ChemPlusChem,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
89(6)
Published: Feb. 22, 2024
Abstract
This
concept
focuses
on
dual‐catalysis
using
metal
complexes
and
heterogeneous
photocatalysts.
Vitamin
B
12
derivatives
are
sophisticated
that
facilitate
enzymatic
reactions
in
the
biological
systems.
The
enzymes
inspired
catalytically
proceed
dual‐catalyst
systems
of
photocatalysts,
such
as
titanium
oxide
(TiO
2
)
metal‐organic
frameworks
(MOFs),
under
light
irradiation.
cobalt
ions
effectively
reduced
by
photoexcited
producing
low‐valent
Co(I)
species.
photoinduced
nucleophilic
species
react
with
an
alkyl
halide
to
form
organometallic
complex
a
Co−C
bond.
bond
dissociates
during
photolysis
generate
radicals.
Based
this
mechanism,
promotes
various
light‐driven
organic
syntheses
dehalogenation
toxic
halides.
trends
system
recent
progress
field
discussed
concept.
Chemistry - A European Journal,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
Cyclopropane
derivatives
serve
as
important
building
blocks
in
organic
synthesis,
due
to
their
three-membered
stretched
ring.
Nitro-substituted
cyclopropanes
(NCPs)
represent
a
special
class
of
donor-acceptor
(DACs)
that
contain
strong
electron-withdrawing
nitro
group
substituent
on
the
cyclopropyl
moiety.
Due
versatile
nature
group,
which
can
be
converted
into
other
functional
azo
groups
or
heterocyclic
scaffolds,
NCPs
are
considered
design
complex
compounds.
Herein,
present
review
is
organized
two
main
sections
focused
synthesis
and
application
NCPs.
The
part
containing
synthetic
methodologies
has
been
further
divided
distinct
based
mainly
starting
materials,
such
as:
a)
from
nitroalkenes,
b)
nitro-bearing
diazo
compounds,
c)
nitroalkanes
combination
with
alkenes,
d)
aminocyclopropanes
under
oxidative
conditions,
e)
various
through
miscellaneous
processes.
In
concerning
applications
use
NCPs,
categorization
includes
three
subcategories,
reduction
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic
acids
(ACC),
ring
opening
leading
valuable
open-chain
heterocycles,
expansion
larger
cyclic
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 907 - 911
Published: Feb. 27, 2025
Cyanocobalamin,
an
important
form
of
vitamin
B12,
is
significantly
degraded
when
exposed
to
light,
affecting
its
potency
and
effectiveness.
In
this
review,
we
describe
in
detail
the
effectiveness
polymeric
cyclodextrins
as
protectants
for
cyanocobalamin,
with
a
particular
focus
on
their
role
enhancing
photostability.
This
article
summarizes
recent
advances
explains
mechanism
by
which
protect
cyanocobalamin
from
photodegradation.
We
explained
structural
properties
cyclodextrin,
encapsulation
ability,
synergistic
interaction
cyanocobalamin.
Additionally,
review
evaluates
different
methods
analytical
techniques
used
assess
photostability
provide
insight
into
practical
implications
pharmaceutical
nutraceutical
applications.
By
synthesizing
current
research
results,
will
narrate
how
serve
promising
candidates
preserving
photosensitivity
thereby
demonstrate
sustained
efficacy
various
formulations.
It
aims
comprehensive
understanding
what
contributes
applicability.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
145(35), P. 19387 - 19395
Published: Aug. 22, 2023
Advances
in
controlled
radical
polymerizations
by
cobalt
complexes
have
primarily
taken
advantage
of
the
reactivity
as
a
persistent
to
reversibly
deactivate
propagating
chains
forming
carbon-cobalt
bond.
However,
cobalt-mediated
require
stoichiometric
ratios
complex,
deterring
its
utility
synthesizing
well-defined
polymers.
Here,
we
developed
strategy
use
catalyst
control
via
halogen
atom
transfer
with
alkyl
halide
initiators.
Using
modified,
hydrophobic
analogue
vitamin
B12
(heptamethyl
ester
cobyrinate)
precatalyst,
polymerization
acrylate
monomers.
The
efficiency
was
significantly
improved
additional
bromide
anions,
which
enhanced
deactivation
radicals
yielding
polymers
dispersity
values
<1.2
using
concentrations
low
5
mol
%.
We
anticipate
that
development
catalysis
will
enable
new
opportunities
designing
catalytic
systems
for
synthesis
Synthesis,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
54(22), P. 4864 - 4882
Published: Aug. 8, 2022
Abstract
One
central
research
goal
for
modern
organic
chemistry
in
society
is
to
develop
sustainable
synthetic
methodologies.
Visible-light-induced
transformations
that
apply
earth-abundant
metals
as
catalysts
are
a
good
reply
this
concern.
In
short
review,
recent
developments
of
photocatalysis
applying
iron
group
metal
(Fe,
Co,
Ni)
discussed.
Reaction
types,
the
catalyst
details,
and
mechanisms
introduced.
1
Introduction
2
Visible-Light-Induced
Fe-Catalyzed
Reactions
3
Co-Catalyzed
4
Ni-Catalyzed
5
Summary
In
most
FDA-approved
antibody-drug
conjugates,
cysteines
generated
through
reduction
of
the
native
interchain
di-sulfide
bonds
in
monoclonal
antibodies
(mAbs)
are
conjugated
with
maleimide-based
cytotoxic
payloads.
Despite
being
key
to
efficiently
producing
well-defined
selective
disulfide
strategies
severely
underdevel-oped.
Herein,
we
report
a
vitamin
B12-catalyzed,
electrochemically
driven
protocol
that
reduces
various
aqueous
buffers
and
at
broad
pH
range.
This
robust
simple
method
is
suitable
for
reduc-tions
substrates
ranging
from
biologically
relevant
small
molecules
large
proteins.
Finally,
one-pot
reduc-tion/conjugation
mAbs
was
achieved
access
antibody
conjugates.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
146(29), P. 19828 - 19838
Published: July 9, 2024
In
recent
years,
methodologies
that
rely
on
water
as
the
reaction
medium
have
gained
considerable
attention.
The
unique
properties
of
micellar
solutions
were
shown
to
improve
regio-,
stereo-,
and
chemoselectivity
different
transformations.
Herein,
we
demonstrate
aqueous
environment
is
a
suitable
for
visible
light
driven
cobalt-catalyzed
involving
radical
species.
this
system,
reduced
vitamin
B
Organic Letters,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
26(29), P. 6169 - 6173
Published: July 12, 2024
The
chemical
properties
of
disulfides
are
leveraged
in
a
wide
array
applications,
ranging
from
protein-drug
conjugates
for
cancer
treatment
to
self-healing
materials.
However,
disulfide
reduction
strategies
remain
severely
underdeveloped
despite
being
the
key
efficiently
accessing
desired
targets.
Specifically,
no
homogeneous
catalyst
has
been
reported
this
reaction,
and
conditions
that
allow
use
mild
green
reductants
(e.g.,
via
electrochemical
reduction)
not
known.
Herein,
we
unveil
vitamin
B
Cell Reports Physical Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
4(4), P. 101372 - 101372
Published: April 1, 2023
Epoxide
ring-opening
reactions
have
long
been
utilized
to
furnish
alcohol
products
that
are
valuable
in
many
subfields
of
chemistry.
While
epoxide-opening
known,
the
hydrogenative
opening
epoxides
via
ionic
means
remains
challenging
because
harsh
conditions
and
reactive
hydride
nucleophiles.
Recent
progress
has
shown
radical
chemistry
can
achieve
epoxide
ring
under
relatively
mild
conditions;
however,
these
methods
invariably
require
oxophilic
metal
catalysts
sensitive
reagents.
In
response
challenges,
we
report
a
new
approach
hydrogenation
using
bio-inspired
Earth-abundant
vitamin
B12
thiol-centric
hydrogen
atom
transfer
(HAT)
co-catalysis
produce
Markovnikov
alcohols
visible
light
irradiation.
This
powerful
reaction
system
exhibits
broad
substrate
scope,
including
number
electrophilic
reductively
labile
functionalities
would
otherwise
be
susceptible
reduction
or
cleavage
by
nucleophiles,
preliminary
mechanistic
experiments
consistent
with
process.
