Lithium
(Li)
metal
batteries
have
been
extensively
studied
for
their
high
energy
density,
but
uncontrolled
Li
dendrites
and
severe
volume
fluctuation
significantly
limit
commercial
applications.
To
address
this
issue
in
anodes,
a
flexible
self-supporting
film
was
developed
by
integrating
Cu2O/Cu
heterojunction
with
gradient
distribution
three-dimensional
(3D)
single-walled
carbon
nanotube
(SWCNT)
network.
The
top-down
can
serve
as
nucleation
sites
combined
the
porous
structure
of
3D
scaffold,
achieving
massive
deposition
film.
Moreover,
Mott-Schottky
junction
between
Cu2O
Cu
trigger
built-in
electric
field
(BIEF)
at
heterointerfaces,
thereby
accelerating
electron
transfer
Li+
migration.
Benefiting
from
physicochemical
bidirectional
regulation,
Cu2O/Cu@SWCNT/Li
realizes
an
ultralow
voltage
polarization
13
mV
prolonged
cycling
stability
over
1800
h
symmetric
cell
(1
mA
cm-2
1
mAh
cm-2).
Additionally,
shows
excellent
cycle
Cu2O/Cu@SWCNT-Li//LiFePO4
full
cell,
providing
practical
ideas
subsequent
design
lithium
anodes.
ChemPhysChem,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(8)
Published: Feb. 7, 2024
Comparing
with
the
commercial
Li-ion
batteries,
Li
metal
secondary
batteries
(LMB)
exhibit
unparalleled
energy
density.
However,
many
issues
have
hindered
practical
application.
As
an
element
in
lithium
and
anode-free
role
of
current
collector
is
critical.
cathode
collector,
more
requirements
been
imposed
on
anode
as
side
usually
starting
point
thermal
runaway
other
risks,
additionally,
battery
very
likely
determines
cycling
life
full
cell.
In
review,
we
first
give
a
systematic
introduction
copper
related
challenges,
then
summarize
main
approaches
that
mentioned
research,
including
Cu
3D
architecture,
lithophilic
modification
artificial
SEI
layer
construction
carbon
or
polymer
decoration
collector.
Finally,
prospective
comment
future
development
this
field.
Advanced Energy Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: June 4, 2025
Abstract
Interfaces,
particularly
the
solid
electrolyte
interface
(SEI),
play
a
crucial
role
in
performance
and
durability
of
batteries.
Peled
first
proposed
inception
SEI.
The
SEI,
which
is
formed
by
decomposition
on
electrode
surface,
affects
battery
stability,
electrochemistry,
cycle
life.
structural
properties
SEI
are
related
to
lithium
stripping
plating
efficiency,
as
well
overall
lifespan.
In
metal
batteries,
must
manage
significant
volume
changes
prevent
dendrite
growth
that
can
lead
short
circuits
capacity
losses.
This
challenge
exacerbated
anode‐free
where
uncontrolled
cause
rapid
degradation.
Improving
stability
vital
for
enhancing
performance,
researchers
exploring
various
strategies,
such
use
additives
synthetic
films.
Advanced
situ
characterization
methods,
atomic
force
microscopy
X‐ray
photoelectron
spectrometry,
provide
insights
into
evolution
SEIs
under
operating
conditions.
review
covers
recent
research
formation
lithium‐metal
emphasizes
stabilization
examines
new
real‐time
methods.
