SHED-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Sjögren’s Syndrome-Induced Hyposalivation by Suppressing Th1 Cell Response via the miR-29a-3p/T-bet Axis

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Background: Sjögren's syndrome (SS), an autoimmune disease, was characterized by sicca and systemic manifestations, presenting significant treatment challenges. Exosomes, naturally derived nanoparticles containing bioactive molecules, have garnered interest in regenerative medicine. The present study aimed to elucidate the immunoregulatory properties mechanism of exosomes obtained from stem cells human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED-exos) SS-induced sialadenitis. Methods: SHED-exo were injected into submandibular glands (SMGs) 14-week-old nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, a classic animal model SS. At 21 weeks, saliva flow rate (SFR) measured. Lymphocyte proportions examined via cytometry. Inflammatory cytokine levels Quantibody mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 array ELISA. miR-29a-3p expression its regulatory effect on T-bet detected using FISH luciferase reporter gene assay, respectively. Results: SHED-exos SMGs increased SFR, reduced lymphocytic infiltration, decreased inflammatory serum, SMG tissues, saliva. Mechanistically, suppressed Th1 proportion spleen lymphocytes NOD mice. Exosomal targeted expression, which is Th1-specific transcription factor. In vitro, (but not miR-29a-3p-inhibited exosomes) level differentiation IFN-γ TNF-α production. Furthermore, blocked increase production induced overexpression. vivo, neither secretion mice nor decrease SMGs. Conclusion: suppress cell response through miR-29a-3p/T-bet axis, contributing amelioration hyposalivation.

Language: Английский

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Strategies for promoting neurovascularization in bone regeneration

Military Medical Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: March 3, 2025

Abstract Bone tissue relies on the intricate interplay between blood vessels and nerve fibers, both are essential for many physiological pathological processes of skeletal system. Blood provide necessary oxygen nutrients to bone tissues, remove metabolic waste. Concomitantly, fibers precede during growth, promote vascularization, influence cells by secreting neurotransmitters stimulate osteogenesis. Despite critical roles components, current biomaterials generally focus enhancing intraosseous vessel repair, while often neglecting contribution nerves. Understanding distribution main functions in is crucial developing effective engineering. This review first explores anatomy highlighting their vital embryonic development, metabolism, repair. It covers innovative regeneration strategies directed at accelerating intrabony neurovascular system over past 10 years. The issues covered included material properties (stiffness, surface topography, pore structures, conductivity, piezoelectricity) acellular biological factors [neurotrophins, peptides, ribonucleic acids (RNAs), inorganic ions, exosomes]. Major challenges encountered neurovascularized materials clinical translation have also been highlighted. Furthermore, discusses future research directions potential developments aimed producing repair that more accurately mimic natural healing tissue. will serve as a valuable reference researchers clinicians novel into practice. By bridging gap experimental practical application, these advancements transform treatment defects significantly improve quality life patients with bone-related conditions.

Language: Английский

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A Smart Injectable Hydrogel with Dual Responsivity to Arginine Gingipain A and Reactive Oxygen Species for Multifunctional Therapy of Periodontitis

Small, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 24, 2025

Abstract Distinct clinical phenotypes of periodontitis are associated with specific microbiome profiles and diverse inflammatory conditions. Current drug delivery systems face challenges in precisely modulating this dynamic microenvironment. Effective inhibition bone resorption can only be achieved through a strategic response to bacterial infections inflammation within the periodontal pocket, followed by prompt treatment tailored disease severity. In study, tannic acid (TA) is loaded into hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) that functionalized positively charged polyarginines (R8) negatively human serum albumin (HSA). These HMSNs‐R8@TA‐HSA (HRT) then encapsulated an injectable Nap‐Gly‐Phe‐Phe‐Tyr‐OH (NapGFFY) hydrogel (NHRT). The intermediate linker R8 interact both arginine gingipain A (RgpA) reactive oxygen species (ROS), which serve as markers inflammation, respectively. HSA, arginine, TA, nitric oxide differentially released from varying concentrations RgpA ROS, demonstrating excellent antibacterial, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory properties. This smart RgpA/ROS dual‐responsive multifunctional therapy provides new prospects for management periodontitis.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Peptide-Functionalized Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 3, 2025

Efficient therapeutic approaches for bone regeneration are urgently required to address the significant challenges associated with repair of large-scale or long-segment defects. Peptide-functionalized hydrogels (PFHs) have emerged as important bioactive materials in tissue engineering because they produce biomimetic microenvironments enriched multiple biochemical signals. This review summarizes key fabrication techniques PFHs and discusses their diverse applications different fields. Furthermore, we systematically highlighted functionalization PFHs, which includes basic functions such cell adhesion, recruitment, osteoinduction; improved angiogenesis, biomineralization, immune regulation, hormone regulation; other functions, including antimicrobial antitumor effects. Finally, critical biosafety considerations perspectives on developing intelligent addressed. aims inspire further research accelerate engineering.

Language: Английский

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Essential and Non-Essential Metals and Metalloids and Their Role in Atherosclerosis

Cardiovascular Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Deciphering the Role of Copper Homeostasis in Atherosclerosis: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targets

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(21), P. 11462 - 11462

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death globally, with atherosclerosis (AS) playing central role in its pathogenesis as chronic inflammatory condition. Copper, an essential trace element the human body, participates various biological processes and plays significant cardiovascular system. Maintaining normal copper homeostasis crucial for health, dysregulation balance closely associated development CVD. When disrupted, it can induce cell death, which has been proposed to be novel form "cuproptosis", distinct from traditional programmed death. This new linked occurrence progression AS. article elaborately describes physiological mechanisms explores interactions signaling pathways related Additionally, we focus on process mechanism induced by imbalances summarize relationship between homeostasis-related genes We also emphasize potential therapeutic approaches, such regulators nanotechnology interventions, adjust levels providing ideas strategies prevention treatment

Language: Английский

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