Visible-Light-Induced Cascade Difunctionalization of Indoles Enabled by the Synergy of Photoredox and Photoexcited Ketones: Direct Access to Alkylated Pyrrolophenanthridones DOI
Su Chen, Serena Pillitteri, Eduard Fron

et al.

Organic Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(51), P. 9386 - 9391

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Herein, we describe a methodology to construct polycyclic pyrrolophenanthridones with an (amino)alkyl side chain that involves visible-light-induced decarboxylative radical addition for the intermolecular dearomatization of indoles and subsequent photoinduced C(sp2)-X bond activation via photoexcited ketones intramolecular cyclization cascade. Carboxylic acids serve both as source toward indole reductants initiate electron transfer N-acylindole derivatives in reaction pyrrolophenantridone skeletons, which occurs under mild conditions good functional group tolerance.

Language: Английский

Organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) compounds used in photocatalysis DOI Creative Commons

Megan Amy Bryden,

Eli Zysman‐Colman

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 50(13), P. 7587 - 7680

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Organic compounds that show Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) have become wildly popular as next generation emitters in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), but since 2016, received significant and increasing attention photocatalysts.

Language: Английский

Citations

342

Visible-light induced dearomatization reactions DOI

Yuan‐Zheng Cheng,

Zuolijun Feng,

Xiǎo Zhang

et al.

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 51(6), P. 2145 - 2170

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

This review provides an overview of visible-light induced dearomatization reactions classified based on the manner in which aromaticity is disrupted.

Language: Английский

Citations

234

Aroyl Fluorides as Bifunctional Reagents for Dearomatizing Fluoroaroylation of Benzofurans DOI Creative Commons
Xiaoye Yu, Qingyuan Meng, Constantin G. Daniliuc

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 144(16), P. 7072 - 7079

Published: March 22, 2022

The 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran scaffold is widely found in natural products and biologically active compounds. Herein, dearomatizing 2,3-fluoroaroylation of benzofurans with aroyl fluorides as bifunctional reagents to access 2,3-difunctionalized dihydrobenzofurans reported. reaction that occurs by cooperative NHC/photoredox catalysis provides 3-aroyl-2-fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans moderate good yield high diastereoselectivity. Cascades proceed via radical/radical cross-coupling a benzofuran radical cation generated the photoredox cycle neutral ketyl formed through NHC cycle. redox-neutral transformation exhibits broad substrate scope functional group compatibility. With anhydrides reagents, aroyloxyacylation achieved strategy can also be applied

Language: Английский

Citations

125

Free Carboxylic Acids: The Trend of Radical Decarboxylative Functionalization DOI
Liubo Li, Yan Yao, Niankai Fu

et al.

European Journal of Organic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(21)

Published: April 7, 2023

Abstract The exceptional versatility of carboxylic acids has been extensively exploited in organic synthesis across several decades. There a recent upsurge radical decarboxylative transformations. process can be initiated under mild conditions, and the resultant radicals have orthogonal reactivities to closed‐shell species, thus providing immense opportunities for streamlining novel reactions. use free is most desirable owing its high atom step economy. Aiming demonstrate attractiveness strategy inspire chemists tackle existing challenges, this review outlines advances on functionalization acids.

Language: Английский

Citations

58

Visible-Light Photoredox-Catalyzed Intermolecular α-Aminomethyl/Carboxylative Dearomatization of Indoles with CO2 and α-Aminoalkyl Radical Precursors DOI

Wanxu Gao,

Qi Yang,

Yang Han

et al.

Organic Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 467 - 472

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Disclosed here is a visible-light photoredox-catalyzed intermolecular sequential α-aminomethyl/carboxylative dearomatization of indoles with CO2 and α-aminoalkyl radical precursors, affording series functionalized indoline-3-carboxylic acids lactams in good yields high regioselectivity. This multicomponent reaction provides green facile method for the synthesis diverse indolines by using as carboxylic carbonyl source.

Language: Английский

Citations

19

Translating Planar Heterocycles into Three‐Dimensional Analogs by Photoinduced Hydrocarboxylation** DOI Creative Commons
Myriam Mikhael, Sara N. Alektiar, Charles S. Yeung

et al.

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(30)

Published: May 18, 2023

The rapid preparation of complex three-dimensional (3D) heterocyclic scaffolds is a key challenge in modern medicinal chemistry. Despite the increased probability clinical success for small molecule therapeutic candidates with 3D complexity, new drug targets remain dominated by flat molecules due to abundance coupling reactions available their construction. In principle, heteroarene hydrofunctionalization offer an opportunity transform readily accessible planar into more three-dimensionally analogs through introduction single molecular vector. Unfortunately, dearomative limited. Herein, we report strategy enable hydrocarboxylation indoles and related heterocycles. This reaction represents rare example that meets numerous requirements broad implementation discovery. transformation highly chemoselective, scope, operationally simple, amenable high-throughput experimentation (HTE). Accordingly, this process will allow existing libraries heteroaromatic compounds be translated diverse exploration classes medicinally relevant molecules.

Language: Английский

Citations

35

Photochemical dearomative skeletal modifications of heteroaromatics DOI Creative Commons
Peng Ji, Kuaikuai Duan, Menglong Li

et al.

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 53(12), P. 6600 - 6624

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Dearomatization has emerged as a powerful tool for rapid construction of 3D molecular architectures from simple, abundant, and planar (hetero)arenes. The field evolved beyond simple dearomatization driven by new synthetic technology development. With the renaissance photocatalysis expansion activation mode, last few years have witnessed impressive developments in innovative photochemical methodologies, enabling skeletal modifications dearomatized structures. They offer truly efficient useful tools facile highly complex structures, which are viable natural product synthesis drug discovery. In this review, we aim to provide mechanistically insightful overview on these innovations based degree alteration, categorized into dearomative functionalization editing, highlight their utilities.

Language: Английский

Citations

14

α‐Amino Acids: An Emerging Versatile Synthon in Visible Light‐Driven Decarboxylative Transformations DOI
Tianju Shao,

Xu Ban,

Zhiyong Jiang

et al.

The Chemical Record, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(10)

Published: June 5, 2023

Abstract α‐Amino acids have been widely recognized as environmental‐benign and non‐fossil carbon sources both in biological synthetic chemistry. In recent years, with the remarkable development of visible‐light photocatalysis organic synthesis, α‐amino acid its derivatives received tremendous attention radical precursors via photocatalyzed decarboxylation, thus realizing diverse aminoalkylated transformations or constructions novel N ‐bearing heterocyclic motifs by taking advantage ‐atoms from acid. This review aims to provide a comprehensive update on exploitation visible light photocatalysis, particular emphasis types employed their distinct mechanisms applied wherein.

Language: Английский

Citations

19

Decatungstate‐Photocatalyzed Diastereoselective Dearomative Hydroalkylation of Indoles DOI Creative Commons

Emeric Montinho‐Inacio,

Damien Bouchet, Wei‐Yang Ma

et al.

European Journal of Organic Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(22)

Published: April 16, 2024

Abstract In this study, we present an efficient and straightforward dearomative hydroalkylation of indoles. By utilizing alkanes or ethers as alkyl radical sources employing TBADT a cost‐effective photocatalyst for direct hydrogen atom transfers (HAT), achieved successful conversion these heterocyclic derivatives into 2‐alkylindolines with good to excellent yields high diastereoselectivity under mild reaction conditions.

Language: Английский

Citations

8

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials: innovative design and advanced application in biomedicine, catalysis and electronics DOI Creative Commons
Ehsan Ullah Mughal,

Syeda Fariha Kainat,

Abdulaziz M. Almohyawi

et al.

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 7383 - 7471

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) materials have emerged as a revolutionary class of functional compounds, driven by their unique ability to utilize excitons from both singlet and triplet states for efficient fluorescence emission. This manuscript provides an overview recent innovations in TADF material design, focusing on molecular strategies achieve optimal properties, including small singlet-triplet energy gaps (ΔE ST) high photoluminescence quantum yields. We explore the diverse applications materials, spanning OLEDs, biomedical imaging, photosensitizers, photocatalysis, UV photodetectors (UVOPDs), electrogenerated chemiluminescence, triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) sensitizers, organic hybrid microwire radial heterojunctions, multicolor luminescent micelles, mechano-luminescence (ML), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs), fluorescent probes. The integration these technologies highlights potential enhance performance efficiency. Through this review, we aim elucidate fundamental principles governing behavior present forward-looking perspective synthetic methodologies new, versatile materials.

Language: Английский

Citations

1