Enhancing Osteogenesis and Mechanical Properties through Scaffold Design in 3D Printed Bone Substitutes

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

In the context of regenerative medicine, design scaffolds to possess excellent osteogenesis and appropriate mechanical properties has gained significant attention in bone tissue engineering. this review, we categorized materials into metallic, inorganic, nonmetallic, organic polymer, composite materials. This review provides a more integrated multidimensional analysis scaffold for Unlike previous works that often focus on single aspects, such as material type or fabrication technique, our takes broader approach. It analyzes interaction between materials, 3D printing techniques, structural designs, modification methods, porosities, pore sizes, composition (particularly materials). Meanwhile, it focuses their impacts scaffolds' osteogenic potential performance. also suggested ranges porosity size different outlines recommended surface methods. approach not only consolidates current knowledge but highlights interdependencies among various factors affecting efficacy, offering deeper insights optimization strategies tailored specific clinical conditions. Furthermore, introduce recent advancements innovative techniques novel which are rarely addressed reviews, thereby providing forward-looking perspective informs future research directions applications.

Language: Английский

Modern Approach to Testing the Biocompatibility of Osteochondral Scaffolds in Accordance with the 3Rs Principle─Preclinical In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and In Vivo Studies Using the Biphasic Curdlan-Based Biomaterial

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive set biological tests assess the biomedical potential novel osteochondral scaffolds with methods proposed comply 3Rs principle, focusing here on biphasic Curdlan-based scaffold as promising model biomaterial. In vitro experiments include evaluation cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity referring ISO standards, assessment viability proliferation human chondrocytes osteoblasts, estimation inflammation after direct contact biomaterials macrophages. Ex vivo assessments response surrounding tissue incubation implanted involve an toxicity regenerative biomaterial in zebrafish (larvae adults) defects dogs (veterinary patients). applied allows us show that does not induce cytotoxicity (cell close 100%), mutagenicity (the level reversion 2× higher compared control), (it exhibit any change chromosomal aberration; frequency micronuclei, micronucleated binucleated cells, cytokinesis-block index comparable control; moreover, it cause formation comets cells). This also promotes osteoblasts OD values between fourth seventh day increase by approximately 1.6×). stimulates only transient inflammatory ex vivo. Danio rerio larvae malformation enables proper regeneration caudal fin adults. Finally, supports defect veterinary patients. Thus, proposal use alternative for opposed commonly used using large numbers laboratory animals.

Language: Английский

Piezoelectric Biomaterials for Use in Bone Tissue Engineering—A Narrative Review

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Applied Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 113(4)

Published: March 17, 2025

ABSTRACT To examine natural bone's bioelectrical traits, notably its piezoelectricity, and to look into how these characteristics influence bone growth repair. In the context of exploring potential piezoelectric biomaterials, such as biopolymers bio‐ceramics, towards orthopedic regeneration applications, research seeks evaluate significance piezoelectricity‐driven osteogenesis. The paper reviews recent on electrical dielectric properties, surface polarization/electrical stimulation effects interacting with cell activity effectiveness biomaterials support tissues' regenerative process. study includes a number materials, collagen, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) barium titanate. applications organic polymers, polymers are particularly highlighted. Piezoelectric being shown in studies enhance cellular metabolism vitro well promote tissues vivo, especially when paired electric field or interface polarization. bio‐ceramics like magnesium silicate titanate, collagen PVDF, have possibilities for applications. However, there several challenges regarding manufacturing specific compositions having desired properties. This review highlighted special emphasis bioceramics. Therefore, types materials huge because they can mimic properties allow better advances tissue engineering medicine. date, little is known about their mechanism action, modifications needed improve efficacy clinical uptake.

Language: Английский