Synthesis,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
54(01), P. 92 - 110
Published: Aug. 3, 2021
Abstract
In
recent
decades,
transition-metal-catalyzed
nucleophilic
dearomatization
of
electron-deficient
heteroarenes,
such
as
pyridines,
quinolines,
isoquinolines
and
nitroindoles,
has
become
a
powerful
method
for
accessing
unsaturated
heterocycles.
This
short
review
summarizes
dearomatizations
heteroarenes
with
carbon-
heteroatom-based
nucleophiles
via
transition-metal
catalysis.
A
significant
number
functionalized
heterocycles
are
obtained
this
transformation.
Importantly,
many
these
reactions
carried
out
in
an
enantioselective
manner
by
means
asymmetric
catalysis,
providing
unique
the
construction
enantioenriched
1
Introduction
2
Transition-Metal-Catalyzed
Nucleophilic
Dearomatization
Heteroarenes
Alkynylation
3
Heteroarenes
Arylation
4
Other
Nucleophiles
5
Formed
Situ
6
Conclusion
Outlook
Organic Chemistry Frontiers,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
8(22), P. 6330 - 6336
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
An
organocatalytic
asymmetric
dearomative
[4
+
2]
annulation
of
2-nitrobenzofurans
and
5
H
-thiazol-4-ones
is
developed
for
the
construction
dihydrobenzofuran-bridged
polycyclic
skeletons
with
good
results.
Organic Letters,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
23(20), P. 7865 - 7872
Published: Sept. 28, 2021
A
palladium-catalyzed
enantioselective
Heck
cyclization/dearomatization
cascade
via
capturing
the
cyclized
π-allylpalladium
intermediate
by
β-naphthols
is
reported,
which
provides
a
new
strategy
for
construction
of
chiral
indole-terpenoid
frameworks.
This
method
affords
indole-functionalized
β-naphthalenone
compounds
bearing
an
all-carbon-substituted
quaternary
center
in
excellent
yields
(up
to
92%)
and
enantioselectivities
94%
ee).
In
addition,
utility
this
showcased
gram-scale
syntheses
diverse
transformations
dearomatized
products.
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
363(12), P. 3115 - 3120
Published: April 13, 2021
Abstract
An
efficient
enantioselective
dearomative
cycloaddition
reaction
between
either
2‐nitroindoles
or
2‐nitrobenzofurans
and
N
‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethylisatin
ketimines
by
dipeptided
phosphonium
salt
catalysis
is
firstly
established.
This
protocol
provides
a
new
facile
synthetic
approach
to
create
variety
of
CF
3
‐containing
polycyclic
spirooxindole
derivatives
under
mild
conditions
with
high
yields
in
excellent
diastereo‐
enantioselectivities
(all
>20:1
dr
,
up
95%
ee).
magnified
image
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
29(5), P. 1163 - 1163
Published: March 5, 2024
An
efficient
dearomative
(3
+
2)
cycloaddition
of
para-quinamines
and
2-nitrobenzofurans
has
been
developed.
This
reaction
proceeds
smoothly
under
mild
conditions
affords
a
series
benzofuro[3,2-b]indol-3-one
derivatives
in
good
to
excellent
yields
(up
98%)
with
perfect
diastereoselectivities
(all
cases
>
20:1
dr).
The
scale-up
synthesis
versatile
derivatizations
demonstrate
the
potential
synthetic
application
protocol.
A
plausible
mechanism
is
also
proposed
account
for
observed
process.
work
represents
first
instance
N-triggered
2-nitrobenzofurans.
Organic Letters,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 8, 2025
Triggered
by
the
reaction
of
an
oxime
ether
with
a
rhodium
carbenoid,
nitrogen-containing
three-dimensional
frameworks
were
constructed
from
linear
motifs
via
intramolecular
cycloaddition
endo-cyclic
azomethine
ylide.
In
this
transformation,
successive
stereocenters
containing
quaternary
carbons
formed,
affording
corresponding
tricyclic
compounds
in
moderate-to-good
yields.
The
utility
these
products
was
demonstrated
through
several
transformations.
Organic Letters,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
22(18), P. 7088 - 7093
Published: Aug. 28, 2020
The
first
catalytic
enantioselective
dearomatization/rearomatization
of
2-nitroindoles
triggered
by
the
Michael
addition
3-monosubstituted
oxindoles
was
established.
A
wide
range
3-indolyl-3'-alkyloxindoles
(up
to
99%
yield,
97%
ee)
and
3-indolyl-3'-aryloxindoles
95%
were
obtained
using
an
organocatalyst.
This
method
provides
unprecedented
strategy
access
structurally
diverse
3,3'-disubstituted
bearing
a
sterically
congested
triaryl-containing
all-carbon
quaternary
stereocenter.
utility
this
approach
verified
formal
synthesis
cyclotryptamine
alkaloids.
Chemistry - A European Journal,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
28(2)
Published: Oct. 29, 2021
The
application
of
dinuclear
zinc
catalysts
in
a
dearomatization
reaction
has
been
developed.
Catalytic
asymmetric
[3+2]
annulations
2-nitrobenzofurans
or
2-nitrobenzothiophenes
with
CF3
-containing
N-unprotected
isatin-derived
azomethine
ylides
catalyzed
by
are
realized
excellent
diastereomer
ratios
(dr)
>20
:
1
and
enantiomeric
excess
(ee)
up
to
99
%.
This
protocol
provides
practical,
straightforward
access
structurally
diverse
pyrrolidinyl
spirooxindoles
containing
2,3-fused-dihydrobenzofuran
(or
dihydrobenzothiphene)
moiety,
four
contiguous
stereocenters.
Reactions
can
be
performed
on
gram
scale.
absolute
configuration
products
is
confirmed
X-ray
single
crystal
structure
analysis,
possible
mechanism
proposed.
European Journal of Organic Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
2022(18)
Published: April 5, 2022
Abstract
Dearomatization
reactions
employing
simple
aromatic
compounds
have
showcased
remarkable
progress
in
the
recent
decade
and
emerged
as
one
of
most
straightforward
powerful
tools
for
creation
highly
functionalized,
three‐dimensional
molecular
frameworks
commonly
encountered
medicinal
chemistry
life
sciences.
Among
use,
nitro(hetero)arenes,
which
feature
a
less
pronounced
character
due
to
presence
electron‐withdrawing
nitro
group,
been
extensively
used
different
types
dearomatization
reactions.
The
dearomative
annulation
reaction
serves
versatile
method
construction
complex
polycyclic
systems.
This
overview
presents
brief
summary
impressive
advances
nitro(hetero)arenes
provides
some
inspirations
future
research.
Chirality,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
34(7), P. 1019 - 1034
Published: May 6, 2022
Abstract
A
readily
available
chiral
cyclohexanediamine‐derived
bifunctional
tertiary
amine‐squaramide
catalyst
is
more
effective
for
the
asymmetric
dearomative
1,3‐dipolar
cycloaddition
of
2‐nitrobenzofurans
and
N
‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethylisatin
ketimines.
range
structurally
diverse
spiro‐fused
polyheterocyclic
compounds
containing
oxindole,
pyrrolidine,
hydrobenzofuran
motifs
were
smoothly
obtained
in
excellent
results
(up
to
99%
yield,
>20:1
dr
all
cases
up
ee).
This
method
features
high
efficiency,
mild
reaction
conditions,
exquisite
induction,
wide
functional
group
tolerance,
great
potential
scale‐up
synthesis,
attractive
product
diversification.