Fifty Shades of Phenanthroline: Synthesis Strategies to Functionalize 1,10-Phenanthroline in All Positions
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
124(11), P. 6700 - 6902
Published: May 15, 2024
1,10-Phenanthroline
(phen)
is
one
of
the
most
popular
ligands
ever
used
in
coordination
chemistry
due
to
its
strong
affinity
for
a
wide
range
metals
with
various
oxidation
states.
Its
polyaromatic
structure
provides
robustness
and
rigidity,
leading
intriguing
features
numerous
fields
(luminescent
scaffolds,
catalysis,
supramolecular
chemistry,
sensors,
theranostics,
etc.).
Importantly,
phen
offers
eight
distinct
positions
functional
groups
be
attached,
showcasing
remarkable
versatility
such
simple
ligand.
As
result,
has
become
landmark
molecule
chemists,
serving
as
must-use
ligand
versatile
platform
designing
polyfunctional
arrays.
The
extensive
use
substituted
phenanthroline
different
metal
ions
resulted
diverse
array
complexes
tailored
applications.
For
instance,
these
have
been
utilized
sensitizers
dye-sensitized
solar
cells,
luminescent
probes
modified
antibodies
biomaterials,
creation
elegant
architectures
like
rotaxanes
catenanes,
exemplified
by
Sauvage's
Nobel
Prize-winning
work
2016.
In
summary,
found
applications
almost
every
facet
chemistry.
An
aspect
specific
reactivity
each
pair
carbon
atoms
([2,9],
[3,8],
[4,7],
[5,6]),
enabling
functionalization
Furthermore,
it
possible
differentiate
position
pairs,
resulting
non-symmetrical
systems
tremendous
versatility.
this
Review,
authors
aim
compile
categorize
existing
synthetic
strategies
stepwise
polyfunctionalization
positions.
This
comprehensive
toolbox
will
aid
chemists
virtually
any
survey
encompass
seminal
from
1950s
present
day.
scope
Review
limited
1,10-phenanthroline,
excluding
more
intracyclic
heteroatoms
or
fused
aromatic
cycles.
Overall,
primary
goal
highlight
both
old
recent
that
find
applicability
mentioned
By
doing
so,
hope
establish
first
reference
synthesis,
covering
all
on
backbone,
inspire
concerned
devise
new
not
yet
explored.
Language: Английский
Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Spirocyclization of Alkyl Amides with Maleimides via β-C(sp3)–H Activation
Organic Letters,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
25(34), P. 6305 - 6310
Published: Aug. 22, 2023
An
efficient
method
for
the
synthesis
of
bicyclic
spirodiamine
molecules
via
β-C(sp3)–H
bond
activation
aliphatic
amides,
followed
by
cyclization
with
maleimides,
has
been
developed.
The
reaction
proceeds
through
an
amide-directed
alkyl
amides
and
subsequent
maleimides.
methodology
is
highly
compatible
a
wide
variety
Amides
derived
from
biologically
active
fatty
acids
were
also
found
to
be
protocol.
A
palladacycle
was
synthesized
intermediate
in
this
reaction.
plausible
mechanism
proposed
account
spirocyclization.
Language: Английский
Synthesis of γ-Lactams via Palladium-Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Bond Activation of Alkyl Sulfonamides with Substituted Alkenes
Organic Letters,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 20, 2025
A
methodology
for
the
γ-butyrolactam
scaffolds
via
ligand-enabled
C(sp3)–H
bond
functionalization
of
sulfonamides
with
olefins
has
been
demonstrated.
The
protocol
found
to
be
compatible
several
activated
and
unactivated
olefins,
desired
lactams
were
formed
in
excellent
yields.
plausible
mechanism
described
account
lactamization
reaction
as
well
supported
by
mechanistic
investigation
including
a
1H
NMR
study
isolation
palladacycle
intermediate.
Language: Английский
Photoredox Catalyzed Tandem Denitrogenative [4 + 2] Annulation of 1,2,3-Benzotriazin-4(3H)-ones with Terminal Olefins
Haiqiong Li,
No information about this author
Liang Yu,
No information about this author
Fen Han
No information about this author
et al.
The Journal of Organic Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
89(21), P. 16043 - 16048
Published: Oct. 15, 2024
The
dihydroisoquinolones
skeleton
is
ubiquitous
in
natural
products
and
biological
molecules.
Reported
strategies
for
constructing
usually
require
noble
metal
catalysts
or
stoichiometric
oxidants,
which
limit
their
wide
applications.
Herein,
we
developed
a
photoredox
catalyzed
tandem
denitrogenative
[4
+
2]
annulation
reaction
of
1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-ones
with
terminal
olefins.
A
variety
can
be
accessed
moderate
to
excellent
yield.
This
protocol
features
high
atom-economy,
mild
conditions,
external
oxidant-free,
enabling
the
synthesis
various
substituted
dihydroisoquinolones.
Language: Английский