This
review
highlights
recent
advances
in
maleimide-based
annulation
and
cyclization
strategies,
offering
insights
into
their
synthetic
versatility
potential
applications
creating
structurally
diverse
aromatics
bioactive
heterocycles.
Organic Letters,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
25(34), P. 6305 - 6310
Published: Aug. 22, 2023
An
efficient
method
for
the
synthesis
of
bicyclic
spirodiamine
molecules
via
β-C(sp3)–H
bond
activation
aliphatic
amides,
followed
by
cyclization
with
maleimides,
has
been
developed.
The
reaction
proceeds
through
an
amide-directed
alkyl
amides
and
subsequent
maleimides.
methodology
is
highly
compatible
a
wide
variety
Amides
derived
from
biologically
active
fatty
acids
were
also
found
to
be
protocol.
A
palladacycle
was
synthesized
intermediate
in
this
reaction.
plausible
mechanism
proposed
account
spirocyclization.
Organic Letters,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
26(24), P. 5098 - 5104
Published: June 7, 2024
We
disclose
a
new
general
strategy
for
the
site-selective
difluoroalkylation
of
nonprefunctionalized
heteroarenes,
such
as
quinoxaline
at
C-8
position,
and
benzothiadiazole,
benzoxadiazole,
benzothiazole
C-4
position
via
consecutive
organophotoredox-catalyzed
radical–radical
cross-coupling
base-assisted
hydrogen
abstraction
reactions.
The
current
methodology
represents
direct
difluoroalkylative
to
allow
broad
functional
group
tolerance
wide
substrate
scope
in
good
excellent
yields.
Careful
experimental
investigations
detailed
DFT
calculations
revealed
exact
site-selectivity
heteroarenes
possible
mechanistic
pathway.
Chemical Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
59(75), P. 11196 - 11199
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
A
visible
light-driven
di-functionalization
of
maleimide
with
disulfide
and
in
situ
-generated
singlet
oxygen
offers
selective
1,2-thiohydroxylation
under
additive-free
conditions.
Chemistry - A European Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
30(45)
Published: May 8, 2024
Demonstrated
here
is
an
external
photo-sensitizer-free
(auto-sensitized)
singlet
oxygen-enabled
solvent-dependent
tertiary
hydroxylation
and
aryl-alkyl
spiro-etherification
of
C3-maleimidated
quinoxalines.
Such
"reagent-less"
photo-oxygenation
at
Csp
Organic Letters,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 1, 2025
Achieving
the
site-selective
functionalization
of
unactivated
C(sp3)-H
bonds
remains
a
major
challenge
in
organic
synthesis.
Herein,
we
report
an
efficient
method
for
synthesis
spiro
pyrrolidine
molecules
via
γ-C(sp3)-H
bond
activation
substituted
amino
acids.
A
variety
acid
and
alcohol
derivatives,
as
well
dipeptides,
were
functionalized
using
this
method.
Also,
spirocyclization
optically
active
substrates
provided
potential
route
preparing
separable
diastereomers
pure
enantiomeric
form.
Moreover,
some
mechanistic
insights
have
been
conducted
to
propose
feasible
reaction
mechanism
present
reaction.
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
366(8), P. 1840 - 1846
Published: Feb. 8, 2024
Abstract
Herein,
we
report
a
chemo‐
and
regioselective
Rh‐catalyzed
redox
C7‐spiroannulation
reaction
of
N
‐benzo[
d
]imidazole
indolines
with
maleimides,
resulting
in
series
indoline
fused
azaspirocycles
up
to
92%
yield.
The
synthetic
utility
is
demonstrated
by
the
synthesis
highly
functionalized
nitrogen‐containing
spiropolycyclic
skeletons.
annulation
could
also
be
performed
maleic
esters
acrylates.
products
were
purified
simple
filtration.
Rh
catalyst
can
recycled,
at
gram‐scale
using
0.5
mol%
catalyst,
which
makes
this
protocol
potentially
applicable
industry.
Moreover,
efficient
post‐modification
pharmaceutical
molecules
demonstrates
its
practicability.
The Journal of Organic Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
88(23), P. 16655 - 16660
Published: Nov. 14, 2023
A
base-mediated
1,1-difunctionalization
of
vinylene
carbonate
has
been
achieved
using
two
different
nucleophiles,
namely,
thiol
and
alcohol,
with
the
assistance
air
(O2).
In
alcoholic
solvents,
decarboxylation
occurs
at
room
temperature
to
provide
a
1,1-difunctionalized
product,
where
serves
as
an
ethynol
(C2)
synthon
in
this
three-component
reaction.
On
other
hand,
acetonitrile,
exclusive
hydrothiolation
under
basic
conditions
temperature.
This
method
offers
one-pot
decarboxylative
regioselective
difunctionalization
for
construction
α-alkoxy-β-hydroxy
sulfide.
Chemistry - An Asian Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 7, 2024
Solvent
plays
an
important
role
in
many
chemical
reactions.
The
C-H
activation
has
been
one
of
the
most
powerful
tools
organic
synthesis.
These
reactions
are
often
assisted
by
solvents
which
not
only
provide
a
medium
for
but
also
facilitate
reaching
to
product
stage.
solvent
helps
reaction
profile
both
chemically
and
energetically
reach
targeted
product.
Organic
transformations
via
from
assistance
perspective
discussed
this
review.
Various
such
as
tetrahydrofuran
(THF),
MeCN,
dichloromethane
(DCM),
dimethoxyethane
(DME),
1,2-dichloroethane
(1,2-DCE),
dimethylformamide
(DMF),
dimethylsulfoxide
(DMSO),
isopropyl
nitrile
(