ChemSusChem,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 17, 2024
Abstract
Polystyrene
is
a
staple
plastic
in
the
packaging
and
insulation
market.
Despite
its
good
recyclability,
willingness
of
PS
recycling
remains
low,
largely
due
to
high
cost
limited
profitability.
This
review
examines
research
progresses,
gaps,
challenges
areas
that
affect
costs,
including
but
not
logistics,
design,
policymaking.
We
critically
evaluate
recent
developments
upcycling
strategies,
we
particularly
focus
on
tandem
hydrogen‐atom
transfer
(HAT)
strategies.
conclude
future
studies
should
only
reaction
chemistry
mechanisms
also
economic
viability
processes.
The
goal
this
stimulate
development
innovative
strategies
with
low
costs
output
values.
hope
technological
momentum
towards
sustainable
circular
economy.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
145(11), P. 6144 - 6155
Published: Feb. 17, 2023
Transformation
of
biomass
and
plastic
wastes
to
value-added
chemicals
fuels
is
considered
an
upcycling
process
that
beneficial
resource
utilization.
Electrocatalysis
offers
a
sustainable
approach;
however,
it
remains
huge
challenge
increase
the
current
density
deliver
market-demanded
with
high
selectivity.
Herein,
we
demonstrate
electrocatalytic
strategy
for
glycerol
(from
biodiesel
byproduct)
lactic
acid
ethylene
glycol
polyethylene
terephthalate
waste)
glycolic
acid,
both
products
being
as
valuable
monomers
biodegradable
polymer
production.
By
using
nickel
hydroxide-supported
gold
electrocatalyst
(Au/Ni(OH)2),
achieve
selectivities
(77
91%,
respectively)
densities
at
moderate
potentials
(317.7
mA/cm2
0.95
V
vs
RHE
326.2
1.15
RHE,
respectively).
We
reveal
can
be
enriched
Au/Ni(OH)2
interface
through
their
adjacent
hydroxyl
groups,
substantially
increasing
local
concentrations
thus
densities.
As
proof
concept,
employed
membrane-free
flow
electrolyzer
triglyceride
PET
bottles,
attaining
11.2
g
coupled
9.3
L
H2
13.7
9.4
H2,
respectively,
revealing
potential
coproduction
fuel
from
in
fashion.
ACS Catalysis,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(6), P. 3575 - 3590
Published: Feb. 27, 2023
Plastic
waste
pollution
is
becoming
one
of
the
most
pressing
environmental
crises
due
to
large-scale
production
without
satisfactory
recycling
schemes,
especially
with
outbreak
COVID-19
pandemic
in
recent
years.
Upcycling
plastic
into
valuable
chemicals
powered
by
solar
energy
presents
a
substantially
untapped
opportunity
turn
treasure.
In
this
review,
fundamental
principles
from
nonselective
degradation
selective
synthesis
are
first
clarified.
Then,
we
aim
outline
representative
advances
photoredox-based
catalytic
conversion.
Particular
emphasis
placed
on
valorization
regarding
versus
synthesis.
Finally,
present
challenges
and
individual
insights
for
further
exploration
conversion
domain.
It
anticipated
that
timely
critical
review
would
provide
an
instructive
direction
foresight
plastics
value-added
chemical
feedstocks,
thus
stimulating
development
circular
sustainable
economy
coming
decades.
Small,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
19(39)
Published: May 25, 2023
Electrochemical
valorization
of
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET)
waste
streams
into
commodity
chemicals
offers
a
potentially
sustainable
route
for
creating
circular
plastic
economy.
However,
PET
wastes
upcycling
valuable
C2
product
remains
huge
challenge
by
the
lack
an
electrocatalyst
that
can
steer
oxidation
economically
and
selectively.
Here,
it
is
reported
catalyst
comprising
Pt
nanoparticles
hybridized
with
γ-NiOOH
nanosheets
supported
on
Ni
foam
(Pt/γ-NiOOH/NF)
favors
electrochemical
transformation
real-word
hydrolysate
glycolate
high
Faradaic
efficiency
(>
90%)
selectivity
across
wide
reactant
(ethylene
glycol,
EG)
concentration
ranges
under
marginal
applied
voltage
0.55
V,
which
be
paired
cathodic
hydrogen
production.
Computational
studies
combined
experimental
characterizations
elucidate
Pt/γ-NiOOH
interface
substantial
charge
accumulation
gives
rise
to
optimized
adsorption
energy
EG
decreased
barrier
potential
determining
step.
A
techno-economic
analysis
demonstrates
that,
nearly
same
amount
resource
investment,
electroreforming
strategy
towards
production
raise
revenue
up
2.2
times
relative
conventional
chemical
process.
This
work
may
thus
serve
as
framework
process
net-zero
carbon
footprint
economic
viability.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(23)
Published: March 20, 2024
Abstract
The
plastic
waste
issue
has
posed
a
series
of
formidable
challenges
for
the
ecological
environment
and
human
health.
While
conventional
recycling
strategies
often
lead
to
down‐cycling,
electrochemical
strategy
recovering
valuable
monomers
enables
an
ideal,
circular
economy.
Here
corrosion
synthesized
single
atom
Pt
1
/Ni(OH)
2
electrocatalyst
with
part‐per‐million
noble
loading
highly
efficient
selective
upcycling
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET)
into
chemicals
(potassium
diformate
terephthalic
acid)
green
hydrogen
is
reported.
Electro‐oxidation
PET
hydrolysate,
ethylene
glycol
(EG),
formate
processed
high
Faraday
efficiency
(FE)
selectivity
(>90%)
at
current
density
close
1000
mA
cm
−2
(1.444
V
vs
RHE).
in
situ
spectroscopy
functional
theory
calculations
provide
insights
mechanism
understanding
efficiency.
Remarkably,
electro‐oxidation
EG
ampere‐level
also
successfully
illustrated
by
using
membrane‐electrode
assembly
FEs
integrated
production
500
h
continuous
operation.
This
process
allows
chemical
space‐time
yield
profitable
(588–700
$
ton
−1
PET),
showing
industrial
perspective
on
single‐atom
catalysis
upcycling.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
124(16), P. 9457 - 9579
Published: Aug. 16, 2024
The
large
production
volumes
of
commodity
polyolefins
(specifically,
polyethylene,
polypropylene,
polystyrene,
and
poly(vinyl
chloride)),
in
conjunction
with
their
low
unit
values
multitude
short-term
uses,
have
resulted
a
significant
pressing
waste
management
challenge.
Only
small
fraction
these
is
currently
mechanically
recycled,
the
rest
being
incinerated,
accumulating
landfills,
or
leaking
into
natural
environment.
Since
are
energy-rich
materials,
there
considerable
interest
recouping
some
chemical
value
while
simultaneously
motivating
more
responsible
end-of-life
management.
An
emerging
strategy
catalytic
depolymerization,
which
portion
C-C
bonds
polyolefin
backbone
broken
assistance
catalyst
and,
cases,
additional
molecule
reagents.
When
products
molecules
materials
higher
own
right,
as
feedstocks,
process
called
upcycling.
This
review
summarizes
recent
progress
for
four
major
upcycling
strategies:
hydrogenolysis,
(hydro)cracking,
tandem
processes
involving
metathesis,
selective
oxidation.
Key
considerations
include
macromolecular
reaction
mechanisms
relative
to
mechanisms,
design
transformations,
effect
conditions
on
product
selectivity.
Metrics
describing
critically
evaluated,
an
outlook
future
advances
described.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
53(14), P. 7309 - 7327
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Oxidative
degradation
is
a
powerful
method
to
degrade
plastics
into
oligomers
and
small
oxidized
products.
While
thermal
energy
has
been
conventionally
employed
as
an
external
stimulus,
recent
advances
in
photochemistry
have
enabled
photocatalytic
oxidative
of
polymers
under
mild
conditions.
This
tutorial
review
presents
overview
degradation,
from
its
earliest
examples
emerging
strategies.
briefly
discusses
the
motivation
development
with
focus
on
underlying
mechanisms.
Then,
we
will
examine
modern
studies
primarily
relevant
catalytic
degradation.
Lastly,
highlight
some
unique
using
unconventional
approaches
for
polymer
such
electrochemistry.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: July 25, 2024
Alcoholysis
of
poly(ethylene
terephthalate)
(PET)
waste
to
produce
monomers,
including
methanolysis
yield
dimethyl
terephthalate
(DMT)
and
glycolysis
generate
bis-2-hydroxyethyl
(BHET),
is
a
promising
strategy
in
PET
management.
Here,
we
introduce
an
efficient
PET-alcoholysis
approach
utilizing
oxygen-vacancy
(V
