Advances in the Development of Single‐Atom Catalysts for High‐Energy‐Density Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(30)

Published: March 3, 2022

Abstract Although lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are promising next‐generation energy‐storage systems, their practical applications limited by the growth of Li dendrites and lithium polysulfide shuttling. These problems can be mitigated through use single‐atom catalysts (SACs), which exhibit advantages maximal atom utilization efficiency (≈100%) unique catalytic properties, thus effectively enhancing performance electrode materials in devices. This review systematically summarizes recent progress SACs intended for Li‐metal anodes, S cathodes, separators, briefly introducing operating principles Li–S batteries, action mechanisms corresponding SACs, fundamentals activity, then comprehensively describes main strategies synthesis. Subsequently, operation reinforced as well other metal–S individually illustrated, major challenges usage future development directions presented.

Language: Английский

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Designing a Built-In Electric Field for Efficient Energy Electrocatalysis

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 19959 - 19979

Published: Dec. 15, 2022

To utilize intermittent renewable energy as well achieve the goals of peak carbon dioxide emissions and neutrality, various electrocatalytic devices have been developed. However, reactions, e.g., hydrogen evolution reaction/oxygen reaction in overall water splitting, polysulfide conversion lithium–sulfur batteries, formation/decomposition lithium peroxide lithium–oxygen nitrate reduction to degrade sewage, suffer from sluggish kinetics caused by multielectron transfer processes. Owing merits accelerated charge transport, optimized adsorption/desorption intermediates, raised conductivity, regulation microenvironment, ease combine with geometric characteristics, built-in electric field (BIEF) is expected overcome above problems. Here, we give a Review about very recent progress BIEF for efficient electrocatalysis. First, construction strategies characterization methods (qualitative quantitative analysis) are summarized. Then, up-to-date overviews engineering electrocatalysis, attention on electron structure optimization microenvironment modulation, analyzed discussed detail. In end, challenges perspectives proposed. This gives deep understanding design electrocatalysts next-generation storage devices.

Language: Английский

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Sulfur Reduction Reaction in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Mechanisms, Catalysts, and Characterization

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(44)

Published: Sept. 18, 2022

Abstract Lithium–sulfur batteries are one of the most promising alternatives for advanced battery systems due to merits extraordinary theoretical specific energy density, abundant resources, environmental friendliness, and high safety. However, sluggish sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) kinetics results in poor utilization, which seriously hampers electrochemical performance Li–S batteries. It is critical reveal underlying mechanisms accelerate SRR kinetics. Herein, issues reviewed. The conversion pathways initially introduced give an overview SRR. Subsequently, recent advances catalyst materials that can summarized detail, including carbon, metal compounds, metals, single atoms. Besides, various characterization approaches discussed, be divided into three categories: measurements, spectroscopic techniques, calculations. Finally, conclusion outlook part gives a summary proposes several key points future investigations on activities. This review provide cutting‐edge insights

Language: Английский

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Design of the Synergistic Rectifying Interfaces in Mott–Schottky Catalysts

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 123(1), P. 1 - 30

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

The functions of interfacial synergy in heterojunction catalysts are diverse and powerful, providing a route to solve many difficulties energy conversion organic synthesis. Among heterojunction-based catalysts, the Mott–Schottky composed metal–semiconductor with predictable designable rising stars next-generation catalysts. We review concept discuss their applications various realms catalysis. In particular, design catalyst provides feasible strategy boost chemical synthesis processes, even allowing realization novel catalytic such as enhanced redox activity, Lewis acid–base pairs, electron donor–acceptor couples for dealing current problems catalysis storage. This focuses on synthesis, assembly, characterization Schottky heterojunctions photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, proposed principles, including importance constructing stable clean interfaces, tuning work function differences, preparing exposable structures designing electronic will provide reference development all heterojunction-type electrodes, conversion/storage devices, super absorbers, which currently topics interest fields fuel cells, CO2 reduction, wastewater treatment.

Language: Английский

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Advances in High Sulfur Loading Cathodes for Practical Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(39)

Published: Aug. 3, 2022

Abstract Lithium‐sulfur batteries hold great potential for next‐generation energy storage systems, due to their high theoretical density and the natural abundance of sulfur. Although much progress has been achieved recently, low actual LiS is still key challenge in implementing practical applications. Because greatly depends on areal capacity sulfur cathodes, content loading play an important role meeting conditions necessary Therefore, escalating cathodes essential promote technology from laboratory‐scale devices industrial (or commercial) systems. In this review, recent (>4 mg cm −2 ) highlighted various aspects, including hosts, binders, separators, interlayers. particular, hosts derived carbon, polymer, transition metal oxide/ sulfide, metal‐organic framework, other novel materials, which can loading, are discussed detail. Moreover, unique free‐standing structures configurational innovation separators interlayers overviewed. Based current achievements, future efforts developing high‐loading proposed pave way commercial

Language: Английский

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Progress and challenges in electrochemical energy storage devices: Fabrication, electrode material, and economic aspects

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 468, P. 143706 - 143706

Published: May 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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Strategies toward High-Loading Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

ACS Energy Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 116 - 150

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

A high sulfur loading is an essential prerequisite for the practical application of lithium–sulfur batteries. However, it will inevitably exacerbate shuttling effect and slow down polysulfide conversion kinetics. To obtain desirable electrochemical performance at a level loading, adsorption catalysis dual strategies are widely reported to solve severe sluggish reaction kinetics issues. This review mainly summarizes research on batteries with (>5 mg cm–2) based adsorption–catalysis promotion strategies. Specifically, we principle technical challenges recent advancements in electrode materials design, as well potential approaches suggestions constructing next-generation loading. provide guidance energy density power under offer better reference researchers choose adsorbents catalysts.

Language: Английский

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Alloying Co Species into Ordered and Interconnected Macroporous Carbon Polyhedra for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Rechargeable Zinc–Air Batteries

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(17)

Published: March 2, 2022

Engineering non-precious transition metal (TM)-based electrocatalysts to simultaneously achieve an optimal intrinsic activity, high density of active sites, and rapid mass transfer ability for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) remains a significant challenge. To address this challenge, hybrid composite consisting Fex Co alloy nanoparticles uniformly implanted into hierarchically ordered macro-/meso-/microporous N-doped carbon polyhedra (HOMNCP) is rationally designed. The combined results experimental theoretical investigations indicate that alloying enables favorable electronic structure formation *OH intermediate, while periodically trimodal-porous structured matrix not only provides highly accessible channels site utilization but also dramatically facilitates in catalytic process. As expected, Fe0.5 Co@HOMNCP catalyst exhibits extraordinary ORR activity with half-wave potential 0.903 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode), surpassing most Co-based catalysts reported date. More remarkably, use as air electrode zinc-air battery superior open-circuit voltage power compared commercial Pt/C + IrO2 catalyst. study are expected inspire development advanced TM-based energy storage conversion applications.

Language: Английский

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Expediting Stepwise Sulfur Conversion via Spontaneous Built‐In Electric Field and Binary Sulfiphilic Effect of Conductive NbB₂‐MXene Heterostructure in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(15)

Published: Jan. 25, 2023

Abstract Fabricating metal boride heterostructures and deciphering their interface interaction mechanism on accelerating polysulfide conversion at atomic levels are meaningful yet challenging in lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs). Herein, novel highly‐conductive binary sulfiphilic NbB 2 ‐MXene elaborately designed with spontaneous built‐in electric field (BIEF) via a simple one‐step borothermal reduction strategy. Experimental theoretical results reveal that Nb B atoms can chemically bond polysulfides, thereby enriching chemical anchor catalytic active sites. Meanwhile, the BIEF induces interfacial charge redistribution to make more electrons transferred surface sites, weakening its strong adsorption property transfer electron diffusion hetero‐interface, so providing moderate adsorb‐ability decreasing sulfur‐species energy barriers, further boosting intrinsically activity of for accelerated bidirectional sulfur conversion. Thus, S/NbB cathode presents high initial capacity 1310.1 mAh g −1 0.1 C, stable long‐term lifespan 500 cycles (0.076% decay per cycle) 1 large areal 6.5 cm −2 (sulfur loading: 7.0 mg lean electrolyte 5 µL s ) C. This work clearly unveils effect stepwise levels.

Language: Английский

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Strengthened d–p Orbital Hybridization through Asymmetric Coordination Engineering of Single-Atom Catalysts for Durable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Nano Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(15), P. 6366 - 6374

Published: July 29, 2022

Although single-atom catalysts (SACs) have been largely explored in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, the commonly reported nonpolar transition metal-N4 coordinations only demonstrate inferior adsorption and catalytic activity toward shuttled lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). Herein, single Fe atoms with asymmetric coordination configurations of Fe-N3C2-C were precisely designed synthesized as efficient immobilizer catalyst for LiPSs. The experimental theoretical results elucidate that asymmetrically coordinated moieties not enhance LiPSs anchoring capability by formation extra π-bonds originating from S p orbital dx2-y2/dxy hybridization but also boost redox kinetics reduced Li2S precipitation/decomposition barrier, leading to suppressed shuttle effect. Consequently, Li-S batteries assembled exhibit high areal capacity cycling stability even under sulfur loading lean electrolyte conditions. This work highlights important role symmetry SACs promoting practical application batteries.

Language: Английский

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