Horticulture Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: Oct. 6, 2024
Abstract
Triterpene
(C30
isoprene
compounds)
represents
the
most
structurally
diverse
class
of
natural
products
and
has
been
extensively
exploited
in
food,
medicine,
industrial
sectors.
Decades
research
on
medicinal
triterpene
biosynthetic
pathways
have
revealed
their
roles
stress
tolerance
shaping
microbiota.
However,
biological
function
mechanism
triterpenes
are
not
fully
identified.
Even
this
scientific
window
narrows
down
for
horticultural
trees.
The
lack
knowledge
a
scalable
production
system
limits
discovery
pathways.
Recent
synthetic
biology
several
important
that
define
address
many
societal
sustainability
challenges.
Here,
I
review
chemical
diversity
enzymes
involved
biosynthesis
This
also
outlines
integrated
Design-Build-Test-Learn
(DBTL)
pipelines
discovery,
characterization,
optimization
Further,
these
DBTL
components
share
fundamental
technical
difficulties,
highlighting
opportunities
interdisciplinary
collaboration
between
researchers
worldwide.
advancement
opens
up
unprecedented
bioengineering
compounds
toward
development
scaleup
processes.
Foods,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(4), P. 673 - 673
Published: Feb. 17, 2025
Microbial
foods
include
microbial
biomass,
naturally
fermented
foods,
and
heterologously
synthesized
food
ingredients
derived
from
fermentation.
Terpenoids,
using
isoprene
as
the
basic
structure,
possess
various
skeletons
functional
groups.
They
exhibit
diverse
physicochemical
properties
physiological
activities,
such
unique
flavor,
anti-bacterial,
anti-oxidant,
anti-cancer,
hypolipemic,
making
them
extensively
used
in
industry,
fragrance,
preservatives,
dietary
supplements,
medicinal
health
food.
Compared
to
traditional
strategies
like
direct
extraction
natural
species
chemical
synthesis,
cell
factories
for
edible
terpenoids
have
higher
titers
yields.
can
utilize
low-cost
raw
materials
are
easily
scaling-up,
representing
a
novel
green
sustainable
production
mode.
In
this
review,
we
briefly
introduce
synthetic
pathway
of
applications
producing
terpenoids.
Secondly,
highlight
several
typical
non-typical
chassis
terpenoid-producing
factories.
addition,
reviewed
recent
advances
representative
terpenoid
with
gram-scale
titer
preservation,
nutritional
enhancers,
foods.
Finally,
predict
future
directions
their
commercialization
process.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 3, 2024
Squalene
is
a
linear
polyunsaturated
triterpene
which
has
multiple
physiological
functions
including
anticancer,
antioxidant,
and
skin-care.
It
been
widely
used
in
the
food,
medicine,
cosmetics
sectors
also
serves
as
precursor
of
triterpenes
steroids.
Recently,
production
squalene
by
microbial
cell
hosts
drawn
much
attention
due
to
its
sustainability,
environmental
friendliness,
great
efficiency.
In
this
review,
we
first
introduce
recent
developments
employing
factories,
especially
yeasts.
Next,
underscore
primary
metabolic
strategies,
biosynthetic
pathway
engineering,
manipulation,
cofactor
organelle
engineering.
addition
traditional
engineering
discuss
some
prospective
regulation
approaches,
lipid
synthesis,
identifying
manipulating
related
transcription
factors,
dynamic
pathway,
secretion
membrane-impermeable
terpenoids.
These
approaches
provide
insights
for
further
Biotechnology Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
19(10)
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT
Squalene
(C
30
H
50
)
is
an
acyclic
triterpenoid
compound
renowned
for
its
myriad
physiological
functions,
such
as
anticancer
and
antioxidative
properties,
rendering
it
invaluable
in
both
the
food
pharmaceutical
sectors.
Due
to
natural
resource
constraints,
microbial
fermentation
has
emerged
a
prominent
trend.
Schizochytrium
sp.,
known
harbor
intact
mevalonate
acid
(MVA)
pathway,
possesses
inherent
capability
biosynthesize
squalene.
However,
there
dearth
of
reported
key
genes
MVA
squalene
synthesis
pathways,
along
with
associated
promoter
elements
their
modification.
This
study
commenced
by
cloning
characterizing
13
endogenous
promoters
derived
from
transcriptome
sequencing
data.
Subsequently,
five
exhibiting
varying
expression
intensities
were
chosen
aforementioned
pool
facilitate
overexpression
synthase
gene
synthetase
(SQS),
pivotal
pathway.
Ultimately,
transformed
strain
designated
SQS‐3626,
production
2.8
times
greater
than
that
wild‐type
strain,
was
identified.
Finally,
optimization
nitrogen
source
concentrations
trace
element
contents
medium
conducted.
Following
120
h
fed‐batch
fermentation,
accumulated
final
yield
SQS‐3626
reached
2.2
g/L.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 25, 2024
Squalene
epoxidase
plays
a
pivotal
role
in
the
biosynthesis
of
ergosterol,
its
derivatives,
and
other
triterpenoid
compounds
by
catalyzing
transformation
squalene
into
2,3-oxidosqualene.
However,
low
catalytic
efficiency
remains
primary
bottleneck
for
microbial
synthesis
triterpenoids.
In
this
study,
activity
from
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 25, 2025
(-)-α-Bisabolol,
a
monocyclic
susquiterpene
alcohol,
has
been
widely
used
in
the
fields
of
food,
medicine,
and
biofuel.
Recently,
rapid
development
synthetic
biology
offered
sustainable
route
for
production
(-)-α-bisabolol
by
microbial
cell
factories.
Even
though
efficient
biosynthesis
achieved
Escherichia
coli
with
highest
titer
23.4
g/L,
possible
infection
risk
bacteriophage
makes
E.
unsuitable
to
act
as
most
robust
chassis.
Herein,
we
optimized
MVA
pathway
Komagataella
phaffii
fused
farnesyl
diphosphate
synthase
(ERG20),
bisabolol
(-)-α-bisabolol.
Through
engineering
cofactor
NADPH,
molecular
chaperone,
transcription
factors,
obtained
(-)-α-bisabolol-producing
strain,
KB-30.
Finally,
highly
was
5
L
fed-batch
fermenter,
giving
32.8
g/L
space-time
yield
283
mg/L/h.
This
work
represents
date
provides
new
insights
terpenoid
biosynthesis.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
63(33), P. 14469 - 14479
Published: Aug. 7, 2024
Yarrowia
lipolytica
is
an
unconventional
oleaginous
yeast
with
special
physiological
characteristics.
Due
to
its
high
flux
of
acetyl-CoA,
extensive
substrate
spectra,
clear
gene
sequences,
and
mature
genetic
modification
tools,
it
has
received
widespread
attention
as
a
chassis
strain
for
the
production
various
compounds.
In
this
Perspective,
we
summarize
biosynthetic
pathway
terpenoids.
The
advantages
application
prospects
using
Y.
produce
natural
products
are
introduced.
Strategies
further
improve
metabolite
efficiency
also
discussed,
which
will
provide
references
guidance
expanding
lipolytica.
At
present,
used
variety
biochemicals.
With
development
synthetic
biology,
transformation
tools
can
be
developed
in
future
expression
capability.
It
not
only
simplify
operation
process,
but
promote
yield.
