observed stimulated blue light

Language: Английский

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Heteronuclear Pt^II-Pd^II Dimers Formation through Ligands Subtle Tailoring

Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 1812 - 1821

Published: Dec. 15, 2024

Bright Pt–Pd emitters have been synthesized for the first time, heralding a new era in phosphorescent through meticulous design and tailoring of ligands, thus introducing novel approach to preparation luminescent materials.

Language: Английский

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A Highly Efficient Supramolecular Polymer-Based Singlet Oxygen Generator for Photocatalytic Minisci Alkylation

Langmuir, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(36), P. 19279 - 19286

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Supramolecular polymers, with their specific functional units and structures, can effectively enhance the absorption utilization of light energy, thereby facilitating more efficient photocatalytic organic reactions. In present work, we constructed a supramolecular polymer consisting benzothiazole derivatives (BTBP) cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]). The BTBP monomer, known for its unique chemical structure properties, has been found to exhibit remarkable capability in generating singlet oxygen (1O2). As result constraining impact macrocyclic molecule, inclusion CB[8] resulted an effective enhancement ability generate 1O2 while forming BTBP–CB[8]. When evaluating quantum yield using Rose Bengal (RB) as reference photosensitizer (75% water), BTBP–CB[8] demonstrated enhanced compared BTBP, impressive 152.4%, demonstrating that formation contributes 1O2. Subsequently, BTBP–CB[8], highly generator, was employed Minisci alkylation reaction, resulting reaction up 89%. strategies construction systems have exhibited efficacy production 1O2, underscoring immense prospects photocatalysis.

Language: Английский

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Ancillary ligand modulation effect on crystallization, metal aquation, fluorescence, lipophilicity, electrochemistry and anticancer activities of Pt(II) complexes

Journal of Molecular Liquids, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 126622 - 126622

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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