We
showed
previously
that
antimony
(III)
oxide
is
extensively
used
as
the
catalyst
for
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET)
synthesis,
very
efficient
in
PET
depolymerization
reaction
via
glycolysis.
This
study
presents
synthesis
of
a
novel
magnetic
bifunctional,
recyclable,
and
reusable
ionic
liquid,
[email protected],
contain
only
2.2
wt%
antimony,
with
hope
it
lowers
amount
needed
well
can
be
recover
reused.
was
chemical
recycling
through
glycolysis
to
produce
bis(2-hydroxyethyl)
(BHET)
monomer,
results
demonstrated
at
loading
6.0
wt%,
provided
100%
conversion
96.4%
yield
selectivity
BHET
200°C
0.6
bar
pressure
high
reactor.
The
influence
on
studied
activity
[email protected]
compared
bromide
another
synthesized
unsupported
antimony-containing
liquid.
Results
revealed
highest
catalytic
this
liquid
reaction.
recoverability
reusability
examined
five
consecutive
reactions
acceptable
next
runs.
use
offers
promising
potential
due
its
ease
separation
an
external
magnet,
product
purity,
recyclability.
RSC Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
1(9), P. 2135 - 2147
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
This
review
has
focused
on
the
concept
of
upcycling,
which
involves
utilizing
PET
waste
as
a
raw
material
for
production
value-added
products
such
monomers,
fine
chemicals,
hydrogen,
or
carbon
materials.
Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(12), P. 2991 - 2991
Published: June 18, 2024
Plastic
pollution
has
escalated
into
a
critical
global
issue,
with
production
soaring
from
2
million
metric
tons
in
1950
to
400.3
2022.
The
packaging
industry
alone
accounts
for
nearly
44%
of
this
production,
predominantly
utilizing
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET).
Alarmingly,
over
90%
the
approximately
1
PET
bottles
sold
every
minute
end
up
landfills
or
oceans,
where
they
can
persist
centuries.
This
highlights
urgent
need
sustainable
management
and
recycling
solutions
mitigate
environmental
impact
waste.
To
better
understand
PET's
behavior
promote
its
within
circular
economy,
we
examined
chemical
physical
properties,
current
strategies
most
effective
methods
available
today.
Advancing
economy
framework
by
closing
industrial
loops
demonstrated
benefits
such
as
reduced
landfill
waste,
minimized
energy
consumption,
conserved
raw
resources.
end,
identified
various
based
on
R-imperatives
(ranging
3R
10R),
focusing
latest
approaches
aimed
at
significantly
reducing
waste
2040.
Additionally,
comparison
(including
primary,
secondary,
tertiary,
quaternary
recycling,
along
concepts
"zero-order"
biological
techniques)
was
envisaged.
Particular
attention
paid
heterogeneous
catalytic
glycolysis,
which
stands
out
rapid
reaction
time
(20-60
min),
high
monomer
yields
(>90%),
ease
catalyst
recovery
reuse,
lower
costs,
enhanced
durability.
Accordingly,
use
highly
efficient
oxide-based
catalysts
glycolytic
degradation
is
underscored
promising
solution
large-scale
applications.
Polymer Engineering and Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 12, 2025
Abstract
As
societal
advancements
and
living
standards
rise,
the
consumption
of
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET)
beverage
bottles
is
witnessing
a
sharp
increase.
However,
haphazard
disposal
PET‐containing
products
leads
to
environmental
degradation
loss
valuable
resources.
The
development
economically
viable
methods
for
recycling
waste
PET
paramount
significance.
Thus,
we
developed
conductive
polymer
composite
through
an
innovative
strategy
rooted
in
self‐healing
polyurethane
(PU)
derived
from
chemically
recycled
components
plastic.
Through
glycolysis
with
ethylene
glycol
(EG),
obtained
high
yield
97.1%
pristine
feedstock
known
as
bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)
(BHET),
renowned
its
distinctive
functional
groups
abundant
hydrogen
bond
stacking
domains.
Leveraging
these
attributes,
monomers
BHET
(r‐BHET)
were
used
building
blocks
synthesizing
high‐performance
PU
elastomers
good
mechanical
properties,
thermal
stability,
remarkable
capabilities
matrix.
By
synergistically
combining
BHET‐based
optimized
hybrid
carbon
nanofiller
content,
healing
composites
that
exhibit
conductivity
(>8.20
×
10
2
S
m
−1
).
These
are
ideal
use
supporting
electrodes
flexible
supercapacitor
devices.
resulting
device
retains
94.3%
initial
capacitance
after
five
cutting
cycles
95.1%
1000
bending
cycles.
harnessing
principles
employing
eco‐friendly
constituents
bio‐sourced,
materials,
our
represent
significant
advance
toward
sustainable,
renewable
alternatives
traditional
petroleum‐based
composites.
Highlights
A
sustainable
elastomer
developed.
Elastomers
T
g
−64.1°C
self‐heal
effectively
via
bonds.
Recycled
nanofillers
form
conductive,
durable
electrodes.
Supercapacitors
kept
bends.
offer
polymers.
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(46), P. 16618 - 16626
Published: Nov. 6, 2023
We
report
using
a
waste
material,
poly(ethylene
terephthalate)
(PET)
water
bottle
labels,
for
the
chemical
recycling
of
same
PET
bottles.
The
solid
fillers
used
manufacturing
packaging
labels
were
recovered
by
thermolysis
in
an
electrical
furnace
at
600,
800,
and
1000
°C
with
13.5,
12.0,
10.4
wt
%
recovery.
Characterization
residue
showed
presence
calcium
carbonate,
oxide,
titanium
dioxide,
which
are
typical
film
manufacturing,
such
as
labels.
These
residues
then
catalyst
depolymerization
glycolysis,
from
shredded
reacted
excess
ethylene
glycol
200
°C.
reaction
mixtures
analyzed
conversion
yield
bis(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalate
(BHET)
monomer
final
product
glycolysis
to
determine
efficiency
catalyst.
Our
results
show
that
prepared
800
(Cat-800)
has
best
performance
provides
100%
95.8%
BHET
1.0
loading
1.5
h.
is
nontoxic,
readily
available,
cost-effective,
environmentally
friendly,
can
be
model
self-sufficient
via
glycolysis.
ACS Applied Polymer Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
6(5), P. 2659 - 2674
Published: Feb. 21, 2024
The
prospect
of
developing
a
polymer
with
mechanical
properties
close
to
the
bone
tissues
and
having
good
biodegradation
biocompatibility
makes
polyurethane
(PU)
promising
material
for
tissue
regeneration.
Here,
nanocomposites
were
developed
using
postconsumer
discarded
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET)
selectively
functionalized
nanofillers
prepare
porous
scaffolds
This
approach
motivates
sustainable
recycling
circular
economy
aspects
associated
PET
waste.
was
glycolyzed
ethylene
glycol
through
transesterification
zinc
acetate
as
catalyst
produce
bis(2-hydroxyethyl)
(BHET).
Then,
BHET
reacted
1,6-hexamethylene
diisocyanate
(HMDI)
an
NCO-terminated
prepolymer
PU,
which
then
copolymerized
hydroxybutyl-terminated
poly(dimethylsiloxane)
(hbPDMS)
diethylenetriamine
chain
extender
impart
adequate
flexibility
scaffolds.
Studies
on
U2OS
osteoblast
cell
line
showed
in
vitro
proliferations
94
98%
6
14
d,
respectively.
Hemolytic
analysis
shows
that
consisting
lower
loading
nanocrystals
(≤2
wt
%)
are
short-run
regeneration
(up
60
days),
whereas
higher
(5
is
better
long-run
(60–90
days).
Nanocomposites
exhibit
excellent
mechanical,
morphological,
biological
and,
thus,
potential
candidates
proliferation
cells.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
141(29)
Published: May 5, 2024
Abstract
Large
amounts
of
plastic
waste
are
daily
generated,
becoming
a
global
issue
that
needs
to
be
addressed.
Thus,
new
recycling
alternatives
have
been
explored,
such
as
the
depolymerization
poly(ethylene
terephthalate)
(wPET).
These
reactions
can
lead
formation
oligomers
and
monomers,
which
then
employed
in
synthetic
processes.
The
aim
this
work
is
use
products
chemical
wPET
on
synthesis
hydrogels
evaluate
capacity
these
materials
adsorb
dyes
aiming
wastewater
treatment.
depolymerizations
were
done
through
glycerolysis
catalyzed
by
zinc
(II)
acetate
under
microwave
radiation.
Afterwards,
obtained
oil
was
crosslinked
with
citric
acid
(CA)
tin
chloride
catalysis
obtain
hydrogels.
water
uptake
ranged
from
310%
1442%,
depending
CA
content.
When
placed
an
indigo
carmine
solution,
showed
high
adsorption
capacity,
removing
up
97%
dye.
kinetic
study
revealed
physicochemical
mechanism
for
removal
process,
corroborated
Temkin
isotherms.
results
indicate
PET
via
viable
alternative
producing
hydrogels,
reducing
while
creating
tools
Chemical Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Progress
in
chemical
recycling
of
waste
polyesters
(waste
plastic
refinery)
was
reviewed
and
prospected,
newly
reported
thermal
catalysis,
photocatalysis,
electrocatalysis,
biocatalysis
the
recycle
PET-based
product
were
introduced.
ACS ES&T Engineering,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 12, 2025
This
study
reveals
the
effects
of
23
metal
salts
on
hydrolysis
postconsumer
poly(ethylene
terephthalate)
(PET).
Isothermal
reactions
were
conducted
at
200
°C
for
2
h
and
with
a
1/10
(w/w)
loading
PET
water.
Terephthalic
acid
(TPA)
yields
least
80%
obtained
indium
ytterbium
triflates,
zinc
iodide,
potassium
sodium
carbonates,
phosphate,
bicarbonate.
Without
additives,
TPA
yield
was
less
than
10%,
suggesting
that
these
are
potential
candidates
to
improve
chemical
recycling
PET.
We
expect
complete
catalytic
depolymerization
be
available
longer
times
or
higher
temperatures.
Reuse
acetate
solution
sequential
experiments
consistently
gave
high
six
cycles.
used
experimental
dataset
machine
learning
determine
conversion
primarily
influenced
by
mass
ratio
salt
PET,
Lewis
acidity,
ionic
strength,
pH.
The
effect
some
triflates
first
increased
increasing
acidity
but
peaked
declined
as
further.
suggests
not
only
increases
intrinsic
rate
also
strength
solvation
shell
around
catalyst,
thereby
hindering
its
access
ester
bonds
in
