Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction: Ammonia Synthesis and the Beyond

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(17)

Published: June 9, 2023

Natural nitrogen cycle has been severely disrupted by anthropogenic activities. The overuse of N-containing fertilizers induces the increase nitrate level in surface and ground waters, substantial emission oxides causes heavy air pollution. Nitrogen gas, as main component air, used for mass ammonia production over a century, providing enough nutrition agriculture to support world population increase. In last decade, researchers have made great efforts develop processes under ambient conditions combat intensive energy consumption high carbon associated with Haber-Bosch process. Among different techniques, electrochemical reduction reaction (NO

Language: Английский

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Unveiling Cutting‐Edge Developments in Electrocatalytic Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Conversion

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(16)

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

The excessive enrichment of nitrate in the environment can be converted into ammonia (NH

Language: Английский

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Breaking Local Charge Symmetry of Iron Single Atoms for Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(39)

Published: July 22, 2023

The electrochemical conversion of nitrate pollutants into value-added ammonia is a feasible way to achieve artificial nitrogen cycle. However, the development electrocatalytic nitrate-to-ammonia reduction reaction (NO3- RR) has been hampered by high overpotential and low Faradaic efficiency. Here we develop an iron single-atom catalyst coordinated with phosphorus on hollow carbon polyhedron (denoted as Fe-N/P-C) NO3- RR electrocatalyst. Owing tuning effect atoms breaking local charge symmetry single-Fe-atom catalyst, it facilitates adsorption ions enrichment some key intermediates during process. Fe-N/P-C exhibits 90.3 % efficiency yield rate 17980 μg h-1 mgcat-1 , greatly outperforming reported Fe-based catalysts. Furthermore, operando SR-FTIR spectroscopy measurements reveal pathway based observed under different applied potentials durations. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that optimized free energy ascribed asymmetric atomic interface configuration, which achieves optimal electron density distribution. This work demonstrates critical role atomic-level precision modulation heteroatom doping for RR, providing effective strategy improving catalytic performance single atom catalysts in reactions.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Efficient Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(43)

Published: June 25, 2023

Abstract Ammonia as an irreplaceable chemical has been widely demanded to keep the sustainable development of modern society. However, its industrial production consumes huge energy and releases extraordinary green‐house gases, leading various environmental issues. To achieve green ammonia is a great challenge that extensively pursued recently. In review, most promising strategy, electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (e‐NO 3 RR) for purpose comprehensively investigated give full understanding mechanism provide guidance future directions. Particularly, electrocatalysts focused realize high yield rate Faraday efficiency applications. The recent‐developed catalysts, including noble metallic materials, alloys, metal compounds, single‐metal‐atom metal‐free are systematically discussed review effects factors on catalytic performance in e‐NO RR. Accordingly, strategies, defects engineering, coordination environment modulating, surface controlling, hybridization, carefully improve performance, such intrinsic activity selectivity. Finally, perspectives challenges given out. This shall insightful advanced systems efficiently industry.

Language: Английский

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Recent progress and strategies on the design of catalysts for electrochemical ammonia synthesis from nitrate reduction

Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 3489 - 3514

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Ammonia (NH3) is an essential raw material in the production of fertilizers and a promising carbon-free energy carrier, however, its synthesis still depends on energy- capital-intensive Haber–Bosch process. Recently, electrochemical N2 reduction reaction has attracted significant interest as emerging method for NH3 under ambient conditions. However, limited solubility aqueous electrolyte strong NN bonds result low yield rate, inferior faradaic efficiency unsatisfactory selectivity, impeding further practical application. Considering high water nitrate (NO3−), NO3− (NO3−RR) become fascinating route achieving sustainable NH3, enormous progress been made this field. As consequence, review discusses mechanism systematically summarizes recent development electrocatalysts NO3−RR, including noble-metal-based materials, single-atom metal catalysts, transition-metal-based catalysts. Diverse design strategies catalysts to boost NO3−RR performance, such defect engineering, rational structure design, strain engineering constructing heterostructures, are discussed. This followed by illustration how robust understanding optimization affords fundamental insights into efficiency, selectivity electrocatalysts. Finally, we conclude with future perspectives critical issues, challenges research directions high-efficiency selective NH3.

Language: Английский

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Elucidating electrochemical nitrate and nitrite reduction over atomically-dispersed transition metal sites

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 28, 2023

Electrocatalytic reduction of waste nitrates (NO3-) enables the synthesis ammonia (NH3) in a carbon neutral and decentralized manner. Atomically dispersed metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts demonstrate high catalytic activity uniquely favor mono-nitrogen products. However, reaction fundamentals remain largely underexplored. Herein, we report set 14; 3d-, 4d-, 5d- f-block M-N-C catalysts. The selectivity NO3- to NH3 media, with specific focus on deciphering role NO2- intermediate cascade, reveals strong correlations (R=0.9) between for NH3. Moreover, theoretical computations reveal associative/dissociative adsorption pathways evolution, over normal M-N4 sites their oxo-form (O-M-N4) oxyphilic metals. This work provides platform designing multi-element NO3RR cascades single-atom or hybridization extended surfaces.

Language: Английский

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Electro-triggered Joule heating method to synthesize single-phase CuNi nano-alloy catalyst for efficient electrocatalytic nitrate reduction toward ammonia

Nano Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 6632 - 6641

Published: March 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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Carbon‐Anchored Molybdenum Oxide Nanoclusters as Efficient Catalysts for the Electrosynthesis of Ammonia and Urea

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(19)

Published: March 13, 2023

Abstract The electrochemical NO 3 − reduction and its coupling with CO 2 can provide novel clean routes to synthesize NH urea, respectively. However, their practical application is still impeded by the lack of efficient catalysts desirable Faradaic efficiency (FE) yield rate. Herein, we report synthesis molybdenum oxide nanoclusters anchored on carbon black (MoO x /C) as electrocatalyst. It affords an outstanding FE 98.14 % rate 91.63 mg h −1 cat. in reduction. Besides, highest 27.7 a maximum urea 1431.5 μg toward also achieved. formation electron‐rich MoO highly unsaturated metal sites /C heterostructure beneficial for enhanced catalytic performance. Studies mechanism reveal that stabilization *NO *CO NOOH intermediates are critical synthesis,

Language: Английский

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High‐Throughput Screening of Heterogeneous Transition Metal Dual‐Atom Catalysts by Synergistic Effect for Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(32)

Published: May 5, 2023

Abstract Nitrate reduction to ammonia has attracted much attention for nitrate (NO 3 ‐ ) removal and (NH production. Identifying promising catalyst active electroreduction reaction RR) is critical realize efficient upscaling synthesis of NH under low‐temperature condition. For this purpose, by means spin‐polarized first‐principles calculations, the NO RR performance on a series graphitic carbon nitride (g‐CN) supported double‐atom catalysts (denoted as M 1 2 @g‐CN) are systematically investigated. The synergistic effect heterogeneous dual‐metal sites can bring out tunable activity selectivity RR. Amongst 21 candidates examined, FeMo@g‐CN CrMo@g‐CN possess high with low limiting potentials ‐0.34 ‐0.39 V, respectively. activities be attributed dimer d orbitals coupling anti‐bonding orbital . dissociation deposited FeMo CrMo dimers into two separated monomers proved difficult, ensuring kinetic stability @g‐CN. Furthermore, decorated g‐CN significantly reduces bandgap broadens adsorption window visible light, implying its great promise photocatalysis. This work opens new avenue future theoretical experimental design related photo‐/electrocatalysts.

Language: Английский

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Sustainable Ammonia Electrosynthesis from Nitrate Wastewater Coupled to Electrocatalytic Upcycling of Polyethylene Terephthalate Plastic Waste

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(13), P. 12422 - 12432

Published: June 26, 2023

Integrating the nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) hydrolysate oxidation to construct nitrate/PET coelectrolysis system holds a great promise of realizing simultaneous upcycling wastewater and PET plastic waste, which, however, is still an almost untouched research area. Herein, we develop ultralow content Ru-incorporated Co-based metal-organic frameworks as bifunctional precatalyst, which can be in situ reconstructed Ru-Co(OH)2 at cathode Ru-CoOOH anode under electrocatalytic environments, function real active catalysts for NO3RR oxidation, respectively. With two-electrode system, current density 50 mA cm-2 achieved cell voltage only 1.53 V, production ammonia formate lower energy consumption. This study provides concept construction systems waste.

Language: Английский

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