ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immune cell therapies have revolutionized oncology, particularly in hematological malignancies, yet their efficacy against solid tumors remains limited due to challenges such as dense stromal barriers and immunosuppressive microenvironments. With advancements nanobiotechnology, researchers developed various strategies methods enhance the CAR tumor treatment. In this Review, we first outline structure mechanism of CAR-T (T, T cell), CAR-NK (NK, natural killer), CAR-M (M, macrophage) deeply analyze potential these cells treatment they face. Next, explore how biomaterials can optimize treatments by improving microenvironment, controlling release, promoting infiltration, enhancing efficacy. Finally, summarize current solutions, emphasize effective combination therapy, look forward its future clinical application strategies. This Review provides important theoretical perspectives practical guidance for development more

Language: Английский